Phenytoin
Summary
Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant drug used in the prophylaxis and control of various types of seizures.
Brand Names: Dilantin, Phenytek
Generic Name: Phenytoin
WeightAverage: 252.268
Monoisotopic: 252.089877638
Chemical Formula: C15H12N2O2
Background
Phenytoin is classified as a hydantoin derivative and despite its narrow therapeutic index, it is one of the most commonly used anticonvulsants.12,6,8 Since it’s introduction about 80 years ago, phenytoin has not only been established as an effective anti-epileptic, but has also been investigated for several other indications such as bipolar disorder, retina protection, and wound healing.7,6
Clinicians are advised to initiate therapeutic drug monitoring in patients who require phenytoin since even small deviations from the recommended therapeutic range can lead to suboptimal treatment, or adverse effects.8,10 Both parenteral and oral formulations of phenytoin are available on the market.8