SODIUM ALKANE SULFONATE
SODIUM ALKANE SULFONATE
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate = SAS
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate (SAS) is an anionic surfactant, also called paraffine sulfonate.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate was synthesized for the first time in 1940 and has been used as surfactant since the 1960ies.
SAS is one of the major anionic surfactants used in the market of dishwashing, laundry and cleaning products.
Sodium alkyl sulfates (SAS) are water-soluble salts that act as detergents or wetting agents.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate uses:
Sodium alkyl sulfates can be used in detergents, dish washing liquids, shower gels, shampoos, hair conditioners and fabric softeners.
SAS can be used as fire extinguishing agent, because Secondary Alkane Sulfonate is not flammable.
In the cosmetic industry Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is used as an emulsifier to mix oily and water-soluble compounds for toothpaste or moisturising products.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is a type of detergent, used to clean dishes and kitchenware.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can also be employed as a cleaning agent for work surfaces and other hard materials.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is mainly sourced from sulfisocyanates, which are synthesized by reacting sulfur with acyl chlorides or alcohols, which yield sodium salt (or potassium salts) of the desired sulfonyl chloride or alkanesulfonic acid.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can be used to produce many other related chemicals and substances, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (a detergent), sodium lauryl ether sulfate (detergent), and nonylphenol polyethoxylates(surfactants).
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is also used in the manufacturing of other substances, such as rubber goods and plastics.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can be found in many household cleaners because Sodium Alkane Sulfonate dissolves greasy dirt on metal surfaces or dishes easily.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can be applied to hard water stains that are present on marble products or granite counters, without any difficulty.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate offers a multitude of benefits when compared with soap due to its ability to remove oil-based soil deposits from various types of materials: for instance, clothes and worktops have been proven cleaner after using this type of detergent than before application (due to dishwashing).
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate properties
Sodium alkyl sulfate are members of alkyl sulfates.
They are mixture of different alkyls as the term implies, e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate.
They are colorless or white powders or viscos liquids, which smell of detergent.
Some samples appear yellowish.
They are water-soluble and can form soap bubbles.
The chemical formula of Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is CnH2n+1OSO2ONa.
The CAS Number is 68955-19-1.
SAS decomposes with boiling, hydrolyzing at 50 degree C.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate uses
-Biodegradable detergent intermediate.
-Definition
-The sodium salt of an alkane sulfonic acid of lin- ear paraffins having chain lengths of 14–18 carbon atoms.
-Dish Washing Liquids
-Household Detergents and Cleaners
-Industrial Cleaners
-Personal Care Products
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is applied to textile surfaces with machine agitation (in the case of concentrated products) or hand rubbing (with diluted products).
The fabric surface should be completely wetted before the application of detergent; Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can also be sprayed on using an atomizing nozzle, which will cause better distribution over the material’s surface area.
Industrial grade sodium alkanesulfonate may have a high viscosity that needs low shear rates for mixing with water, but Sodium Alkane Sulfonate will not be diluted with water.
Sodium alkane sulfonates (C9, C8, C7, and C6) in micellar solution have been used to enhance the rate of reaction between Niaq2+ and the bidentate ligand pyridine-2-azo-p-dimethylaniline (pada) at 298.2 K.
A Berezin-like model has been used to account for the observed kinetic constants in terms of the binding constants of each of the reagents to the micelles and the reaction volume and the concentration of the micellar surfactant.
For a given chain length, the alkanesulfonates are about 25 % less effective than alkyl sulfates in promoting the rate of reaction and the model accounts for this successfully.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate (SAS) which are used as raw materials for textile processing chemicals, leather auxiliaries, detergents and cleaning products, as anionic emulsifier for emulsions polymerisations and as antistatic agent for plastic materials.
Most of the European consumption of SAS is in household cleaning.
The far most important use of Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is in dishwashing liquids, other minor applications are laundry detergents, household cleaners, cosmetics hair and body care products, industrial cleaners and special technical sectors
Dish Washing Liquids:
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is a major component of dishwashing liquid.
Sodium Alkylbenzenesulfonates are an important class in the detergent industry, and their use has increased over time due to regulatory pressures on phosphorous emissions from phosphate esters that have been used as builders.
Dishwashing liquids with high levels of surfactant (SAS) content have been found to be more effective in removing food and organic residue from dishes than those with low SAS levels.
Recently, many dishwashing liquids are high in SLS which is a surfactant that works well for grease-cutting properties while not being as harsh on hands or skin types sensitive to it.
Household Detergents & Cleaners:
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is used in household detergents & cleaners as a surfactant.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate controls foam and helps dissolve dirt on surfaces by reducing the surface tension between water droplets by forming an emulsion that can be spread or scrubbed into a material such as soiled clothes or dishes.
