DIETHANOLAMINE
DIETHANOLAMINE
CAS number: 111-42-2
EC number: 203-868-0
PH value: 12.0
Diethanolamine is a member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethanolamine having a N-hydroxyethyl substituent.
Diethanolamine has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite.
Diethanolamine derives from an ethanolamine.
Diethanolamine is used in a number of consumer products, such as shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Diethanolamine is used as surface-active agent in metal-cutting fluids and oils, as a corrosion inhibitor, as a dispersant in agricultural chemical formulations, and as an intermediate in the production of other compounds such as fatty acid condensates of diethanolamine which are extensively used in soaps and cosmetics as emulsifiers, thickeners, wetting agents and detergents (Beyer et al., 1983).
In the cosmetic formulations, the concentration of diethanolamine may range from 1 to 25%.
Diethanolamine (DEA) is a polyfunctional product that is a secondary amine and a diol and acts as a weak base.
Diethanolamine is mostly combined with other substances and converted into a new ingredient that is no longer chemically identical with DEA. This “chemical reaction” leads to a new substance that is very stable and does not easily come apart. Cocamide DEA is one example of such a chemical. It should be noted that DEA and DEA-Derivatives are used in other products besides cosmetics and personal care products. For example, DEA and DEA-derivatives have been approved for several food-related applications, primarily food packaging. As with chemical reactions, there may be unavoidable small amounts of the starting materials carried into the final product. These do not impact on the use and performance of the new ingredients and the levels can be controlled during manufacture. There have been reports in the news and the scientific literature about Diethanolamine and some of the DEA-derivatives and possible health effects.
Diethanolamine is an organic base which has been used as an emulsifying and dispersing agent.
Diethanolamine can also be used as a basic buffer, with optimal pH about pH 9, if titrated with HCl or other acid.
Other uses include: to “scrub” gases, as a chemical intermediate, as humectant or softening agent.
Diethanolamine is a chemical feedstock used in the production of morpholine.
Amides derived from DEA and fatty acids, known as diethanolamides, are amphiphilic.
The reaction of 2-chloro-4,5-diphenyloxazole with DEA gave rise to Ditazole.
The reaction of DEA and Isobutyraldehyde with water removed produces an Oxazolidine.
Diethanolamine similar to triethanolamine (T775580) is used as a surfactant.
Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA or DEOA, is an organic compound with the formula HN(CH2CH2OH)2.
Pure diethanolamine is a white solid at room temperature, but its tendencies to absorb water and to supercool mean Diethanolamine is often encountered as a colorless, viscous liquid.
Diethanolamine is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol.
Like other organic amines, diethanolamine acts as a weak base.
Diethanolamine buffer (10 mM diethanolamine, 0.5 mM MgCl2, pH 9.5) is frequently used in colorimetric assays (ELISA) using p-nitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP, sc-3720) substrate and diethanolamine buffer.
Diethanolamine (5% diethanolamine, pH 11.5) may also be useful for the dissociation of antigen-antibody complexes.
For surface staining of monoclonal antibody-alkaline phosphatase conjugates by flow cytometric analysis, diethanolamine buffer (pH 9.6) has been used with BCIP/NBT (sc-24981) substrate.
Diethanolamine is also used as an absorbent for acid gases and as a chemical intermediate.
Diethanolamine (DEA) and DEA-related ingredients are organic substances that function as emulsifiers to produce foam and bubbles in cosmetics.
Diethanolamine can also be used to adjust a product’s pH.
In discussing the use of DEA and DEA-related ingredients in cosmetics and personal care products, Diethanolamine is important to understand that there are several different substances not just one.
First, DEA itself is rarely used in products.
When Diethanolamine is used, it is added at small levels to make sure the product is not harsh when applied to the skin (adjusts the acidity).
USES OF Diethanolamine:
-Mainly used as CO2, H2S and SO2 and other acidic gas absorbent, non-ionic surfactant, emulsifier, polishing agent, industrial gas purification agent, lubricant.
-Iminodiethanol, also known as diethanolamine, is an intermediate of the herbicide glyphosate.Used as a purifying agent for gas, also used as a raw material for synthetic drugs and organic synthesis.
