C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE
C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate = Alkyl (C12-15) Benzoate = Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters = C12/15 alcohol + Benzoic Acid Ester
Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is the ester of benzoic acid and C12-15 Alcohols. C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is an emollient ester of low viscosity; non-comedogenic, with light, non-greasy feel.
C12-15 alkyl Benozate is a mixture of benzoic acid esters that consist of benzoic acid and alcohols that have carbon chain lengths from 12 to 15.
CAS Numbers: 68411-27-8
EC/List Numbers:270-112-4
Technical Names:
Alkyl (C12-C15) Benzoate
Benzoic Acid, C12-15 Alkyl Esters
C12-15 Alcohols Benzoate
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate (INCI)
Raw material source: Benzoic acid and C12-15 alcohols
Manufacture: Produced from a reaction of benzoic acid and C12-15 alcohols
Light non-greasy emollient with excellent solvency and spreading properties.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate has an HLB of 12-13.
Recommended topical usage levels of 0.5-5%.
Our C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is high quality ultrafine emollient monoester, developed specially for personal care and pharmaceutical applications.
Exceptionally light, non-greasy emollient. Excellent solvent and solubilizer, glossing agent, binder and wetting agent for pressed powders. Reduces whitening effect in antiperspirants. Skin care products, sunscreens, antiperspirants/deodorants, clear gels, hair styling aids, conditioners and conditioning shampoos.
INCI name
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
Mainly used as an emollient and thickening agent. Many cosmetic products contain this ingredient because it provides a light conditioning and silky after touch to the skin and hair. It’s also been shown to act as an antimicrobial agent and a preservative, particularly in products containing UV absorbers. You may find this ingredient in a variety of cosmetics such as sunscreen, facial moisturizer, anti-aging treatments, shampoo/conditioner, body wash, self tanner, eye cream, foundation and deodorant.
C12-C15 alkyl benzoate is composed of benzoic acid and long chain alcohol (12-15) and is used in many cosmetic products for its emollient and lubricating properties. It also reduces the perception of oil on the skin and increases the spreadability.
INCI name: C12–15 Alkyl Benzoate
C12–15 Alkyl Benzoate is the benzoic ester of C12–15 primary fatty alcohols. C12–15 Alkyl Benzoate is a multifunctional emollient with a very light touch.
C12–15 Alkyl Benzoate is also an excellent solvent for sunscreen filters.
C12–15 Alkyl Benzoate is a highly spreading agent widely used in cosmetic formulations.
Applications: Sunscreen creams & lotions, lipogels, skin care products, lipsticks & eye pencils, oil free lotions & creams,body & massage oils, body oil, hair lacquer, hair conditioners, cleansing lotions, shaving products
The emollient esters market projected to reach USD 226.1 million by 2020.
The increasing use of emollient esters in personal care products has triggered the growth of these esters. These esters have emerged as a better alternative for oil based emollients as their sensorial feel gives them an edge over sticky oil based emollient products.
Description: C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a low-molecular weight ester of benzoic acid and C12-15 alcohols. Clear liquid, practically odorless.
CAS: 68411-27-8
INCI Name: C12-15 alkyl benzoate
Benefits:
Versatile emollient ester suitable for use in skin care, sun care and color cosmetics
Can be used to improve feel, softness and many other textural aspects
Offers excellent emolliency with added pigment-dispersing capabilities
Can be used as an effective solvent for sunscreens
Use: Can be added to formulas as is, add to oil phase. Typical use level 1-30%. For external use only.
Applications: Lotions, creams, sun products, color cosmetics.
Description
C12-15 Alkyl benzoate is used in a wide range of applications for personal care formulation due to its very good proprieties as emollient, solubilizer and lubricant.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is mainly used as an emollient and thickening agent. Many cosmetic products contain this ingredient because it provides a light conditioning and silky after touch to the skin and hair. It’s also been shown to act as an antimicrobial agent and a preservative, particularly in products containing UV absorbers. You may find this ingredient in a variety of cosmetics such as sunscreen, facial moisturizer, anti-aging treatments, shampoo/conditioner, body wash, self tanner, eye cream, foundation and deodorant
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is a liquid, oil-soluble emollient used to give a silky smooth after-feel to your products.
Not only does it help improve the feel of the product, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate helps reduce the ‘greasy’ feeling of products with a high percentage of oil in them.
Molecular Formula: C19H30O2
Molecular Weight: 290.447 g/mol
UNII: N4F51K239A
CAS: 2915-72-2 27615-31-2 68411-27-8
EC Number: 270-112-4 220-837-7
FEMA Number:
Synonyms:
Dodecyl benzoate
Benzoic acid, dodecyl ester
Lauryl benzoate
Alkyl (C12-15) benzoate
Benzoic acid dodecyl ester
Alkyl (C12-15) Benzoate [USAN]
C12-C15 Alkyl Benzoate
Benzoic acid dodecylester
Alkyl (C12-15) benzoate [NF]
Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl ester
Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl esters
C12-15 alkyl benzoate
Categories: Texture Enhancer, Emollients
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a Synthetic ingredient used as an emollient and texture enhancing agent in cosmetics. This common ingredient is soluble in oil and oil-like ingredients, and can impart a lightly conditioning, silky finish to products. Its excellent solubility is one of the main reasons its used in so many sunscreens, as it helps keep the active ingredients dispersed throughout the formula.
