TBHP-70-AQ
TBHP-70-AQ
Type: Organic Peroxides
Chemical Name: tert.Butyl hydroperoxide
CAS Number: 75-91-2
Chemical Formula: C4H10O2
Delivery Form: 70%, aqueous solution
Description of TBHP-70-AQ:
Colourless, mobile liquid consisting of ca. 70 % tert.Butylhydroperoxide, desensitised with water.
This alkyl-hydroperoxide is used as an initiator for the polymerisation of monomers, e.g. ethylene, vinyl acetate or (meth-) acrylates.
Due to TBHP-70-AQ’s oxidation potential TBHP-70-AQ is used as oxidizing agent in numerous chemical syntheses.
TBHP-70-AQ Applications Include:
-Thermoplastics
-Coatings, Dispersions & Speciality Polymers
-Beyond Polymers
Applications of TBHP-70-AQ:
EMULSION POLYMERISATION:
Initiator for the emulsion polymerisation of vinyl acetate, (meth-) acrylates and acrylic resin paint dispersions in combination with suitable reducing agents (Fe-salts, sulphites, dithionites, RONGALITE, ascorbic acid or sugar).
Temperature range: 50 – 80 °C
Dosage level: 0.1 – 0.5 % as supplied
Particularly suitable for reduction of residual monomer.
COPOLYMERISATION:
Initiator for the copolymerisation of styrene / butadiene or acrylnitrile / butadiene / styrene in emulsion.
In combination with redox systems polymerisation temperatures are possible
between 5 and 25 °C.
Dosage level: 0.1 – 0.3 % as supplied
CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS of TBHP-70-AQ:
Selective oxidizing agent for hydrocarbons, olefins, alcohols, etc.
Decomposition Products:
Possible detectable decomposition products: tert.Butyl alcohol, acetone, methane.
Storage of TBHP-70-AQ:
Avoid any source of heat and light and protect the product from impurities.
Keep within save temperature limits.
Benefits & Applications of TBHP-70-AQ:
Many industries, including polymers and specialty chemicals, use T-Hydro TBHP as an initiator and/or oxidant.
T-Hydro, tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide (TBHP) solution is a highly versatile product, containing 69-70% TBHP in water.
T-Hydro TBHP provides higher thermal stability than other commonly used oxidizing agents.
TBHP-70-AQ has a high self-accelerating decomposition temperature (190°F/88°C).
Little to no decomposition occurs up to moderate temperatures (~100°F/38°C).
T-Hydro TBHP provides versatility and convenience in many applications because of the solvent’s compatibility.
TBHP’s solubility in water is about 15 wt.%.
TBHP is also miscible with most organic solvents.
T-Hydro TBHP provides reactivity control with appropriate catalyst choice and often mild reaction conditions.
Selectivity advantages include regioselectivity, stereoselectivity and chemoselectivity.
When reacted, the by-product tertiary butyl alcohol is stable.
Simple distillation easily reduces the alcohol to low residual levels.
Uses of TBHP-70-AQ:
TBHP-70-AQ is used to initiate polymerization reactionsand in organic syntheses to introduce peroxygroups into the molecule.
Catalyst in polymerization reactions.
TBHP is an intermediate in the production of propylene oxide and t-butyl alcohol from isobutane and propylene.
TBHP-70-AQ is primarily used as an initiator and finishing catalyst in the solution and emulsion polymerization methods for polystyrene and polyacrylates.
Other uses are for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and as an oxidation and sulfonation catalyst in bleaching and deodorizing operations.
TBHP-70-AQ is a strong oxidant and reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, and metallic and sulfur compounds.
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as sharpless epoxidation.
TBHP-70-AQ is involved in osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.
Furthermore, TBHP-70-AQ is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.
TBHP-70-AQ plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.
Definition of TBHP-70-AQ:
ChEBI: An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl.
TBHP-70-AQ is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Production Methods of TBHP-70-AQ:
TBHP is produced by the liquid-phase reaction of isobutane and molecular oxygen or by mixing equimolar amounts of t-butyl alcohol and 30–50% hydrogen peroxide.
TBHP can also be prepared from t-butyl alcohol and 30% hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid or by oxidation of tert-butylmagnesium chloride.
The manufacturing process of TBHP is in a closed system.
TBHP-70-AQ acts as an initiator (radical source) in the polymerization of monomers, e.g. ethylene in combination with other peroxides or oxygen, vinylacetate or (meth-)acrylates with suitable reducing agents (Fe-salts, sulfites, dithionites, rongalite, ascorbinic acid or sugar).
