Triisopropanolamine

Triisopropanolamine

Triisopropanolamine

Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) is a compound of hydroxylamine with an organic amine and hydroxyl used in a mixture, especially to increase the final strength of cement, concrete and mortar.

Triisopropanolamine is an amine used for a variety of industrial applications including as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and chemical intermediate.
It is also used to neutralize acidic components of some herbicides

1,1′,1”-Nitrilotri(propan-2-ol)

Triisopropanolamine is used as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coating applications.
The cement and concrete industries use TIPA as a grinding aid, and it is used in concrete admixtures.
TIPA is used as a neutralizing agent in agricultural products and water borne coatings.

Triisopropanolamine acts as an anti-corrosion-, deforming- and crosslinking agent.
Triisopropanolamine improves coating strength and packaging stability. It is compatible with polyurethane resin.
Triisopropanolamine reduces water sensitivity and fading. Triisopropanolamine is suitable for water-based coatings.

Other names
1-[Bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]propan-2-ol
Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
Tri-2-propanolamine
Tri-iso-propanolamine
Tris(2-propanol)amine

Triisopropanolamine (TIPOA) is an aminoalcohol and belongs to the group of alkanolamines.
It is a versatile chemical that is used in a variety of applications.

Triisopropanolamine can be used to control the pH of cosmetics and personal care products, and to help stabilizing emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified. Triisopropanolamine also prevents the corrosion (rust) of metallic materials used in packaging cosmetics and personal care products.

Coatings

Triisopropanolamine (TIPOA) serves as a dispersing agent for paints and pigments such as titanium dioxide.
Additionally, it finds application as a neutralizing agent in water-borne coatings.
It also acts as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coatings.

Construction

TIPOA is used as a grinding and dispersion aid in cement production, especially for high-quality types of cement.

Other

TIPOA is used in the production of cutting oils and PU catalysts.

Applications:
Grinding Aid in Cement and concrete, Chain terminator in isoprene (rubber) polymerization curing, polyurethane, metal working.

EC / List no.: 204-528-4
CAS no.: 122-20-3
Mol. formula: C9H21NO3

1,1′,1”-Nitrilotri-2-propanol
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotris(2-propanol)
1,1′,1′-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1′,1′-nitrilotripropan-2-ol; triisopropanolamine
1,1’,1’-nitrilotripropan-2-ol; triisopropanolamine
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotri-
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotris-
3,3′,3”-Nitrilotri(2-propanol)
TIPA
Tri-2-propanolamine
Triisopropanolamine
triisopropanolamine
Tris(2-hydroxy-1-propyl)amine
Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
Tris(2-propanol)amine

Translated names
1,1′,1″-nitrilotripropan-2-olis (lt)
1,1′,1″-nitriltripropān-2-ols (lv)
1,1′,1″-нитрилотрипропан-2-oл (bg)
1,1′,1”-nitriilitripropan-2-oli (fi)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropaan-2-ol (nl)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropaan-2-ool (et)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (da)
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotripropan-2-ol (de)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (es)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (hr)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (no)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (ro)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (sl)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (sv)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-olo (it)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropano-2-ol (pt)
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropán-2-ol (sk)
1,1′,1”-νιτριλοτριπροπαν-2-όλ (el)
1,1`,1“-nitrylotripropan-2-ol (pl)
1,1´,1´´-nitrilotripropan-2-ol (cs)
1,1’,1’-nitrilotripropan-2-ol; triisopropanolamine (fr)
1,1’,1”-nitrilotripropán-2-ol (hu)
triisopropanolamin (cs)
Triisopropanolamin (de)
triisopropanolamin (no)
triisopropanolamin (sv)
triisopropanolammina (it)
triisopropanoolamiin (et)
triizopropanolamin (hr)
triizopropanolamin (hu)
triizopropanolamin (sl)
triizopropanolamina (ro)
triizopropanolaminas (lt)
triizopropanolamín (sk)
triizopropanoloamina (pl)
triizopropānolamīns (lv)
триизопропаноламин (bg)

CAS names
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotris-

IUPAC names
1,1′,1”-nitrilopropan-2-ol
1,1′,1”-NITRILOTRI-2-PROPANOL
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol / triisopropanolamine
1-(bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino)propan-2-ol
1-[bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]propan-2-ol
2-Propanol, 1,1,1-nitrilotris-
Triisopropanolamine
triisopropanolamine
Triisopropanolamine
Triisopropanolamine (mixture of isomer)

Trade names
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotri-2-propanol
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotris(2-propanol)
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotri- (6CI, 8CI)
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotris- (9CI)
NTP
TIPA
Tri-2-propanolamine
Tri-iso-propanolamine
Triisopropanolamin
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE
Triisopropanolamine
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE 99
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE LFG 85
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE, LFG 85
Tris(2-hydroxy-1-propyl)amine
Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
Tris(2-propanol)amine

Other names
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotripropan-2-ol
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotris-

Areas of use

TIPA is used in the following conditions and applications.