SYNONYMs: Alkyl (C12-15) benzoate; Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl esters; C12-15 alcohol benzoate; C12-15 alcohols benzoate; Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters; Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl esters
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a naturally occurring ester of benzoic acid and is created from a reaction of Benzoic Acid and and C12-15 Alcohols. Benzoic acid is a white crystalline acid found naturally in benzoin, cranberries, and coconut oil. Animal fat, vegetable oils and butters are all esters with the biggest difference being the melting point of the mixture of esters.
This oil soluble light emollient is suitable for use in a variety of products, including shampoos, body wash and body oils, and can help lotions and creams feel less greasy. C12-15 alkyl benzoate is an incredible emollient, which helps to soften and smooth the skin. This common ingredient is soluble in oil and oil-like ingredients, and can impart a lightly conditioning, silky finish to products.
USES FOR ALKYL BENZOATE C12-15 INCLUDE (BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO):
Face creams
Body Washes
Facial moisturisers
Cleansers
Lip Gloss
Benefits
Free of halogenated compounds.
Excellent emolliency with added pigment-dispersing capabilities.
In sunscreen formulations it can be used as an effective solvent.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is an emollient ester with a dry yet lubricous feel that is readily absorbed and imparts good gloss.
Additional properties of C12-15 alkyl benzoat include solvency for sunscreens, extension and fixation of fragrance, tactile modification and binding for pressed powders.
Key Benefits
Dry and Light Feel
Solvent for Sunscreens
Extension of Fragrances
Main Properties
Applications: Baby Care, Skin Care, Hair Care, Sun Care
Functions: Emollient
Benefits: Smoothing, Softening
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is useful to reduce the greasiness of lotion bars, whipped butters and emulsions.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is resistant to oxidation.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is Lipophilic emollient for cosmetic formulations
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is a lightweight oil soluble ester with a beautiful dry skin feel. It is made from benzoic acid and C12–15 alcohols.
C12-15 Alkylbenzoate
Proper Name(s):Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl esters
Product Name: Alkyl Benzoate
Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
Chemical Name : Benzoic acid, C-12/15-alkyl esters
C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE
INCI: C12-15 Alkyl benzoate
What is C12-15 Alkyl benzoate?
C12-15 Alkyl benzoate is chemically an ester of benzoic acid with C12-15 chain alcohol. C12-15 Alkyl benzoate falls into low-molecular-weight range. C12-15 Alkyl benzoate is a clear and odorless liquid. It can be added into formulas in the oil phase.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate adds dry-touch emolliency and improves pigment dispersion in our products, making it a great choice for colour cosmetics. Its light, dry touch also makes it a great base for body oils and other anhydrous products we’d like to have a light, dry finish (it is similar to isopropyl myristate in this way).
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate aka Alkyl Esters, is a plant-derived, emollient ester that gives final products that silky and conditioning after-feel.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate possesses foam boosting and viscosity enhancing properties.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is commonly used in hair care, skin care and sensitive skin formulas as a thickening agent and helps reduce the greasiness of emulsions, lotion bars and whipped butters.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, comes in a clear, almost odorless and slightly sticky liquid that is oil soluble.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate can also be used as a solvent for sunscreens. C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is popular as a silicone replacement and as a solubilizer (helps other ingredients to blend with the emulsion).
Recommended Use : 1.0 – 20.0% (Typically 10.0 – 20.0% of oil phase)
HLB : 13
Shelf Life : 24 months with proper storage away from direct sunlight with temps of 50°- 77°F (10° – 25°C).
CAS # 68411-27-8
INCI : C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
FOR EXTERNAL USE ONLY
Benzoate Esters
The Flagship Emollient
Best in class FINSOLV® benzoate esters combine exceptional functionality with a light, non-greasy feel. With over ten products to choose from, FINSOLV® is the ingredient of choice for mild but highly emollient and stable formulations.
Best in class ingredient
Exceptional functionality in mild, stable formulations
Light, non-greasy feel
Excellent wetting properties for high pigment loading
Good solubilizer of sunscreens and other actives
Improves transparency in AP/DO applications
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is a good solvent for actives with a light dry feel. This product improves transparency in AP/DO applications.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate-2 is a good solvent for actives with a light dry feel. This product improves transparency in AP/DO applications.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate-O is a further refined version of C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate which has been rendered odor-free.
It is recommended for those instances where even a slight background odor from formulation ingredients conflicts with the desired characteristics of the final fragrance.
It confers a dry, talc-like feel, is extremely mild to skin and eyes, spreads easily (high spreading coefficient), and is a valuable solvent for many cosmetic ingredients, including sunscreens.
propylene Glycol Dibenzoate (and) PPG-15 Stearyl Ether Benzoate
Application(s): Skin conditioning, Emollient, UV Filter Stabilizing
Emollient ester providing light conditioning. Used in shampoos and body wash, lotions, body oils, etc.