In addition, Sodium Alkane Sulfonate also prevents materials from “rebounding” when being washed.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate using applications summary
Most of the European consumption of Alkane sulfonate is in household cleaning.
The far most important use of Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is in dishwashing liquids, other minor applications are laundry detergents, household cleaners, cosmetics hair and body care products, industrial cleaners and special technical sectors
Industrial Cleaners:
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is one of the major ingredients in industrial cleaners.
In fact, Sodium Alkane Sulfonate comprises over 50% of these products worldwide.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate has a variety of applications like degreasing metals and removing oils from oily surfaces on machinery or tools.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonates are also used as corrosion inhibitors for metal pipes that come into contact with water.
Personal Care Products:
Personal care products that contain Sodium Alkane Sulfonate include shampoos, conditioners, body washes, bubble baths, and hand soaps.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is an ingredient used in personal care products to create foam, which makes it easier for consumers to rinse their hair and skin.
Some of the most popular shampoo brands that contain Sodium Alkane Sulfonate are Head & Shoulders, Dove, and Ivory Snow.
In Europe alone, approximately 50% of shampoos available on store shelves containing Sodium Alkane Sulfonate because they have traditionally been found more effective at producing rich suds than other detergent ingredients such as sodium lauryl sulfates (SLES) or cocamidopropyl betaine.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate in personal care products is also used to create a milder and less irritating formula.
As SAS is a sodium salt, a very high boiling point can be expected and was therefore not measured.
In addition, the vapour pressure of Sodium Alkane Sulfonate at room temperature is so low that it could not be experimentally determined; instead, it was estimated for 16C-SAS.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is a high quality, light coloured, aqueous solution of primary alkane sulfonate; Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is a low foaming, biodegradable anionic surfactant with excellent coupling properties.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate provides good wetting and hydrotropic properties as well as stability over a wide pH range.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate offers versatility in formulating industrial and institutional cleaners due to its excellent solubility in highly acidic and alkaline systems as well as good compatibility with detergent builders and bleach.
CAS: 85409-29-6
The main purpose:
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is mainly used as textile, printing and dyeing auxiliaries, liquid detergents, emulsifiers for the polymerization of vinyl chloride.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate used as anionic surfactant, can also be used as detergent, lubricant, foaming agent.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is used as an antirust additive, emulsifier, has quite resistance to salt water impregnation and quite good oil solubility.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate has good antirust performance on ferrous metals and brass, and can be used as a help for many polar substances in oil Solvent.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate has a strong conversion ability to sweat and water. It is used in combination with other anti-rust additives.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is often used for cleaning between processes and anti-rust oil, anti-rust grease, cutting fluid.
Non-industrial Grade:
Non-industrial Grade Sodium is a powder that is mixed with water to generate a solution.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can be used in many applications where the pH of the wash liquor needs to be neutralized and it has been found helpful for some textile-surface soils which are difficult or impossible to remove by other means.
Non-industrial grade sodium alkanesulfonate also finds application as an antiseptic, disinfectant, deodorizer, and cleaner agent.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate’s most often applied onto surfaces using a sprayer with dilute solutions for handwashing dishes (e.g., dishwashing liquids) or through pipes at sanitary sewers/septic tanks during treatment processes prior to release into rivers, oceans, etc.
SYNONYM:
Sodium C14-18 alkane sulfonate
Paraffin (C14-C18) sulfonate, sodium salt
SAS; Secondary alkane sulfonate
Sodium alkane (C14-C18) sulfonate
Sulfonic acid, C14-18-alkane, sodium salts
The content of primary alkane sulfonates is < 1 %.
The sulfoxidation in the presence of UV light and water results in a mixture of about 90 % mono- and 10 % disulfonic acids, which contribute favourably to the well-balanced application properties.
The paraffin cut used for the sulfoxidation ensures a product characterised by optimum foaming, wetting, emulsifying, washing and cleaning performance.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate composition guarantees good solubility, strong surfactant properties and high chemical stability at high and low pH values.
The commercial SAS consists of many individual components.
The present risk assessment adopts a category approach, i.e., considers the fate and effects of the SAS mixture as described above, rather than of each isomer and homologue separately.
Consequently, calculated values of SAS properties refer to the average carbon chain length of about 16.
FORMULA: CH3(CH2)mCH(CH2)nCH3(SO3)Na, m n 11-15
NOTES: Sodium C14-18 alkane sulfonate uses and applications include: Surfactant for light-duty liquid cleaners, dishwashing detergents
CLASS: Specialty Chemicals
FUNCTIONS: Surfactant
INDUSTRY: Detergent, Cleaners
Storage
If correctly stored and kept in the original sealed package, the shelf life is at least 2 years.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is sensitive to moisture and must therefore always be kept in its tightly sealed original container in a cool, dry place protected from light.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate tends to separate and should be homogenized during storage regularly and before use.
