DIBUTYL PHTHALATE

DIBUTYL PHTHALATE

DIBUTYL PHTHALATE

Dibutyl phthalate = DBP

CAS Number: 84-74-2
EC Number: 201-557-4
Chemical formula: C16H22O4
Molar mass: 278.348 g·mol−1

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is most commonly used as a plasticizer in a variety of household products.
Dibutyl phthalate has the ability to leach and evaporate into the environment while using or disposing of these products.
Studies have also indicated that exposure to high doses of DBP may interfere with progesterone and estradiol production.
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is an organic compound which is commonly used as a plasticizer because of Dibutyl phthalates low toxicity and wide liquid range.
With the chemical formula C6H4(CO2C4H9)2, Dibutyl phthalate is a colorless oil, although commercial samples are often yellow.

Production and use
DBP is produced by the reaction of n-butanol with phthalic anhydride.
DBP is an important plasticizer that enhances the utility of some major engineering plastics, such as PVC.
Such modified PVC is widely used in plumbing for carrying sewerage and other corrosive materials.
Dibutyl phthalate is used to help make plastics soft and flexible.
Dibutyl phthalate is used in shower curtains, raincoats, food wraps, bowls, car interiors, vinyl fabrics, floor tiles, and other products.

Dibutyl phthalate Using in Cosmetics
Dibutyl phthalate (pronounced thal-ate), or DBP, is used mainly in nail products as a solvent for dyes and as a plasticizer that prevents nail polishes from becoming brittle.
Phthalates are also used as fragrance ingredients in many other cosmetics, but consumers won’t find these listed on the label.
Fragrance recipes are considered trade secrets, so manufacturers are not required to disclose fragrance chemicals in the list of ingredients.
DBP is also commonly used in polyvinyl chloride plastic (PVC) to render Dibutyl phthalate flexible.

USE
The largest usage of DBP in general is as a plasticizers in resins and polymers such as polyvinyl chloride.
Plasticizers are materials incorporated into a plastic in order to increase Dibutyl phthalates workability and distendability.
DBP is further used in printing inks, adhesives, sealants/grouting agents, nitrocellulose paints, film coatings and glass fibres.
The ubiquity of DBP in consumer products is demonstrated by Dibutyl phthalates wide usage in cosmetics: a perfume solvent and fixative, a suspension agent for solids in aerosols, a lubricant for aerosol valves, an antifoamer, a skin emollient and a plasticizer in nail polish and fingernail elongators.

Degradation
Hydrolysis of DBP leads to phthalic acid and 1-butanol.
Monobutyl phthalate (MBP) is its major metabolite.

Biodegradation
Biodegradation by microorganisms represents one route for remediation of DBP.
For example, Enterobacter species can biodegrade municipal solid waste—where the DBP concentration can be observed at 1500 ppm—with a half-life of 2–3 hours.
In contrast, the same species can break down 100% of dimethyl phthalate after a span of six days.
The white rot fungus Polyporus brumalis degrades DBP.
DBP is leached from landfills.

Physical properties relevant to biodegradation
As reflected by its octanol-water partition coefficient of around 4, Dibutyl phthalate is lipophilic, which means that Dibutyl phthalate is not readily mobilized (dissolved by) water.
Nonetheless dissolved organic compounds (DOC) increase its mobility in landfills.
DBP has a low vapor pressure of 2.67 x 10−3 Pa.
Thus DBP does not evaporate readily (hence its utility as a plasticizer).
The Henry’s Law constant is 8.83 x 10−7 atm-m3/mol.

Preferred IUPAC name
Dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate

Physical Properties
Dibutyl phthalate is an odorless and colorless to faint yellow oily liquid.
The chemical formula for dibutyl phthalate is C16H22O4, and the molecular weight is 278.35 g/mol.
The vapor pressure for dibutyl phthalate is 1.0 × 10-5 mm of Hg at 25 °C, and it has a log octanol/waterpartition coefficient (log Kow) of 5.60.
Dibutyl phthalate is also known as di-n-butyl phthalate.

Other names
Dibutyl phthalate
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Butyl phthalate
n-Butyl phthalate
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
DBP
Palatinol C
Elaol
Dibutyl 1,2-benzene-dicarboxylate

Legislation
DBP is also a putative endocrine disruptor.