Use: ANTIMICROBIAL, EMOLLIENT, SKIN CONDITIONING
Use & Benefits:
Due to many hydroxyl groups it has a tendency to attract water, so it attracts water for the skin as well as retains moisture within the skin. So, it is an excellent emollient that is also widely used as a thickening agent. It is also used to improve the texture of a product, for example, softness and feel. When used in formulations it gives the product a silky feeling, also due to its solubility is it used in many sunscreens to keep the active ingredients dispersed.
It also has antimicrobial properties and so can be used as a perseverative
It is able to improve pigment dispersion which is very useful in color cosmetics. It is used in Sun care, skin care, and color cosmetics.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is Antimicrobial / Skin care / Emollient which means that this product will soften and smooth the skin, improving the penetration of active ingredients. C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is also used to reduce bacterial overgrowth in cosmetics.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate, is a mixture of benzoic acid esters that is used in a wide variety of cosmetic products.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a clear, oil soluble, low viscosity emollient that, when used in personal care products, provides a light conditioning and silky after feel to the skin.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is particularly suitable for SPF and cosmetic applications for its ability to disperse UV filters and pigments.
As one of the basic foundations of many personal care products, esters such as standard-grade C12-15 alkyl benzoate are a must-have for creating sustainable beauty solutions.
HOW DOES C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE WORK?
Because C12-15 alkyl benzoate comprises long-chain alcohols.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate functions as an occlusive agent and lubricant.
As a lubricant, C12-15 alkyl benzoate naturally reduces friction from clothing and other items rubbing against the skin.
Further, as an occlusive agent, C12-15 alkyl benzoate forms a protective layer on the skin’s surface to keep water trapped in the skin longer.
C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE FOR COSMETICS
Most types of cosmetics you’ll find on the shelves can be made with C12-15 alkyl benzoate.
Its popularity comes with good reason — the ingredient functions as an all-in-one emollient, thickening agent, preservative and antimicrobial solution.
Its texture-enhancing properties also make cosmetics products feel light and smooth against the skin without becoming overly greasy.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate’s thickening properties and antimicrobial qualities make it ideal for use in cosmetics products such as:
Lipstick
Foundation
Eyeliner, eye shadow, mascara and other eye makeup
Tinted moisturizers
Nail care products
Color cosmetics
C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE FOR PERSONAL CARE APPLICATIONS
Out of every ester used for personal care applications, C12-15 alkyl benzoate is the silkiest.
Most consumers love the feeling of smooth, silky lotions and creams on the skin, which makes it a favorite ingredient among personal care product manufacturers.
The product is particularly useful in salves intended to heal dry skin and goods made for sensitive skin.
When combined with other skin care ingredients, C12-15 alkyl benzoate’s emollient properties make greasier substances feel less oily for a more enjoyable and effective result.
These properties are ideal for use in sunscreens and other skin care solutions that often leave the skin feeling greasy.
Because of these abilities to lubricate and emulsify, C12-15 alkyl benzoate is commonly found in personal care products such as:
Sunscreens
Skin lotions, creams and gels
Products designed to ease psoriasis or eczema
Perfumes and colognes
Baby products
Anti-aging solutions
Shaving creams
Hair products
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is an emollient ester that provides a dry, silky feel to skin.
C12/15 Alkyl Benzoate is considered a good choice for facial skincare products as it is regarded as being non-comedogenic.
As an emollient C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate will help moisturise the skin.
C12/15 Alkyl Benzoate will also help reduce the greasiness of creams and lotions that feature plant oils and improve the spread-ability of the cream.
If the oil phase of your cream has 15% plant oils then we would recommend reducing the oils down to 10% and replacing with 5% C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate.
You will notice that the cream feels lighter and less greasy. Soaping (the tendency of a plant oil based cream to split when applied to the skin creating a white film that takes time to rub in) will be reduced somewhat, and the cream will absorb more quickly leaving a silkier feel on the skin
CosIng functions
Antimicrobial Agent
Antimicrobial
Emollient
Skin Conditioning Agent
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a synthetic ingredient that is used as an emollient and texture enhancing agent in cosmetic products.
Product Description
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a synthetic ingredient that is used as an emollient and texture enhancing agent in a variety of cosmetics and personal care products.
Origin
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a low molecular weight ester of benzoic acid and long chain alcohols.
Benzoic acid is a natural ingredient that can be obtained from several types of fruits and vegetables, such as cranberries, prunes, plums, cinnamon, ripe cloves, and apples.
The “C12-15” in the ingredient name indicates that the alcohols have carbon chain lengths from 12 to 15.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a clear, oil-soluble, low viscosity liquid.
Function
In cosmetics and personal care products, C12-15 alkyl benzoate functions as an emollient, texture enhancer, and antimicrobial agent.
It is used in a wide variety of products, such as sunscreens, baby products, bath products, antiperspirants and deodorants, eye makeup, lipstick, foundations and tinted moisturizers, shaving products, hair styling products, and more.