To avoid turbidity and separation, Sodium Alkane Sulfonate should not be stored at temperatures below 20°C.
Chemical properties of Sodium Alkane Sulfonate:
Anionic surfactant.
The molecular structure has a strong hydrophilic sulfonic acid group and a hydrocarbon group, which has strong surface activity and good low-temperature water solubility.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate contains 32% actives at 20 ℃, cloud point (at 25%) 3 ℃, and surface tension (1 %) 31mN / m at 25 ° C, wetting power of 0.1% aqueous solution is 8s at 20 ° C and 4s at 50 ° C.
Stable in alkaline, neutral, weakly acidic solutions, insensitive to hard water.
With water-absorbing deliquescence, the amount of powder detergent should not be too much.
C14-C17 alkanes containing> 98% n-alkanes and an appropriate amount of water are passed through a mixed gas of SO2 and O2 at a pressure of 0.1 MPa under ultraviolet light irradiation in the reactor.
The molecular ratio of SO2 and O2 is 2: 1, at 30 ° Sulfur oxidation reaction is carried out at the temperature, and Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is obtained after separation.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate packaging
Road tanker: H68; H40; H30
Plastic tank, contains 1000 kg: H40; H30
Big bag, variable: H95
Plastic drum: H40(120 kg); H30(120 kg)
Plastic bag, contains 20 kg: H95
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate product description:
Secondary Alkane Sulfonates (SAS) which are used as raw materials for textile processing chemicals, leather auxiliaries, detergents and cleaning products, as anionic emulsifier for emulsions polymerisations and as antistatic agent for plastic materials.
The surfactants contained in the product comply with the conditions, particularities and limits regarding biodegradability specified in Regulation (EC) No. 648/2004 and its annexes.
Information on the use of Sodium Alkane Sulfonate in applications in contact with food is available on request.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate applications:
Raw material for detergents, wetting agents textile processing chemicals and leather auxiliaries
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can be used as an anionic surfactant for the production of particularly liquid and highlyconcentrated paste-like detergents and wetting agents for the textile and leather industry as well as of alkaline and acid industrial cleansers, disinfectant cleansers, and house hold detergents and cleaning agents.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate is comparatively stable against acids, alkali, and electrolytes.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate benefits
Strong grease removal
Excellent wetting & emulsification properties
Good particle soil removal
High tolerance towards hard water
Stability over a wide pH range and high compatibility with enzymes, electrolytes and oxidizing agents, like chlorine
Viscosity depressing action
Benzene and ethylene oxide free
Good skin compatibility
Low aquatic toxicity with low impact on the environment
Liquid detergent containing secondary alkane sulfonate and cationic surfactants
The invention relates to liquid laundry detergents and cleaners for textiles containing secondary alkanesulfonate and one or more cationic surfactants.
In addition to the washing powders, liquid detergents are very important today
Detergents for textiles. Liquid detergents contain surfactants as their main constituent.
As a rule, several surfactants are used simultaneously in modern detergents.
The combination of anionic and nonionic has proven to be useful here
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate surfactants.
Usually anionic surfactants are linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS), fatty alcohol sulfates (FAS), secondary alkane sulfonates (SAS) and, in part, also Fatty alcohol ether sulfates (FAES) used.
Come as nonionic surfactants Ethoxylates of long-chain synthetic alcohols, e.g. the oxo alcohols, or of native fatty alcohols used.
As further essential ingredients, builders such as e.g. Polycarboxylates and solubilizers such as e.g. Ethanol, glycerine or propanediol.
In addition, additive ingredients which are generally grouped together under the term washing assistants and contain the substance groups which are as diverse as foam regulators, grayness inhibitors, soil release polymers, enzymes, optical brighteners, Color transfer inhibitors and dye fixatives.
For laundry care, so-called fabric softeners or laundry conditioners are used after washing.
These give the laundry a pleasant soft feel, reduce wrinkles and reduce the wear of the laundry, as they reduce the fiber-fiber friction.
These products contain cationic surfactants, essentially quaternary ammonium salts such as so-called ester quats.
Unfortunately, so far, liquid detergents containing anionic surfactants could not be combined with cationic surfactants in order to impart a laundry-conditioning effect to the detergent and thus render the use of a softener superfluous.
The reason for this is the lack of compatibility of the anionic surfactants with the cationic surfactants, which leads to a flocculation, precipitation or phase separation of the components.