-Both morpholine and diethanolamine are intermediates that are synthesized organically and are used, for example, in the production of certain optical bleaching agents in the textile industry, the fatty acid salts of morpholine as preservatives, and in the production of the central depressant fulcodine or as solvents.Diethanolamine is used in analytical chemistry as a reagent and as a stationary solution for gas chromatography to selectively retain and separate alcohols, dialcohols, amines, pyridines, quinolines, piperazine, mercaptans, sulfides, and water.
-Diethanolamine is an important corrosion inhibitor, which can be used in boiler water treatment, automobile engine coolant, drilling and cutting oil and other lubricating oil to play a corrosion inhibition effect.
-Diethanolamine is also used as an absorbent to purify acid gas in natural gas.Used as an emulsifier in a variety of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
-In the textile industry as a lubricant, but also as wetting agent and softener and other organic synthetic raw materials.
-Used as acid absorbent, plasticizer, softener and emulsifier in adhesives.
-Diethanolamine is also used as an absorbent for acidic gases (such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, etc.) in petroleum gas, natural gas and other gases.
-Diethanolamine is the raw material of synthetic medicine, pesticide, dye intermediate and surfactant.Used as emulsifier of oils and waxes under acidic conditions, softener of leather and synthetic fibers.
-Diethanolamine is used as thickener and foam improver in shampoo and light detergent.
-Diethanolamine is also used as detergent, lubricant, brightener and engine piston ash remover.
-Diethanolamine is used as complexing agent for silver, cadmium, lead and zinc plating.
-Diethanolamine is used as analytical reagents, acid gas absorbers, softeners and lubricants, and in organic synthesis.
-DEA is used as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor.
-Diethanolamine is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas.
-Diethanolamine is widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and diethanolamine salts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners.
-In oil refineries, a DEA in water solution is commonly used to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour gas.
-Diethanolamine has an advantage over a similar amine, ethanolamine, in that a higher concentration may be used for the same corrosion potential.
-This allows refiners to scrub hydrogen sulfide at a lower circulating amine rate with less overall energy usage.
Diethanolamine also has the potential to be a corrosion inhibitor by means of chemisorption.
To scrub gases as indicated under ethanolamine. Diethanolamine can be used with cracking gases and coal or oil gases which contain carbonyl sulfide that would react with monoethanolamine.
As rubber chemicals intermediate.
In the manufacture of surface active agents used in textile specialties, herbicides, petroleum demulsifiers.
As emulsifier and dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
USAGE AREAS OF Diethanolamine:
-Gas sweetening
-Detergents
-Cleaners
-Concrete admixtures
-Urethane foam catalysts
-Pharmaceuticals
-Personal care products
-Agricultural chemicals
-Photographic emulsions
PHARMACEUTICAL APPLICATIONS OF Diethanolamine:
-Diethanolamine is primarily used in pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent, such as in the preparation of emulsions with fatty acids.
-In cosmetics and pharmaceuticals Diethanolamine is used as a pH adjuster and dispersant.
-Diethanolamine has also been used to form the soluble salts of active compounds, such as iodinated organic acids that are used as contrast media.
-As a stabilizing agent, diethanolamine prevents the discoloration of aqueous formulations containing hexamethylenetetramine-1,3-dichloropropene salts.
-Diethanolamine is also used in cosmetics.
INDUSTRIAL USES OF Diethanolamine:
-Diethanolamine undergoes reactions characteristic of secondary amines and of alcohols.
-Two industrially important reactions of the ethanolamines involve reaction with carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide to yield water soluble salts, and reaction with long chain fatty acids to form neutral ethanolamine soaps (Mullins 1978).
-Substituted ethanolamine compounds, such as soaps, are used extensively as emulsifiers, thickeners, wetting agents, and detergents in cosmetic formulations (including skin cleaners, creams, and lotions) (Beyer et al 1983).
-Diethanolamine is used as a dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals, as an absorbent for acidic gases (hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide), as a humectant, as an intermediate in the synthesis of morpholine, as a surface-active agent in cutting fluids, as a corrosion inhibitor, as a component in textile specialty agents, and as a secondary vulcanization accelerator in the rubber industry.