As an emollient, C12-15 alkyl benzoate helps to keep the skin moist and supple by reducing water loss from the epidermis (the outer layer of skin). Emollients act as lubricants and occlusive agents.
A lubricant reduces friction when anything rubs against the skin, while an occlusive agent forms a protective, invisible film on the surface of skin that helps to slow down water loss.
These functions allow C12-15 alkyl benzoate to keep the skin moisturized and also help the skin to repair.
While all skin types can benefit from emollients like C12-15 alkyl benzoate, emollients are very beneficial for those who have dry, rough and/or flaky skin.
Emollients can treat these symptoms, leaving the skin looking and feeling soft and smooth.
In addition, emollients can benefit those that suffer from conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or other inflammatory skin condition.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate can also be classified as a texture enhancer.
It imparts a soft and velvety feel to skin and has excellent spreadability.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate also functions as an effective thickener when added to gels, creams, and lotions.
It is added to pressed powders because of its ability to bind other ingredients together.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate has excellent solubility in oil and is often used in sunscreens because it helps keep the active ingredients dispersed throughout the formula. Lastly, C12-15 alkyl benzoate can be used for the extension and fixation of fragrance.
It is also claimed that C12-15 alkyl benzoate has antimicrobial properties, however, there is limited data on which microorganisms this ingredient is effective against.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate Usage
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate can be used as pharmaceutic aid (vehicle, oleaginous); pharmaceutic aid (emollient) .
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is very easy to emulsify, can be widely used in various creams, sunscreens and lotions, and can also be used in hair conditioner conditioning shampoos. It can synergize with cationic active agents and enhance conditioning.
Function: Emollient, lubricant, wetting agent, solubilizer,anti-tack agent, conditioning, gloss agent.
Application: Sunscreens, foundations, decorative cosmetics, hair care, hand and foot care, lotion and cream.
Liquid Lipophilic Emollient
TEGOSOFT TN
Customs tariff number: 38249992
CAS No: 68411-27-8
EINECS / EC No: 270-112-4
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
C12-15 Alkyl-Benzoate:
Aside from being a skin conditioner, C12-15 Alkyl benzoate has excellent dispersion properties allowing the even distribution of sun protection ingredients through SPF formulations.
CAS: 68411-27-8
Chemical Name:Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
SynonymsALKYL BENZOATE;Lauryl Benzoate;Einecs 270-112-4;C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE;Dodecyl/pentadecyl benzoate;Alkyl (C12-15) benzoate [usan];Benzoesure, Alkyl(C12-C15)ester;Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl ester;Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters;benzoic acid,c12-c15 alkyl esters
• Benzoesure, Alkyl(C12-C15)ester
• benzoic acid,c12-c15 alkyl esters
• Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
• C12-15 ALKYL BENZOATE
• Dodecyl/pentadecyl benzoate
• Alkyl (C12-15) benzoate [usan]
• Einecs 270-112-4
• ALKYL BENZOATE
• Lauryl Benzoate
• Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl ester
• 68411-27-8
C12-15 alkyl benzoate
Synonyms: Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters;
Category : Non-ionic surfactant
> Ester
>> Fatty Alcohol Ester
>>> Monohydric Alcohol Monoprotic Acid Ester
>>>> Linear Alkanol Aromatic Acid Ester
Chemical Numbering System
CASRN: 68411-27-8
EINECS: 270-112-4
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C19H30O2 – C22H36O2
Molecular Weight: 290.44 – 332.52
Major Uses
1 Typical applications
Use as lubricant.
Use as dispersing agent, emulsion stabilizer.
Use as solvent.
2, Personal care products
Conditioning agent, emollient, antimicrobial agent in personal care products. Especially suitable for sunscreen products.
Used in modern skin care applications and suncare. Acts as a traditional emollient. Possesses solubilizing capacities for crystalline UV filters and dispersing properties for pigments.
INCI:
C12-C15 Alkyl Benzoate
Claims:
Emollient
Applications/Recommended for:
Skin care (Facial care, Facial cleansing, Body care, Baby care)
Decorative cosmetics/Make-up>Eye liners
Decorative cosmetics/Make-up>Mascaras
Toiletries (Shower & Bath, Oral care…)>Antiperspirants & deodorants
Sun care (Sun protection, After-sun & Self-tanning)
Recommended use levels:
Similar or Equivalent to:
Cetiol AB (BASF Corporation)
AEC C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate (A & E Connock (Perfumery & Cosmetics) Ltd.)
Botanester AB (Botanigenics, Inc)
Crodamol AB (Croda, Inc.)
Crodamol AB (Croda Europe, Ltd.)
Dub B1215 (Stearinerie Dubois Fils)
Finsolv TN (Innospec Performance Chemicals)
Hest 25B (Global Seven Inc.)
Liponate NEB (Lipo Chemicals, Inc.)
OriStar AKB (Orient Stars LLC)
Ritamollient TN (R.I.T.A Corp)
Saboderm AB (Sabo s.p.a.)
Tegosoft TN (Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH)
Tegosoft TN 2 (Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH)
Origin: A natural ingredient that can be obtained from several types of fruits and vegetables, such as cranberries, prunes, plums, cinnamon, ripe cloves, and apples.