European Union
The use of this substance in cosmetics, including nail polishes, is banned in the European Union under Directive 76/768/EEC 1976.
The use of DBP has been restricted in the European Union for use in children’s toys since 1999.
An EU Risk Assessment has been conducted on DBP and the final outcome has now been published in the EU Official Journal.
To eliminate a potential risk to plants in the vicinity of processing sites and workers through inhalation, measures are to be taken within the framework of the IPPC Directive (96/61/EC) and the Occupational Exposure Directive (98/24/EC) Also includes the 2004 addendum.
Based on urine samples from people of different ages, the European Commission Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER) concluded that total exposures to DBP should be further reduced.
Under European Union Directive 2011/65/EU revision 2015/863, DBP is limited to max 1000 ppm concentration in any homogenous material.

United States
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the six phthalic acid esters found on the Priority Pollutant List, which consists of pollutants regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA).
DBP was added to the California Proposition 65 (1986) list of suspected teratogens in November 2006.
Dibutyl phthalate is a suspected endocrine disruptor.
Dibutyl phthalate was used in many consumer products, e.g., nail polish, but such usages has declined since around 2006.
Dibutyl phthalate was banned in children’s toys, in concentrations of 1000 ppm or greater, under section 108 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA).

What is DBP?
DBP is an oily liquid that belongs to a family of chemicals called phthalates, which are added to some plastics to make them flexible.

DBP is used in various consumer products, including:
Some wire and cable insulation, gloves, tubing, garden hoses, shoes, and personal care products, including some perfumes and other products containing fragrances, and nail polishes.
California law prohibits the manufacture, sale, or distribution of children’s toys and child care articles containing DBP at levels greater than 0.1%.
Federal law has a similar prohibition.

How does exposure to DBP occur?
DBP can be absorbed into the body through contact with DBP-containing cosmetics household products and other products.
DBP can be gradually released from consumer products into indoor environments such as homes, schools, daycare centers, and offices.
During pregnancy, DBP can pass from mother to baby.

What is dibutyl phthalate?
Dibutyl phthalate is a synthetically produced chemical used in fragrances as well as a plasticizer and a solvent.
Dibutyl phthalate is oily, odorless, and colorless and Dibutyl phthalate is used to make plastics more flexible as well as to add desirable qualities to insect repellents, hair sprays, and nail polish.

What is products is dibutyl phthalate in?
Dibutyl phthalate is in a variety of personal care products like hair spray, insect repellent, and nail polish.
Dibutyl phthalate is also used in some household cleaning products, plastics, glues, paints, and rocket fule.

How to tell if a product has dibutyl phthalate
Dibutyl phthalate may be listed under a number of different ingredient names including: 1,2 benzenedicarboxylic acid, dbp (ester), dibutyl ester, butyl phthalate, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, DBP, dibutyl ester 1,2-benzendicarboxylic acid, dibutyl phthalates, benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butyl ester, celluflex dpb, di-n-butylphthalate, dibutyl.
Because Dibutyl phthalate’s also used as a fragrance ingredient and fragrances are considered to be “trade secrets“, Dibutyl phthalate can be difficult to know which fragranced products Dibutyl phthalate is in.

dibutyl phthalate
84-74-2
Di-n-butyl phthalate
n-Butyl phthalate
Butyl phthalate
Celluflex DPB
Elaol
Genoplast B
Palatinol C
Polycizer DBP
Unimoll DB
Dibutyl-o-phthalate
Staflex DBP
DIBUTYLPHTHALATE
Hexaplas M/B
Phthalic acid dibutyl ester
Witcizer 300
Dibutyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Ergoplast FDB
dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
Kodaflex DBP
DBP (ester)

Dibutyl phthalate has multiple uses in a variety of materials.
Primary uses for dibutyl phthalate are to soften and increase plastic flexibility, for example, in shower curtains, raincoats, food wraps, and car interiors to name a few.
Dibutyl phthalate has been used in insect repellents and as a solvent for perfume oil and resins.
Dibutyl phthalate can be used as a plasticizer in nitrocellulose lacquers, elastomers, explosives, nail polish, and solid rocket propellants.
Other uses include perfume fixative, textile lubricating agent, safety glass additive, printing inks, and adhesives.

Synonym(s): Phthalic acid dibutyl ester, DBP, n-Butyl phthalate

Linear Formula: C6H4-1,2-[CO2(CH2)3CH3]2
CAS Number: 84-74-2
Molecular Weight: 278.34
Beilstein/REAXYS Number: 1914064
EC Number: 201-557-4
MDL number: MFCD00009441
PubChem Substance ID: 24874456
NACRES: NA.22

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a member of the group of chemicals known as phthalates, which are used around the world as solvents and plasticizers.
Solvents are used to dissolve other substances, whereas plasticizers make substances more pliable.
DBP is a versatile compound that is used in a wide range of products such as plastics, paints, inks and cosmetics.
Dibutyl phthalate’s most commonly used as a plasticizer, though Dibutyl phthalate shows up in many applications, which is why Dibutyl phthalates widespread use has opened up conversation.