-Diethanolamine is also used in cleaners and pharmaceutical ointments, in polyurethane formulations, in herbicides, and in a variety of organic syntheses (Beyer et al 1983; Mullins 1978; Windholz 1983). Diethanolamine is permitted in articles intended for use in the production, processing, or packaging of food (CFR 1981), and is permitted as a secondary direct food additive from use in delinting cottonseed in the production of cottonseed oil or meal cake (Fed. Reg. 1982).
-Because of the wide industrial and consumer uses, large amounts of this chemical are discharged into water and sewage in an unaltered form.
BENEFITS OF Diethanolamine:
-Unique reactions
-Versatile
-Broad spectrum of applications
-Act as amines or alcohols
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF Diethanolamine:
Material state: Liquid
Melting point: 28 ℃
Color: clear
Odor: slight ammonia smell
PH value: 12.0 (0.1M)
Boiling point/boiling point range: 269℃
Solubility: soluble in water
Solvent: alcohol, acetone, chloroform, ether
Flash point: ℉ / 134 ℃
Test method: ○pen the cup, Close the cup
Vapor pressure: <0.01mmHg
Specific gravity: 1.09 (20 ℃)
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF Diethanolamine:
-The USP32–NF27 describes diethanolamine as a mixture of ethanolamines consisting largely of diethanolamine.
-At about room temperature Diethanolamine is a white, deliquescent solid.
-Above room temperature diethanolamine is a clear, viscous liquid with a mildly ammoniacal odor.
-In the cosmetic formulations, the concentration of diethanolamine may range from 1 to 25%.
AGROCHEMICALS:
-Combining the properties of amines and alcohols in one molecule, Diethanolamine is used as a building block, and for ph-neutralisation as well as a dilution agent.
-As an amine, Diethanolamine is mildly alkaline and reacts with acids to form salts or soaps.
-As an alcohol diethanolamine can can be transformed to ethers and esters.
-Diethanolamine is miscible with water, most alcohols and polyols.
COATINGS:
Diethanolamine is both an amine and a diol, and as such Diethanolamine is used in the production of corresponding polymer technologies.
STABILITY AND REACTIVITY:
-Stability: Stable
-Conditions to avoid: air, light, moisture, and temperatures above 137°C.
-Oxidizing agent: rapid oxidation and intense reaction.
Skin contact:
-Wear impermeable gloves when necessary to avoid touching the chemical.
-Rinse the contaminated parts gently with warm water for 20-30 minutes.
-If the irritation persists, do not stop after repeated washing. If necessary, the ambulance is ready to rescue.
-Take off contaminated clothes, shoes and leather accessories in the flushing water.
-Seek medical attention immediately.
-Contaminated clothing, shoes and leather accessories must be completely decontaminated before use or discard.
Eye contact:
-Wear impermeable gloves when necessary to avoid touching the chemical.
-Immediately open the eyelids and rinse the contaminated eyes with gentle flowing warm water for 20 minutes.
-Use normal saline to rinse when possible, and do not interrupt the rinse.
-Avoid washing water into unaffected eyes.
-If the irritation persists, rinse repeatedly.
-Seek medical attention immediately.
DISPOSAL:
This substance is a corrosive substance. Engineering control should be operated and personal protective equipment should be used during disposal; staff should be properly trained in the dangers of related substances and safe use.
STORE:
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place that cannot be directly exposed to sunlight, away from heat, ignition sources and incompatible materials.
Incompatible products: oxidants, strong acids and strong bases.
SYNONYM:
2,2′-Iminodiethanol
Diolamine
Iminodiethanol
2,2′-Dihydroxydiethylamine
Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
Diethylolamine
Ethanol, 2,2′-iminobis-
N,N-Diethanolamine
Diethanolamin
2,2′-Iminobisethanol
2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)ethanol
Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine
1,1-dideuterio-2-[(2,2-dideuterio-2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol
2,2′-Iminobisethanol
2,2′-Iminodiethanol
2,2′-iminodiethanol
2,2′-iminodiethanol
2,2′-iminodiethanol (diethanolamin)
2,2′-iminodiethanol/Diethanolamine
2,2-iminodiethanol
2,2-iminodiethanol
2,2′-Dihydroxydiethylamine
2,2′-Iminobis[ethanol]
2,2′-Iminodi-1-ethanol
2,2′-Iminodiethanol
2,2′-iminodiethanol
2-[(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol
Bis(2-hydroxyethol)amine
Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
Bis(hydroxyethyl)amine