A new methodology has been developed for the determination of secondary alkane sulfonates (SAS), an anionic surfactant, in environmental matrices.
Sediment and sludge samples were extracted using pressurized liquid extraction and sonication, whereas wastewater and surface water samples were processed using solid-phase extraction.
Extraction recoveries were acceptable for both aqueous (78–120%) and solid samples (83–100%).
Determination of Alkane sulfonate was carried out by high or ultra performance liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry using ion trap and time-of-flight detectors.
The methodology was applied to samples from Guadalete River (SW Spain), where Alkane sulfonate concentrations below 1 μg L−1 were measured in surface water, and from 72 to 9737 μg kg−1 in sediments.
Differential partitioning was observed for Alkane sulfonate homologues as those having a longer hydrocarbon chain which preferentially sorbed onto particulate matter.
A preliminary environmental risk assessment also showed that Alkane sulfonate measured levels were not harmful to the aquatic community in the sampling area.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate application
Hand dishwashing liquids, all liquid laundry and cleaning agents, especially suited for highly concentrated products and industrial cleaning agents.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate storage
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate can be stored for at least to 2 years in original sealed containers at room temperature under the recommended conditions.
Protect from exposure to cold during transport and storage.
The properties of Sodium Alkane Sulfonate are reversibly altered by exposure to cold.
If Sodium Alkane Sulfonate becomes turbid, thickens or freezes through exposure to cold, thaw slowly at room temperature and afterwards stir briefly.
Substance introduction
Product Name: Sodium Petroleum Sulfonate
Petroleum sodium sulfonate
Another name: sodium alkyl sulfonate, T702 rust inhibitor, sodium petroleum sulfonate T702
English name: sodium alkane sulfonate
Molecular formula: R-SO3Na (R = C14 ～ C18 alkyl)
Structural formula is: RSO3Na, where R is a linear aliphatic alkyl group with an average of 14 to 18 carbon atoms
Solubility: soluble in water to form a translucent liquid, stable to acid and alkali and hard water
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate manufacturing Route
Basically, Sodium Alkane Sulfonate (SAS) can be manufactured by sulfoxidation and sulfochlorination.
The alkane sulfonates produced by sulfochlorination are mainly used for non-detergent technical purposes as they contain undesirable by-products.
SAS manufactured by sulfochlorination are not covered in this HERA risk assessment.
The Sodium Alkane Sulfonates manufactured by sulfoxidation are mainly used in household products and have a low content of undesirable by-products.
They are prepared by reacting n-paraffins with sulfur dioxide and oxygen in the presence of water whilst irradiating with ultraviolet light.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate (SAS) obtained from sulfoxidation are a mixture of closely related isomers and homologues of secondary alkane sulfonate sodium salts.
RH + 2 SO2 + O2 + H2O RSO3H + H2SO4
RSO3H + NaOH RSO3Na + H2O
The industrial sulfoxidation of n-paraffins is a photooxidation in the presence of water carried out in a multi-lamp reactor.
This process does not require any catalyst or solvent.
A gaseous mixture of SO2 and O2 is introduced into the reaction mixture by gas injection.
The mixture of SO2, O2 and n-paraffins is exposed to UV light produced by high-pressure mercury lamps.
The reaction gas is circulated and the reaction liquid is removed at the bottom of the reactor.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate phase which is the lower layer is separated and the upper layer which is the (unreacted) paraffin phase, is cooled and replenished with water.
The unreacted n-paraffins are returned into the reactor again.
After concentration of the product phase under reduced pressure, separation of the sulphuric acid and neutralization of the concentrate with sodium hydroxide solution, the remaining paraffins are removed from the raw product by steam destillation with superheated steam.
The steam distillate is again separated and the paraffins are returned to the reaction mixture.
The remaining product melt is finally distributed into water to achieve commercial aqueous SAS products with 60% or 30% SAS content.
The invention relates to an alkane sulfonic acid or sulfonate composition, which comprises a monosubstituted alkane substituted by one sulfonic acid or sulfonate group and optionally a disubstituted alkane substituted by two sulfonic acid or sulfonate groups, wherein if the composition comprises said disubstituted alkane the molar ratio of the monosubstituted alkane to the disubstituted alkane is equal to or higher than 12:1.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate, the invention relates to a process for treatment of an alkane sulfonic acid or sulfonate composition, wherein substantially all of the disubstituted alkane is removed or the disubstituted alkane is removed to such extent that the molar ratio of the monosubstituted alkane to the disubstituted alkane is increased to a value which is equal to or higher than 12:1.
Sodium Alkane Sulfonate, the invention relates to a method of treating a hydrocarbon containing formation using such composition, containing no or less disubstituted alkane, as surfactant.