DBP does have human health and environmental concerns to be aware of.
There are many types of phthalates, and each has its own properties, uses and effects.
The most commonly studied phthalates are DEHP, DINP, DIDP, BBP and DBP.
These chemicals have been studied extensively, but additional research is still needed.
When working around DBP, risk reduction measures should be established.

Properties of Dibutyl Phthalate:
DBP has the same core structure as phthalates DIDP and DINP, but with two shorter side chains.
The solution is oily and soluble in oil, alcohol, ether, benzene and sometimes water.
The purpose of adding DBP to things like toys and plastics is to make them softer and more flexible.
What makes phthalates unique is that they can be released from the products that contain them, thus getting into the water and air supply.
Additional research is needed to determine the true effects of DBP in the soil and waterways.

Uses for Dibutyl phthalate:
Dibutyl phthalate is used in so many everyday products, we probably all have something in our homes that contain it.
Over 75% of DBP is used as a plasticizer in polymers such as PVC, 14% is used in adhesives, 7% make their way into printing inks and the remaining 3% go into miscellaneous products.

Here is a list of the most common products that DBP is found in:
-Floor and wall coverings
-Furnishings
-Children’s toys
-Car interiors
-Clothing
-Garden hoses
-Cosmetics
-Aerosol valves
-Nail polish

In addition, Dibutyl phthalate can be added to paints and lacquers, adhesives and sealants, printing inks and more in order to improve their workability.
Silver Fern Chemical is a bulk distributor of chemicals such as dibutyl phthalate.
Compare the phthalates that we have available to determine which are most practical and cost-effective for your needs.

ALSO KNOWN AS
Dibutyl phthalate; Di-n-butyl phthalate; Butyl phthalate; n-Butyl phthalate; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; dibutyl ester; o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; dibutyl ester DBP Palatinol ;C Elaol Dibutyl ;1,2-benzene-dicarboxylate

CAS Number: 84-74-2
Beilstein Reference: 1914064
CHEBI:34687
ChEMBL: ChEMBL272485
ChemSpider: 13837319
DrugBank: DB13716
ECHA InfoCard: 100.001.416
EC Number: 201-557-4
Gmelin Reference: 262569
IUPHAR/BPS: 6295
KEGG: C14214
PubChem CID: 3026
RTECS number: TI0875000
UNII: 2286E5R2KE
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID2021781

1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester
N-Butylphthalate
dibutyl-phthalate
Ersoplast FDA
Phthalate, di-n-butyl
Uniflex DBP
Hatcol DBP
Dibutyl o-phthalate
RC Plasticizer DBP
Benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butyl ester
Phthalic acid, dibutyl ester
o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester
RCRA waste number U069
PX 104

What Is Dibutyl phthalate?
Phthalates are a diverse group of materials that make plastics more flexible and are used in a wide variety of products, such as toys, vinyl flooring and wall covering, detergents, lubricating oils, food packaging, pharmaceuticals, blood bags and tubing, and some cosmetic and personal care products.
Because phthalates are widely used in many consumer products, their safety has been extensively researched and reviewed.
Phthalates make up a diverse family of substances each with Dibutyl phthalates own, unique spectrum of properties.
The safety profiles of different phthalates are not all the same, with some possessing undesirable properties while others do not (much in the same way, mushrooms as a family includes both edible nutritious mushrooms and poisonous toadstools).
In the same way, Dibutyl phthalate is quite wrong to consider all phthalates as the same: they are not.

Why is Dibutyl phthalate used in cosmetics and personal care products?
Historically, the phthalates used in cosmetic products have been dibutyl phthalate (DBP), used as a plasticizer in products such as nail polishes to reduce cracking by making them less brittle; dimethyl phthalate (DMP), used in hair sprays to help avoid stiffness by allowing them to form a flexible film on the hair; and diethyl phthalate (DEP), used as a solvent and fixative in fragrances.
DEP can also function as an alcohol denaturant, rendering alcoholic products unfit for oral consumption.
DBP and DMP have been discontinued in cosmetics and personal care products by manufacturers; and according to The Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) analytical survey of cosmetic products, conducted in 2010, DBP and DMP were only rarely detected.
DEP is the only phthalate still periodically used in cosmetics, and Dibutyl phthalates use is very limited; in fact, many personal care product manufacturers are discontinuing Dibutyl phthalates use as an ingredient.
Other phthalates, such as Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), have no history of use in cosmetics and personal care products.