Also Known As: Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl ester
Overview: C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is an oil-free emollient and wetting agent. It is a low-molecular weight ester of benzoic acid and C12-15 alcohols. It can be used to improve the texture of products including its feel and softness. It improves the emolliency of formulations while aiding in dispersing pigment. It can also be used as an effective solvent for sun screens.
Suggested Uses:
Lotions
Creams
Sun products
Color cosmetics
Baby products
Bath products
Antiperspirants and deodorants
Shaving products
Hair styling products
INCI: C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
Alkyl Esters is known as the silkiest of all the esters used in hair and body care products. People use it as a silicone replacement, it decreases the ‘tacky’ feeling to almost any emulsion, is non-comedogenic, and can be used to help condition the skin in oil-free products.
According to online information, Esters are the results of replacing the hydrogen of an acid by an “alkyl” or other group. A variety of naturally occurring fats and essential oils (triglycerides) are fatty acid esters of glycerol.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
This ingredient is en ester of benzoic acid with long-chain (C12-15) alcohols.
Mainly used as an emollient and thickening agent.
It provides a light conditioning and silky after touch to the skin and hair.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
An ester of benzoic acid found naturally in cranberries and coconut oil. C12-15 alkyl benzoate is used commonly in cosmetics as it is a thickening agent, skin emollient, anti-microbial, and preservative.
Skin care is projected to be the largest end user segment of the market by 2020
Skin care accounts for the major share of the global emollient esters. The share is attributed to the increasing demand for herbal or natural based emollient esters. The boom in the personal care industry for greener emollient esters has led to various opportunities for the emollient esters market.
The growth of the emollient esters market is primarily being driven by the growth in end-user industries like skin care, hair care, cosmetics, and oral care. Also, factors such as changing lifestyle, growing consciousness for personal hygiene and increase in purchasing power of people for cosmetics & personal care products in emerging countries are expected to drive the growth of emollient esters market during the forecast period.
In addition, the shift from use of oil based emollients to emollient esters is one of the reasons supporting the growth of this market. However, stringent labelling rules for cosmetic ingredients and availability of cheaper and greener substitutes of emollients are some of the challenges which may restrict the growth of the emollient esters market.
Based on end user, the skin care segment accounted for the largest market share of the global emollient esters market, followed by the hair care. Emollient esters are also used in other products like toiletries, fragrances, and different pharmaceutical applications.
Other names :
ALKYL (C12-C15) BENZOATE
ALKYL BENZOATE
BENZOIC ACID, C12-15 ALKYL ESTERS
C12-15 ALCOHOLS BENZOATE
C12-15 ALKYL ESTERS BENZOIC ACID
Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl ester
Function :
emollient – softens another substance that would otherwise be difficult to deform, spread or process, and makes it more supple and as an additive that acts as a lubricant on the surface of the skin, gives the skin a soft and smooth appearance
as an additive that kills, prevents, or restricts the growth or multiplication of microorganisms
skin conditioner – improves or keeps the skin in good condition
General information :
is in the form of a clear oily liquid
it is a mixture of benzoic acid esters and long chain alcohols (C12-15)
it is mainly used for its emollient properties
has a good ability to disperse pigments and other substances
has good spreadability and leaves the skin dry, non-sticky and non-greasy
it also reduces the grease feeling of other oils in the product
has antimicrobial properties
also suitable for sensitive skin
softens and smoothes the skin, making it supple and silky
it is non- comedogenic and does not penetrate the skin
it is considered non-irritating (for skin and eyes) and non- sensitizing
its maximum concentration of use is about 60%
usual concentration of use is 1% to 15%
Use :
sunscreen preparations
preparations for mature skin
moisturizing preparations
hair gels
lipsticks
hair sprays
shampoos, etc.
What Is C12-15 alkyl benzoate?
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a synthetic ingredient that is used as an emollient and texture enhancing ingredient in a variety of cosmetics and skincare products.
C12-15 alkyl benzoate is part of a group of ingredients called alkyl benzoates. As a class of ingredient, alkyl benzoates are used to improve the stability, texture, and scent of products. C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a low molecular weight ester of benzoic acid and long-chain alcohols. Benzoic acid is a natural ingredient that can be obtained from several types of fruits and vegetables, such as cranberries, prunes, plums, cinnamon, ripe cloves, and apples. The ‘C12-15’ in the ingredient name indicates that the alcohols have carbon chain lengths from 12 to 15. C12-15 alkyl benzoate is a clear, oil-soluble liquid.
THE BREAKDOWN
C12-15 alkyl benzoate
THE GOOD:Improves the texture and feel of the formulation.
THE NOT SO GOOD:Alkyl benzoates are considered to be non-irritating and safe for use.
WHO IS IT FOR?All skin types except those that have an identified allergy to it.
SYNERGETIC INGREDIENTS:Works well with most ingredients
KEEP AN EYE ON:Keep an eye out for other alkyl benzoates.
Why Is C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate Used?