For high-performance concrete production.
• For the production of precast concrete
For concrete admixture formulations where setting is desired.
For the production of ready-mixed concrete with and without a pump.
• To increase the hardening and setting of concrete.
Application details

It is generally compatible to use TIPA in formulations of concrete admixtures with raw materials based on naphthalenesulfonate, melamine sulfonate, lignin sulfonate and polycarboxylate.

Triisopropanolamine is used to grind cement to develop early strength
Triisopropanolamine is used to grind cement to develop late strength

•TIPA can increase compressive strength of cement-FA system.
•TIPA can accelerate the hydration of both cement and FA.
•TIPA can facilitate the dissolution of FA.
•Air-entraining effect of TIPA negatively affects compressive strength.

122-20-3
Name: Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
CAS: 122-20-3
Molecular Formula: C9H22NO3
Molecular Weight: 192.275
HomeCASCAS 122 CAS 122-20-3
122-20-3 – Names and Identifiers
Name    Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
Synonyms    AMIX TI
1,1′,1”-NITRILOTRI-2-PROPANOL
1,1′,1”-NITRILOTRIPROPAN-2-OL
1,1′,1”-NITRILOTRIS(2-PROPANOL)
1,1′,1”-NITROLOTRIPROPAN-2-OL
NITRILOTRIPROPANOL
TRIS(2-HYDROXYPROPYL)AMINE
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (1:1)
2-hydroxy-N,N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)propan-1-aminium chloride
(2S)-2-hydroxy-N-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-N-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]propan-1-aminium
(2S,2’S,2”R)-1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
(2S)-2-hydroxy-N,N-bis[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]propan-1-aminium
(2R)-2-hydroxy-N,N-bis[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]propan-1-aminium

Effect of Triisopropanolamine on Chloride Immobilization in Cement-Fly Ash Paste
Baoguo Ma,1 Ting Zhang,1 Hongbo Tan ,1 Xiaohai Liu,1 Junpeng Mei,1 Wenbin Jiang,1 Huahui Qi,1 and Benqing Gu1

Utilization of sea sands and coral aggregate for concrete in ocean construction is increasingly attracting the attention all over the world.
However, the potential risk of steel corrosion resulting from chloride in these raw materials was one of the most concerned problems.
To take this risk into account, chloride transporting to the surface of steel should be hindered. The formation of Friedel’s salt in hydration process is widely accepted as an effective manner for this hindrance.
In this study, an attempt to hasten the formation of Friedel’s salt by adding triisopropanolamine (TIPA) was done in the cement-fly ash system, with intention to chemical bind chloride, and the chloride-binding capacity at 60 d age was examined.
The results show that TIPA can enhance the chloride-binding capacity of cement-fly ash paste at 60 d age, and the reason is that the formation of Friedel’s salt can be accelerated with addition of TIPA.
The mechanism behind is revealed as follows: on the one hand, the accelerated cement hydration provides more amount of calcium hydroxide to induce the pozzolanic reaction of fly ash, which can hasten the dissolution of aluminum into liquid phase; on the other hand, TIPA can directly hasten the dissolution of aluminum in fly ash, offering more amounts of aluminum in liquid phase.
In this case, the aluminum/sulfate (Al/S) ratio was obviously increased, benefiting the formation of Friedel’s salt in hydration products.
Such results would expect to provide useful experience to promote the chloride-binding capacity of cement-fly ash system.

TIPA – Set Accelerating And Strength Enhancer Raw Material for High-Range Water Reducing / Superplasticizer Concrete-Cement Admixtures

Product Definition
Triisopropanolamine is a hydroxylamine compound with organic amine and Hydroxyl used in admixture especially for increasing final strengths of cement, concrete and mortar.

Use

Triisopropanolamine is used in the following conditions and applications.

• For high performance concrete production.

• For precast and precast concrete production.

• For concrete admixture formulations where early strength is desired.