Scientific Facts:
Dimethyl Phthalate, Diethyl Phthalate and Dibutyl Phthalate are prepared by reacting phthalic acid with methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and butyl alcohol, respectively.
These ingredients should not be confused with Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a compound not used in cosmetics and personal care products.

Formula: C16H22O4 / C6H4(COOC4H9)2
Molecular mass: 278.3
Boiling point: 340°C
Melting point: -35°C
Relative density (water = 1): 1.05
Solubility in water, g/100ml at 25°C: 0.001
Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C: <0.01
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 9.58
Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20°C (air = 1): 1.00
Flash point: 157°C c.c.
Auto-ignition temperature: 402°C
Explosive limits, vol% in air: 0.5-~2.5 (at 235°C)
Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: 4.72

Dibutyl phthalate refers to a chemical compound that is organic in nature with the chemical formula C6H4(CO2C4H9)2.
Dibutyl phthalate is primarily used as a key ingredient in the production of plasticizers – a subcomponent of corrosion preventative coatings.

Dibutyl phthalate has an oily consistency and is colorless but sometimes yellow with the use of an external colorant for identification purposes.
Dibutyl phthalate is often industrially applied in the form of a plasticizer in corrosion prevention films and coatings.

Dibutyl phthalate plasticizers provide the following key benefits to a coating:
-Reducing the rigidity of binders
-Improving the coating’s elasticity
-Improving material processing
-Reducing the coating’s cost because only a small concentration is required

Other widespread industry uses of dibutyl phthalate include:
-Adhesives and sealant chemicals
-Intermediates
-Laboratory chemicals
-Solvents (for cleaning and degreasing)

Chemical formula: C16H22O4
Molar mass: 278.348 g·mol−1
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: aromatic
Density: 1.05 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Melting point: −35 °C (−31 °F; 238 K)
Boiling point: 340 °C (644 °F; 613 K)
Solubility in water: 13 mg/L (25 °C)
log P: 4.72
Vapor pressure: 0.00007 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -175.1·10−6 cm3/mol

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is used as an insect repellent, solvent and plasticiser and in the manufacture of explosives and propellants, nail polish and lubricating agents.
Due to Dibutyl phthalates low volatility, vapour saturation occurs at 0.09 ppm (1 mg/m3), at which point the substance forms an aerosol.
Critical effects of exposure are irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract and potential liver damage; prenatal toxicity is established in animals above the irritation threshold.
Developmental effects are reported in rats, with a calculated NOAEL of 1.5 mg/kg and LOAEL of 31.25 mg/kg for abnormal sperm development.
The critical study for recommending a TWA for DBP reports a LOAEC of 1.18 mg/m3 for nasal irritation in rats which has a relatively flat dose-response relationship.
This study is absent from the ACGIH (2018) assessment.
Commensurate with the approach presented in DFG (2013), the LOAEC is halved to account for uncertainty in determining a NOAEL, which affords the recommended TWA of 0.05 ppm (0.58 mg/m3).
At this concentration, Dibutyl phthalate is a vapour and provides additional protection for irritant effects.

ortho-Dibutyl phthalate
Phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester
Di-n-butylorthophthalate
Dibutyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
Dibutylphthatlate
Palatinol DBP
Dibutyl phthalated
NSC 6370
di-n-butyl phthalate (DBuP)
UNII-2286E5R2KE
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-dibutyl ester
Morflex 240
Uniplex 150
Di-n-butylester kyseliny ftalove
CHEBI:34687
MFCD00009441
o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
CHEMBL272485
DTXSID2021781

Description
Dibutyl phthalate is included as an insect repellent in some aerosol sprays used to treat flystrike in sheep.
Dibutyl phthalate is colorless oily liquid with a very weak aromatic odor.

Chemical Properties
Dibutyl phthalate occurs as an odorless, oily, colorless, or very slightly yellow-colored, viscous liquid.

Physical properties
Colorless to pale yellow, oily, viscous liquid with a mild, aromatic odor

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is predominantly used as a plasticizer inplastics to make them flexible.
Extensive use of phthalates in both industrial processes and other consumer products has resulted in the ubiquitous presence of phthalates in the environment.
In order to better determine the level of pollution in the environment and evaluate the potential adverse effects of exposure to DBP, immunoassay for DBP was developed.