TBHP-70-AQ acts as initiator for the copolymerization of styrene butadiene or acrylnitrile / butadiene / styrene in emulsion in combination with redox-systems in order to increase polymerization rate.
TBHP-70-AQ appears as a colorless mobile liquid which is de-sensitized with water with molecular weight of 90.1 g/mol.
TBHP-70-AQ is liquid even under high pressure and particularly suitable for reduction of residual monomer.
Applications of TBHP-70-AQ:
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide is used as an initiator for radical polymerization and in various oxidation process such as sharpless epoxidation.
TBHP-70-AQ is involved in osmium catalyzed vicinal hydroxylation of olefins under alkaline conditions.
Furthermore, TBHP-70-AQ is used in catalytic asymmetric oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides using binaphthol as a chiral auxiliary and in the oxidation of dibenzothiophenes.
TBHP-70-AQ plays an important role for the introduction of peroxy groups in organic synthesis.
Solubility of TBHP-70-AQ:
Miscible with water and diethyl ether.
Notes about TBHP-70-AQ:
Light sensitive.
Store in cool place.
Incompatible with powdered metals, strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, alkalis and heavy metals.
Concentration or Composition (by Analyte or Components) 70% aq. soln.
Density: 0.937
Melting Point: -3°C
Boiling Point: 96°C (decomposition)
Flash Point: 43°C (109°F)
Assay Percent Range: 70% Aqueous Solution
Linear Formula: (CH3)3COOH
UN Number: UN3109
Beilstein: 1098280
Merck Index: 14,1570
Refractive Index: 1.387
Quantity: 100mL
Solubility Information: Miscible with water and diethyl ether.
Formula Weight: 90.12
Chemical Name or Material: tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
Technical Data about TBHP-70-AQ:
Appearance: colourless liquid
Desensitising agent: water
Assay ca.: 70 % w/w
Active oxygen (AO) ca.: 12.5 % w/w
Density at 20 °C ca.: 0.93 g/cm3
Viscosity at 20 °C ca.: 4.1 mPa.s
Refractive index at 20 °C ca.: 1.387
Aqueous phase at 25 °C max.: 0.7 % v/v
Critical temperature (SADT) ca.: 80 °C
Cold storage stability freezing point below ca.: 0 °C
Recommended storage temperature: 2 °C to 35 °C
Storage stability as from date of delivery: 12 months
CAS No.: 75-91-2
Chemical Name: tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
Synonyms: TBHP;Tbhp-70;T-Hydro;USP -800;cadoxtbh;Trigonox;tertiary-;Cadox TBH;perbutylh;T-HYDRO(R)
CBNumber: CB3854248
Molecular Formula: C4H10O2
Synonyms: tert-butyl hydroperoxide 70% aqueous solution, tert- butyl hydroperoxide, tert -butyl hydroperoxide
Analogs: Trigonox A-B70, Trigonox A-W70, Luperox TVN 70 X, Luperox TBH 70 X
CAS-No: 75-91-2
molecular weight: C4H10O2 = 90.1
Description of TBHP-70-AQ:
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is an organic peroxide widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.
Chemical Properties of TBHP-70-AQ:
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a water-white liquid commonly commercially available as a 70% solution in water; 80% solutions are also available.
TBHP-70-AQ is used to initiate polymerization reactions and in organic syntheses to introduce peroxy groups into the molecule.
TBHP-70-AQ vapor can burn in the absence of air and may be flammable at either elevated temperature or at reduced pressure.
Fine mist/spray may be combustible at temperatures below the normal flash point.
When evaporated, the residual liquid will concentrate TBHP content and may reach an explosive concentration (＞90%).
Closed containers may generate internal pressure through the degradation of TBHP to oxygen .
TBHP is a highly reactive product.
The three types of significant physical hazards are flammability, thermal, and decomposition due to contamination.
To minimize these hazards, avoid exposure to heat, fire, or any condition that will concentrate the liquid material.
Store away from heat, sparks, open flames, foreign contaminants, combustibles, and reducing agents. Inspect containers frequently to identify bulges or leaks (7a, 125).
General Description of TBHP-70-AQ:
Watery odorless colorless liquid.
Floats and mixes slowly with water.
Air & Water Reactions of TBHP-70-AQ:
Water soluble.
Reactivity Profile of TBHP-70-AQ:
Most alkyl monohydroperoxides are liquid.