In cosmetics and skincare products, C12-15 alkyl benzoate functions as an emollient, texture enhancer, and antimicrobial agent. It is used in a wide variety of products, such as sunscreens, baby products, bath products, antiperspirants and deodorants, eye makeup, lipstick, foundations, and tinted moisturizers, shaving products, hair styling products, and more.
Emollient
As an emollient, C12-15 alkyl benzoate helps to keep the skin moist and supple by reducing water loss from the outer layers of the skin. Emollients form a protective barrier on the surface of the skin, trapping moisture and preventing water loss to the air. Emollients also help to improve the texture and performance of a product by acting as a lubricant. A lubricant reduces friction when anything rubs against the skin. These functions allow C12-15 alkyl benzoate to keep the skin moisturized and also help repair the appearance of the skin.
While all skin types can benefit from emollients like C12-15 alkyl benzoate, emollients are very beneficial for those who have dry, rough, and/or flaky skin. Emollients help to leave the skin looking and feeling soft and smooth. In addition, emollients may benefit those that suffer from conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or other inflammatory skin condition.
Texture
C12-15 alkyl benzoate can also be classified as a texture enhancer. It imparts a soft and velvety feel to the skin and has improves spreadability. C12-15 alkyl benzoate also functions as an effective thickener when added to gels, creams, and lotions. C12-15 alkyl benzoate has excellent solubility in oil and is often used in sunscreens because it helps keep the active ingredients dispersed throughout the formula.
Scent
C12-15 alkyl benzoate can be used to improve the scent of products. While C12-15 alkyl benzoate is not a direct fragrance it improves the scent by increasing the longevity of the scent in the formulation.
Anti-microbial
Research suggests that C12-15 alkyl benzoate may also have antimicrobial properties, reducing the likelihood of the growth of bacteria and mold in formulations due to contamination. However, there is limited data on which microorganisms this ingredient is effective against.
Is C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate Drying?
Since C12-15 alkyl benzoate is an ester that is composed of various long-chain alcohols, this ingredient is often misunderstood to be bad for the skin. It is true that some alcohols, like ethyl or rubbing alcohol, can be extremely drying to the skin. However, quite the opposite is true for C12-15 alkyl benzoate, which is well known to effectively condition and soften the skin and hair.
Is C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate Safe?
The safety of C12-15 alkyl benzoate and other alkyl benzoates has been assessed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel, a group responsible for evaluating the safety of skincare and cosmetic ingredients. Due to the low water solubility of long-chain alkyl benzoates, the Expert Panel reasoned that these ingredients were unlikely to be absorbed into the bloodstream, reducing any toxicity of immunity risks. At concentrations used in cosmetic products, C12-15 alkyl benzoate and other long-chain alkyl benzoates are not an eye or skin irritant. These compounds also don’t seem to sensitize or irritate the skin. Overall, the Expert Panel concluded that C12-15 alkyl benzoate and other alkyl benzoates are safe for use in cosmetics.
Cetiol AB is a medium spreading emollient with good solubilizing properties for crystalline UV-filters.
c12-15 alkyl benzoate
* An ester of benzoic acid.
Mainly used as an emollient and thickening agent. Many cosmetic products contain this ingredient because it provides a light conditioning and silky after touch to the skin and hair. It’s also been shown to act as an antimicrobial agent and a preservative, particularly in products containing UV absorbers. You may find this ingredient in a variety of cosmetics such as sunscreen, facial moisturizer, anti-aging treatments, shampoo/conditioner, body wash, self tanner, eye cream, foundation and deodorant.
* An ester of benzoic acid.
Functions:
Mainly used as an emollient and thickening agent. Many cosmetic products contain this ingredient because it provides a light conditioning and silky after touch to the skin and hair. It’s also been shown to act as an antimicrobial agent and a preservative, particularly in products containing UV absorbers. You may find this ingredient in a variety of cosmetics such as sunscreen, facial moisturizer, anti-aging treatments, shampoo/conditioner, body wash, self tanner, eye cream, foundation and deodorant.
This is a multifunctional emollient which is non-occlusive and non-oily. The ‘C12-15’ in the name indicates that the alcohols have carbon chain lengths from 12 to 15.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate has a low viscosity, resulting in medium spreading properties, rapid absorbency and low residual tack on the skin.
C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is particularly suitable in sunscreen formulations due to its good compatibility profile with many organic sun filters.
Safety Assessment of Alkyl Benzoates as Used in Cosmetics
Show all authors
Lillian C. ‘Becker, Wilma F. Bergfeld, Donald V. Belsito, …
First Published January 2, 2013 Research Article Find in PubMed
https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581812467379
Article information
Abstract
The functions of alkyl benzoates in cosmetics include fragrance ingredients, skin-conditioning agents—emollient, skin-conditioning agents—miscellaneous, preservatives, solvents, and plasticizers. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel reviewed the relevant animal and human data and noted gaps in the available safety data for some of the alkyl benzoates. Similar structure activity relationships, biologic functions, and cosmetic product usage allowed the available data of many of the alkyl benzoates to be extended to the entire group. Carcinogenicity data were not available, but available data indicated that these alkyl benzoate cosmetic ingredients are not genotoxic. Also benzoic acid and tested component alcohols were not reproductive or developmental toxicants, are not genotoxic in almost all assays, and are not carcinogenic. These ingredients were determined to be safe in the present practices of use and concentration.