Methodology/Principal Findings
A monoclonal antibody specific to DBP was produced from a stable hybridoma cell line generated by lymphocyte hybridoma technique.
An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing direct coating of hapten on polystyrene microtiter plates was established for the detection of DBP.
Polystyrene surface was first oxidized by permanganate in dilute sulfuric acid to generate carboxyl groups.
Then dibutyl 4-aminophthalate, which is an analogue of DBP, was covalently linked to the carboxyl groups of polystyrene surface with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC).
Compared with conjugate coated format (IC50 = 106 ng/mL), the direct hapten coated format (IC50 = 14.6 ng/mL) improved assay sensitivity after careful optimization of assay conditions.
The average recovery of DBP from spiked water sample was 104.4% and the average coefficient of variation was 9.95%. Good agreement of the results obtained by the hapten coated and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry further confirmed the reliability and accuracy of thefor the detection of DBP in certain plastic and cosmetic samples.

Conclusions/Significance
The stable and efficient hybridoma cell line obtained is an unlimited source of sensitive and specific antibody to DBP.
The hapten coated format is proposed as generally applicable because the carboxyl groups on modified microtiter plate surface enables stable immobilization of aminated or hydroxylated hapten with EDC.
The developed hapten coated icELISA can be used as a convenient quantitative tool for the sensitive and accurate monitoring DBP in water, plastic and cosmetic samples.

Uses
Di-n-butyl phthalate has been used as an insect repellant.

Uses
Dibutyl phthalate is used in plasticizers, cosmetics, safety glass, insecticides, printing inks, paper coatings, adhesives, elastomers and explosives; solvent in polysulfide dental impression materials; solvent for perfume oils; perfume fixative; textile lubricating agent; solid rocket propellent; emollient in aerosol antiperspirants; insect repeller; plasticizer in various plastic materials.

Uses
A phthalate metabolite with genotoxic effect.

Uses
Plasticizer; solvent for oil-soluble dyes, insecticides and other organics; antifoam agent; textile fiber lubricant; manometer fluid; fragrance fixative; insect repellent.

Definition
ChEBI: A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol.

Production Methods
Dibutyl phthalate is produced from n-butanol and phthalic anhydride in an ester formation reaction.

General Description
Dibutyl phthalate is a colorless oily liquid. Dibutyl phthalate is insoluble in water.
The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.
Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.
Since Dibutyl phthalate is a liquid Dibutyl phthalate can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams.
Dibutyl phthalate is combustible though Dibutyl phthalate may take some effort to ignite.
Dibutyl phthalate is used in paints and plastics and as a reaction media for chemical reactions.

Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile
Dibutyl phthalate is an ester.
Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids.
Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products.
Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.
Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases.
Will not polymerize.
Can generate electrostatic charges.

Benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid, di-n-butyl ester
2286E5R2KE
Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
1,2-dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
DSSTox_CID_1781
Dibutyl ester of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid
DSSTox_RID_76324
DSSTox_GSID_21781
Phthalate, dibutyl-
butyl 2-(butoxycarbonyl)benzoate
Caswell No. 292
nutyl phthalate
dibutyl phthalate (DBP)
Phthalate, Butyl
CAS-84-74-2
Phthalate, Dibutyl
CCRIS 2676
HSDB 922

CAS: 84-74-2
Formula: C₁₆H₂₂O₄

Synonyms
DBP; dibutyl 1,2-benzene-dicarboxylate; di-n-butyl phthalate; n-butyl phthalate

Uses
Information on the worldwide use of DBP indicates that while Dibutyl phthalate has widespread use as a plasticiser in a variety of industrial applications, significant restrictions have been implemented on Dibutyl phthalates use in toys, childcare articles and cosmetics in Europe and USA.
The information collected by NICNAS identified that, in Australia, DBP is mainly imported in the form of finished products or mixtures.
Dibutyl phthalate is also used industrially as a plasticiser in surface coatings (paints, pigments, floor coatings), in car mat backing, in polymer emulsions for adhesives, in PVC compounds (such as wire cable tubing and footwear), nitrocellular lacquers for automotive refinishes, epoxy sealant, leather paint, galvanised iron primer and texture finishes, screen printing inks and textile wet-processing products.
Consumer uses in Australia include fragrance bases for household, personal care and cosmetic products, with the highest concentrations reported for nail polish (7 %).
DBP is present in exercise balls, hoses, rubber sheets and in children’s toys, including those intended for children aged 0–6 years.