The explosivity of the lower members (e.g., methyl hydroperoxide, or possibly, traces of the dialkyl peroxides) decreasing with increasing chain length and branching.
Though relatively stable, explosions have been caused by distillation to dryness or attempted distillation at atmospheric pressure.
Soluble: In alcohol, ethers, olefins, organic solvents and NaOH solution.
Recommended storage temperature: 5 – 35 C
Purification Methods of TBHP-70-AQ:
Care should be taken when handling this peroxide because of the possibility of EXPLOSION.
TBHP-70-AQ explodes when heated over an open flame.
Alcoholic and volatile impurities can be removed by prolonged refluxing at 40o under reduced pressure, or by steam distillation.
For example, Bartlett, Benzing and Pincock refluxed at 30mm pressure in an azeotropic separation apparatus until two phases no longer separated, and then distilled at 41o/23mm.
Pure material is stored under N2, in the dark at 0o.
Crude commercial material has been added to 25% NaOH below 30o, and the crystals of the sodium salt have been collected, washed twice with *benzene and dissolved in distilled water.
After adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.5 by adding solid CO2, the peroxide is extracted into pet ether, from which, after drying with K2CO3, it is recovered by distilling off the solvent under reduced pressure at room temperature.
The temperatures should be kept below 75o .
TBHP-70-AQ has also been distilled through a helices packed column (ca 15 plates) and the material with b 34-35o/20mm was collected.
Similarly, a solution in pet ether has been extracted with cold aqueous NaOH, and the hydroperoxide has been regenerated by adding at 0o, KHSO4 at a pH not higher than 4.5, then extracted into diethyl ether, dried with MgSO4, filtered and the ether evaporated in a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure.
A 3M solution of TBHP in CH2Cl2 is prepared by swirling 85mL (0.61mol) of commercial TBHP (70% TBHP-30% H2O, d 0.935 ca 7.2mmol/mL) with 140mL of CH2Cl2 in a separating funnel.
The milky mixture is allowed to stand until the phases separate (ca 30minutes).
The organic (lower) layer (ca 200mL) containing 0.60mole of TBHP is separated from the aqueous layer (ca 21mL) and used without further drying.
TBHP is assayed by iodometric titration.
With 90% grade TBHP (w/w, d 0.90, ca 9.0mmole/mL) no separation of layers occurs, i.e. when TBHP (66.67mL, 0.60mole) is added to CH2Cl2 (140mL) the resulting solution (ca 200mL) should be clear.
The versatile application of different functional groups such as alcohols (1° and 2°), alkyl arenes, and (aryl)olefins to construct carbon-oxygen bond via oxidation is an area of intense research.
Here, we report a reusable heterogeneous V2O5@TiO2 catalyzed selective oxidation of various functionalities utilizing different mild and eco-compatible oxidants under greener reaction conditions.
The method was successfully applied for the alcohol oxidation, oxidative scission of styrenes, and benzylic C−H oxidation to their corresponding aldehydes and ketones.
The utilization of mild and eco-friendly oxidizing reagents such as K2S2O8, H2O2 (30 % aq.), TBHP (70 % aq.), broad substrate scope, gram-scale synthesis, and catalyst recyclability are notable features of the developed protocol.
Melting point: -2.8 °C
Boiling point: 37 °C (15 mmHg)
Density: 0.937 g/mL at 20 °C
vapor pressure: 62 mmHg at 45 °C
refractive index: n20/D 1.403
Flash point: 85 °F
storage temp.: 2-8°C
pkapK1: 12.80 (25°C)
form: Liquid
color: Clear colorless
Water Solubility: Miscible
Merck: 14,1570
BRN: 1098280
Exposure limits of TBHP-70-AQ:
No exposure limit is set.
On the basis of its irritant properties a ceiling limit of 1.2 mg/m3 (0.3 ppm) is recommended.
Stability of TBHP-70-AQ:
Stable, but may explode if heated under confinement.
Decomposition may be accelerated by traces of metals, molecular sieve or other contaminants.
Incompatible with reducing agents, combustible material, acids.
InChIKey: CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Hydroperoxide, T-butyl
Hydroperoxide, Tert-butyl
T Butyl Hydroperoxide
T Butylhydroperoxide
T-butyl Hydroperoxide
T-butylhydroperoxide
Tert Butyl Hydroperoxide
Tert Butylhydroperoxide
Tert-butylhydroperoxide
Tertiary Butylhydroperoxide