Keywords alkyl benzoates
Introduction
Alkyl benzoate esters function in cosmetics as fragrance ingredients, skin-conditioning agents—emollient, skin-conditioning agents—miscellaneous, preservatives, solvents, and plasticizers. The ingredients included in this safety assessment are methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, amyl benzoate, lauryl/myristyl benzoate, C12-15 alkyl benzoate, C16-17 alkyl benzoate, stearyl benzoate, behenyl benzoate, isopropyl benzoate, isobutyl benzoate, isostearyl benzoate, ethylhexyl benzoate, butyloctyl benzoate, hexyldecyl benzoate, and octyldodecyl benzoate. These ingredients are esters of benzoic acid and a corresponding alcohol, with the shorter chain alkyl benzoates (methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl and amyl benzoate) ranging in molecular weight (MW) from 136 to 192 and the longer chain alkyl acetates (lauryl/myristyl, C12-15 alkyl, C16-17 alkyl, stearyl, isostearyl, behenyl, ethylhexyl, butyloctyl, hexyldecyl, and octyldodecyl benzoate) ranging in MW from 234 to 431.
Because the smaller alkyl benzoates in this report are considered likely to penetrate the skin, it should be expected that they would be metabolized in the skin to benzoic acid and the parent alcohol. Therefore, the safety of these metabolites must be considered when assessing the safety of alkyl benzoates.
Several of the metabolites of the alkyl benzoates in this assessment have been reviewed by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel (benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, and the parent alcohols: methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol). The conclusions are listed below.
• Benzyl alcohol, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate: the conclusion currently states that these ingredients are safe for use in cosmetic formulations at concentrations up to 5%.1 This safety assessment is currently being reevaluated to possibly remove the limit.
• Methyl alcohol: it is safe for use with qualifications as a denaturant in ethyl alcohol for cosmetic products. The panel has not stated that methyl alcohol is safe or unsafe as a solvent.2
• Ethyl alcohol (as “alcohol denaturant”): it is safe in the present practices of use and concentration (up to 99% alcohol denaturant).3 The CIR Expert Panel considered the safety of cosmetic products containing up to 99% alcohol denaturant and were not concerned regarding dermal exposure to ethyl alcohol from these products. The potential for exposure to ethyl alcohol from ethyl benzoate (maximum use concentration 0.01% reported) is much lower.
• Butyl alcohol: it is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use.4 In 2005, the panel looked at new data and the safety conclusion in the report was confirmed.
• Myristyl alcohol: it is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use.5
• Cetyl alcohol: it is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use.5 In 2005, the Panel reviewed new data and the conclusion in the report was confirmed.
• Stearyl alcohol: it is safe as currently used in cosmetics.6 In 2006, the Panel reviewed new data and the conclusion in the report was confirmed.
• Isostearyl alcohol: it is safe for use as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use.5 In 2005, the Panel reviewed new data and the conclusion in the report was confirmed.
• Behenyl alcohol: it is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the present practices of use.5 In 2005, the Panel reviewed new data and the conclusion in the current report was confirmed.
• Propyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol: it is safe for use in cosmetic products in the present practices of use and concentration.7
The probable alcohol metabolites of ethylhexyl benzoate, butyloctyl benzoate, hexyldecyl benzoate, isobutyl benzoate, amyl benzoate, pentadecyl benzoate, heptadecyl benzoate, and octyldodecyl benzoate are not current cosmetic ingredients in the dictionary and thus have not been reviewed by CIR.
Some data from the reports on benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, methyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol are considered. Data on isononyl benzoate, a related branched alkyl benzoate, and the other alcohols as well as ethylhexyl alcohol (from a Research Institute for Fragrance Materials [RIFMs] Expert Panel review)8 are included to give a sense of the safety of these likely metabolites.
Alkyl benzoates mostly function as skin-conditioning agents, preservatives, solvents, and plasticizers.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The shorter chain alkyl benzoate esters are colorless liquids.
Viscosity generally increases as the molecular mass (chain length) increases.
The physical and chemical properties of the benzoates are shown in Table 2.
At room temperature and pressure, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, and isobutyl benzoate are fragrant, colorless oils, and are insoluble in water.
Manufacture and Production
In general, the alkyl benzoates can be produced industrially via esterification of benzoic acid.
The manufacture of butyl benzoate, for example, is traditionally accomplished via an acid-catalyzed (eg, sulfuric acid) reactive distillation process between benzoic acid and butyl alcohol
Methanol and ethanol are normally obtained via fermentation of natural sources. However, some alcohols with chains longer than ethanol are often produced synthetically. An important process for producing C3- C22 industrial alcohols involves a process known as oxosynthesis (a process for the production of aldehydes which occurs by the reaction of olefins (which can be natural or petroleum sourced) with carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and a catalyst (typically cobalt based), followed by hydrogenation of the aldehyde products, to form the alcohols.13 A biocatalytic process specifically for the manufacture of esters for use in the formulation of cosmetic and personal care ingredients (ie, for producing cosmetic grade esters) was developed in 2004.14
Impurities
The manufacturing processes of the benzoic esters are typically high yielding (>90%) and easily purified (eg, by distillation).