vapor density: 9.6 (vs air)
Quality Level: 200
vapor pressure: 1 mmHg ( 147 °C)
assay: 99%
form: liquid
autoignition temp.: 756 °F
expl. lim.: 0.47 %, 236 °F
impurities:
≤0.005% Acidity (as Phthalic acid)
≤0.15% water
color: APHA: ≤20
refractive index: n20/D 1.492 (lit.)
pH: 7 (20 °C, 10 mg/L)
bp: 340 °C (lit.)
mp: −35 °C (lit.)
density: 1.043 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
SMILES string: CCCCOC(=O)c1ccccc1C(=O)OCCCC
InChI: 1S/C16H22O4/c1-3-5-11-19-15(17)13-9-7-8-10-14(13)16(18)20-12-6-4-2/h7-10H,3-6,11-12H2,1-2H3
InChI key: DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Gene Information: mouse … Esr1(13982)

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a potential endocrine disrupting chemical present in the environment, and designing an adsorbent with its molecular imprints for selective removal is critical for purification of contaminated water and soil.
Here, we report the α-cyclodextrin-based porous polymer with the molecular imprint of DBP that can be used for Dibutyl phthalates selective removal.
Synthesis of the molecularly imprinted polymer involves cross-linking of α-cyclodextrin under the host–guest complexation condition between α-cyclodextrin and DBP, where DBP governs the mutual orientation of cyclodextrin during the polymerization process.
DBP is then removed after polymerization, and the resultant polymer with molecular imprints of DBP exhibit higher binding affinity toward DBP as compared to Dibutyl phthalates nonimprinted counterpart with the imprinting factor of 2.6.
The molecular imprinted poly-cyclodextrin can be used for selective removal of DBP in contaminated water in the presence of its structural analogues.
This approach can be extended for preparation of molecular imprinted polymers for other endocrine disrupting chemicals.

o-benzene dicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
ortho-    benzene dicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butyl ester
benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid, di-n-butyl ester
benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
o-benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-dibutyl ester
1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester
butyl 2-(butoxycarbonyl)benzoate
N-butylphthalate
celluflex DPB
DBP

Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP), Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP), and Diethyl Phthalate (DEP) are dialkyl phthalates used primarily in cosmetics at concentrations of less than 10 percent as plasticizers, solvents, and perfume fixatives.
These phthalates are rapidly absorbed, metabolized, and excreted.
Acute animal feeding studies indicate that these ingredients are nontoxic.
The results of most subchronic and chronic tests indicate that these ingredients are relatively nontoxic to rats.
The oral administration of DBP produced testicular atrophy in various test rodents.
The available data are not adequate to prove that these ingredients are teratogenic agents to experimental animals.

di-butylphthalate
di-n-butyl phthalate
di-n-butylorthophthalate
dibutyl 1,2-benzene dicarboxylate
dibutyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
dibutyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
dibutyl o-phthalate
dibutyl phthalate NF
dibutyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
dibutyl-o-phthalate
dibutylphthatlate
elaol
ergoplast FDB
ergoplast FOB
ersoplast FDA
genoplast B
hatcol DBP
hexaplas m/b
kodaflex DBP
monocizer DBP
palatinol C
phthalic acid, dibutyl ester
polycizer DBP
px 104
staflex DBP
unimoll DB
vestinol C
witcizer 300

This compound is used in plasticizers, cosmetics, safety glass, insecticides, printing inks, paper coatings, adhesives, elastomers and explosives.
Dibutyl phthalate is used as a solvent in polysulfide dental impression materials, in perfume oils, textile lubricating agent and in aerosol antiperspirants.
Dibutyl phthalate can also be found in insect repellers and as in various plastic materials.
Further research may identify additional product or industrial usages of this chemical.

Although DBP (di-n-butyl phthalate) is commonly encountered as an artificially-synthesized plasticizer with potential to impair fertility, we confirm that it can also be biosynthesized as microbial secondary metabolites from naturally occurring filamentous fungi strains cultured either in an artificial medium or natural water.
Using the excreted crude enzyme from the fungi for catalyzing a variety of substrates, we found that the fungal generation of DBP was largely through shikimic acid pathway, which was assembled by phthalic acid with butyl alcohol through esterification.
The DBP production ability of the fungi was primarily influenced by fungal spore density and incubation temperature.
This study indicates an important alternative natural waterborne source of DBP in addition to artificial synthesis, which implied fungal contribution must be highlighted for future source control and risk management of DBP.

Di n Butyl Phthalate
RAPIDCELLtrade markP
Dibutyl phthalate [NF]
SR-05000001549
EINECS 201-557-4
RCRA waste no. U069
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 028001
BRN 1914064
Di-n-butylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech]
Bufa
AI-3-00283
Dibutyll phthalate
Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester
Spectrum_00197
Di(1-butyl) phthalate
SpecPlus_000628
Dibutyl phthalate-[d4]Dibutyl phthalate, 99%
Spectrum3_000874
Spectrum4_000714
Spectrum5_002068
ACMC-209pw7
Epitope ID:138714
EC 201-557-4
WLN: 4OVR BVO2

Dibutyl phthalate is widely used as:
-An additive to printing inks
-A common plasticizer
-An additive to adhesives.

Description
Dibutyl phthalate is a man-made chemical that is added to plastics and other chemicals.
In plastics Dibutyl phthalate helps keep them soft (a plasticizer).
Dibutyl phthalate is also used in elastomers, lacquers, explosives, printing inks, resin solvents, perfume oil solvents, paper coatings, adhesives, and nail polish.
Dibutyl phthalate is used as a solid rocket propellant.

Substance details: Substance name: Dibutyl phthalate
CASR number: 84-74-2
Molecular formula: C16H22O4

Synonyms: DBP; Di-n-Butyl Phthalate; n-Butyl phthalate; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid dibutyl ester; Phthalic acid dibutyl ester; o-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester; benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butyl ester; dibutyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate; Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutylester; Dibutyl o-Phthalate

Physical properties: Dibutyl phthalate is a colourless, oily liquid with a weak odour.
Melting Point: -35°C
Boiling Point: 340°C
Specific Gravity: 1.043
Vapour Density: 9.6
Flashpoint: 171°C
Chemical properties: Dibutyl phthalate is soluble in most organic solvents, but only slightly soluble in water.

Dibutyl phthalate, >=99%
SCHEMBL24051
BSPBio_002547
KBioGR_001267
KBioSS_002541
SPECTRUM330086
MLS002177802
BIDD:ER0641
DivK1c_006724
Phthalic acid, bis-butyl ester
GTPL6295
KBio1_001668
KBio2_002532
KBio2_005100
KBio2_007668
KBio3_002047
NSC6370
Dibutyl phthalate, AR, >=99%
Dibutyl phthalate, LR, >=98%
Dibutyl 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylate
HMS2091E09
HMS3041E18
Pharmakon1600-00330086
BCP24796
HY-Y0304
NSC-6370
ZINC1693431

Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) is synthesized by chemical reaction of phthalic acid with iso-butyl alcohol.
DiBP is a plasticizer with coagulating properties which was used with different polymers, e.g. poly acrylate, poly acetate dispersions, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, polyurethane, and polyvinyl butyrate.
In combination with other plasticizers Dibutyl phthalate was applied as gellant in processing of so-called plastisols.
DiBP is present for instance in floorings, adhesives, lacquers, inks, hydraulic fluids and lubricants.
Dibutyl phthalate was used as marker in fuels for tax purposes and also in the production of titanium catalysers.

Where is dibutylphthalate found?
Dibutylphthalate is a plasticizer.
Dibutyl phthalate is also used as an additive to adhesives and printing inks.
How can you avoid contact with dibutylphthalate?

Avoid products that list any of the following names in the ingredients:
-Dibutyl phthalate APPEARANCE
-Transparent oily liquid

Dibutyl phthalate DESCRIPTION
Is used in paints and plastics and as a reaction media for chemical reactions.

Dibutyl phthalateFUNCTION
Dibutyl Phthalate is used as a solvent in many janitorial products.
Dibutyl phthalates harm to the user is limited because Dibutyl phthalate usually must be eaten in order for the effects to be felt.
However, dibutyl phthalate persists in the environment, and damages the hormone systems of animals.
Dibutyl phthalate is strongly suspected that humans eating these animals will be harmed as well.

Dibutyl phthalate SYNONYMS
Dibutyl Phthalate; Unitate DBP; n-Butyl Phthalate; Phthalic Acid Dibutyl Ester; DBP; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid, Dibutyl Ester; Phthalic Acid, Dibutyl Ester

Dibutyl phthalate STORAGE
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.