Therefore, the starting materials and water, at least, may be expected to be present in preparations of these esters as the major impurities.
For example, methyl benzoate is available with a minimum of 99.2% purity, wherein the major contaminants are water (<0.1%) and benzoic acid (<0.02%).
Analytical Methods
The benzoic esters can be analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
High-performance liquid chromotography (HPLC) was used to detect C12-15 alkyl benzoates.
Use
Cosmetic
According to the Voluntary Cosmetic Registration Program (VCRP) administered by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the total number of uses of C12-15 alkyl benzoate was 971 (858 leave-on and 113 rinse-off products).
A survey conducted by the Personal Care Products Council (Council) found that C12-15 alkyl benzoate was used at 0.0008% to 59% (highest concentration in tonics, dressings, and other hair grooming aids) in leave-on products and 0.0008% to 50% (highest concentration in paste masks [mud packs]) in rinse-off products (Table 3).19 There were 2 uses reported of C16-17 alkyl benzoates (bath soaps and detergents). Stearyl benzoate was reported to have 3 uses (including face and neck creams, lotions, and powders) and used at 2%. While there were no uses reported by VCRP, the Council reported methyl benzoate use at 0.0005% to 0.3% (highest concentration in perfumes), ethyl benzoate use at 0.0008% to 0.01% (highest concentration in foot powders and sprays), isobutyl benzoate use at 0.01% (perfumes), isostearyl benzoate use at 1% (body and hand creams, lotions, and powders), and octyldodecyl benzoate at 3% to 4% (highest concentration in shaving cream).
No uses or concentrations of use were reported for propyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, amyl benzoate, lauryl/myristyl benzoate, behenyl benzoate, isopropyl benzoate, ethylhexyl benzoate, butyloctyl benzoate, and hexyldecyl benzoate.
C12-15 Alkyl benzoate and other benzoates are used in hair sprays and perfumes, and effects on the lungs that may be induced by aerosolized products containing these ingredients are of concern. The aerosol properties that determine deposition in the respiratory system are particle size and density. The parameter most closely associated with deposition is the aerodynamic diameter, da, defined as the diameter of a sphere of unit density possessing the same terminal settling velocity as the particle in question. In humans, particles with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 µm are respirable. Particles with a da from 0.1 to 10 µm settle in the upper respiratory tract and particles with a da < 0.1 µm settle in the lower respiratory tract.20,21
Particle diameters of 60 to 80 µm and ≥80 µm have been reported for anhydrous hair sprays and pump hairsprays, respectively.22 In practice, aerosols should have at least 99% of their particle diameters in the 10 to 110 µm range, and the mean particle diameter in a typical aerosol spray has been reported as ∼38 µm.23 Therefore, most aerosol particles are deposited in the nasopharyngeal region and are not respirable.
In the European Union (EU), methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate and butyl benzoate may be used as preservatives in cosmetics up to 0.5% (acid).24
Noncosmetic
Alkyl benzoate esters are typically used as solvents in paints, lacquers and coatings, and as intermediates in various chemistry processes.9 Methyl benzoate is used in flavoring and perfumery and as a solvent in resins.25 Ethyl benzoate is used in flavoring and perfumery and as a solvent in lacquers and resins.25 Butyl benzoate is used as a solvent for cellulose ether, as a plasticizer, as a perfume ingredient, and for dyeing in textiles.25 Isobutyl benzoate is used in flavoring and perfumery.25 Methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, isopropyl benzoate, and isobutyl benzoate have been approved by the FDA as flavors26 and have no safety concerns when used as flavoring agents.27
Functions
Solubilisers
Solvents
Spreading Agents
Applications
Antiperspirants & Deodorants
Eye Colour
Eye Contour Care
Face / Neck Skin Care
Face Colour
Facial Cleansers
Lip Care
Lip Colour
Sun Protection
Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
CAS names
Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
IUPAC names
Benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl esters
Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
Benzoic acid, C12-15-alkyl esters
C12 C15 alkyl benzoate
C12-C15 alkyl benzoate
C12-C15 Alkyl Benzoate
Esterification product of alcohols, C12-15 (linear and branched) and benzoic acid
Trade names
CHINT: Benzoic (FA C12-15)E
Cosmacol EBI
Cosmacol EBL
Dub B1215
Finsolv TN (Ref. 09-TN-041)
LINCOL BAS
Phase II REACH Kandidat
SABODERM AB
Tegosoft TN
Appearance / Product characteristics
Clear, almost colorless, almost odorless oil
Use
Medium spreading emollient with good solubilizing properties for crystalline UV-filters.
Application
After Sun Baby Care and Cleansing Body Care Color Care Face Care Face Cleansing Self Tanning Sun Protection
Product Groups
Emollients