-1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester
-4-09-00-03175 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
-AI-3-00283
-BRN 1914064
-Benzene-o-dicarboxylic acid di-nbutyl ester
-Butyl phthalate
-CCRIS 2676
-Caswell No. 292
-Celluflex DPB
-DBP
-DBP (ester)
-Di-n-butyl phthalate
-Di-n-butylester kyseliny ftalove
-Di-n-butylester kyseliny ftalove [Czech]
-Dibutyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate
-Dibutyl phthalate
-Dibutyl-o-phthalate
-EINECS 201-557-4
-EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 28001
-Elaol
-Ergoplast FDB
-Ersoplast FDA
-Genoplast B
-HSDB 922
-Hatcol DBP
-Hexaplas M/B
-Kodaflex DBP
-N-Butylphthalate
-NSC 6370
-PX 104
-Palatinol C
-Phthalate, di-n-butyl
-Phthalate, dibutyl-
-Polycizer DBP
-RC Plasticizer DBP
-RCRA waste number U069
-Staflex DBP
-Uniflex DBP
-Unimoll db
-Witcizer 300
-n-Butyl phthalate
-o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester

What are some products that may contain dibutylphthalate?
-Glues
-Printing Products

What are phthalates?
Phthalates, pronounced THAL-ates, are a group of chemicals primarily used to soften and improve the flexibility and durability of plastics.
Some phthalates are also used as solvents and stabilizers in product formulations including personal care products and cosmetics.

Where are phthalates found?
Phthalates are found in a wide variety of products, including plastics, building materials, cleaning products, insecticides, pharmaceuticals, food packaging, home décor, children’s toys, and personal care products.
There are two major groups of phthalates.

The first contains chemicals that are found in a variety of plastics and PVC-based products including:
-Shower curtains
-Vinyl floors
-PVC mini-blinds
-Furniture
-Soft-sided lunch boxes
-Plastic food wrap and packaging
-Soft plastic food containers
-Medical devices such as intravenous (IV) bags and tubing

Examples of phthalates in this group include:
-Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its main metabolites (breakdown products) mono-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP)
-Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) and its major metabolite mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP)
-Diisononyl phthalate (DiNP)

The second group of phthalates are found in solvents and a number of common products including:
-Cosmetics and personal care products
-Tampons and other feminine hygiene products
-Fragrances in perfumes, personal care products, and many household products
-Hair spray
-Nail polish
-Air fresheners (plug-ins, sprays, and reed diffusers)
-Adhesives
-Paints

Examples of this second group of phthalates compounds include:
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) and its major metabolite mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP)
Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and its major metabolite mono-methyl phthalate (MMP)
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and its major metabolite mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP)
Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) and its major metabolite mono isobutyl phthalate (MiBP)
Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) and its major metabolite mono-benzyl butyl phthalate (MBzP)
Because phthalates are semi-volatile, they can be found in indoor air and dust.
People are exposed to phthalates by inhalation, ingestion, intravenous absorption (resulting from medical injection procedures) and skin absorption.

Dibutyl phthalate, Selectophore(TM)
Tox21_201729
Tox21_300980
ANW-37829
BBL011532
BDBM50371946
NSC755894
SBB060337
STL146650
AKOS005720807
CCG-230933
DB13716
MCULE-8727957434
NSC-755894
NCGC00090769-01
NCGC00090769-02
NCGC00090769-03
NCGC00090769-04
NCGC00090769-05
NCGC00090769-06
NCGC00090769-07
NCGC00090769-08
NCGC00090769-09
NCGC00254882-01
NCGC00259278-01
SMR000777923
SBI-0052568.P002
CS-0013564

Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to soften and improve the flexibility and durability of plastics.
Phthalates are endocrine disruptors, and exposure to phthalates has been linked to breast cancer, developmental issues, decreased fertility, obesity and asthma.
Although some regulations ban phthalates in certain products intended specifically for young children, they are still widely used in many consumer products.

Dibutyl phthalate, ReagentPlus(R), >=99%
FT-0624680
P0292
S5377
ST50406580
Benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid di-n-butylester
C14214
Dibutyl phthalate, SAJ special grade, >=98.0%
Q415612
J-503795
SR-05000001549-1
SR-05000001549-3
Araldite(R) resins(modified epoxy resins),grade 502
BRD-K73477617-001-01-0
BRD-K73477617-001-04-4
Dibutyl phthalate, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard
F0001-2134
Z277540112
Dibutyl phthalate, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
Dibutyl phthalate, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Dibutyl phthalate, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Dibutyl Phthalate, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material