• For Ready-mixed concrete production with and without pump.

• For increasing the final and early strength of concrete.

• Improves the grinding efficiency resulting energy savings.

 

Application Details

It is generaly compatible to use TIPA in concrete admixture recipes with Naphthalene Sulfonate, Melamine Sulfonate, Lignin Sulfonate and Polycarboxylate based raw materials.

Exemplary cement processing aid compositions comprise a diamine, such as tetrahydroxylethylethylene diamine, and an alkanolamine, such as triethanolamine or triisopropanolamine, to provide superior grinding efficiency.

AMINE-CONTAINING CEMENT PROCESSING ADDITIVES

Cement grinding aids are additives, which are used for improving the grinding efficiency of the cement grinding mill.
The grinding aids facilitates the formation of electrostatic charges on surfaces causing the agglomeration of cement particles.
The cement grinding aids are highly helpful in improving the strength of the cement and enhancing other properties such as the applicability of water demand, liquidity, and the setting time of cement.

Market Dynamics

The growth of the cement grinding aids market is driven by increasing demand from the construction industry and therefore, need for improving the fineness of cement and its production rate.
The grinding aids neutralize the charges present on the surface of cement particles, which are formed during the milling process, by forming thin film over the particles.
The growth of the market is further driven by the increasing concerns of people about reducing the energy consumption and improving the fineness of cement particles.
Thus, the improvements in mill performance owing to the removal of coating effects has boosted growth of the market.

Grinding aid is the additive in cement pulverizing course, it is possible to increase mill efficiency.
DEIPA and TIPA is that cement helps The main component of grinding agent, adds DEIPA and TIPA and can improve cement grinding efficiency largely, simultaneously in grinding aid DEIPA can increase substantially cement early stage and later strength, and TIPA can increase substantially the later strength of cement.

Isopropanolamines include monoisopropanolamine (MIPA), diisopropanolamine (DIPA), and triisopropanolamine (TIPA).
They are offered either as single products or as blends.
Isopropanolamines are used in a wide array of applications, including gas purification, surfactants (primarily for home and personal care products), cosmetic formulations, corrosion inhibitors, metalworking fluids, cement and concrete processing aids, and as emulsifiers, dispersants, and wetting agents.

Triisopropanolamine TIPA
Product Description
Triisopropanolamine is used as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coating applications.
The cement and concrete industries use TIPA as a grinding aid, and it is used in concrete admixtures.

Triisopropanolamine used in CGA:
TIPA increases the strength of cements  ages at middle to late ages.
Saving cement setting time and production power consumption
Forming less bubbles & pores in cement paste
Getting better finish surface of cement

Applications Of TIPA:
Cement & Contcrete improves the grinding efficiency resulting in energy savings; prevents from agglomeration or clumping; as water reducing agent.
Rubber curing Chain terminator in isoprene polymerization.
Polyurethane Used as Cross-linker to improve PU foam quality.
Metal working to improve corrosion protection, antioxidant.

Package and shipping:
TIPA will be packed in iron drum, net weight 200kg, 1000KG IBC and 20 tons flexibag can be specified according to customer’s requests.

Storage for TIPA:
Shelf time of TIPA 98% is one year, and after then it could still be available once has passed a chemical test.

Safety & Toxicity for TIPA:
Generally present no toxicity, alkalescency but do not irritate skin.
Higher flashing point, it should be prevented the material from spilling into the eyes while handling.

Triisopropanolamine
122-20-3
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotripropan-2-ol
TIPA
Tri-2-propanolamine
Tri-iso-propanolamine
Tris(2-propanol)amine
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotris-
TRIS(2-HYDROXYPROPYL)AMINE
1-[bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]propan-2-ol
Tris(2-hydroxy-1-propyl)amine
Caswell No. 891
2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotri-
UNII-W9EN9DLM98
NSC 4010
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotri-2-propanol
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotris(propan-2-ol)
CCRIS 4884
HSDB 5593
EINECS 204-528-4
MFCD00004533
3,3′,3”-Nitrilotri(2-propanol)
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotris(2-propanol)
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 004209
BRN 1071570
W9EN9DLM98
AI3-01450
Triisopropanolamine, 98%
DSSTox_CID_1415
DSSTox_RID_76150
DSSTox_GSID_21415
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotris[2-propanol]
CAS-122-20-3
C9H21NO3
tri(2-hydroxy-1-propyl)-amine
trisisopropanolamine
3,3′,3″-Nitrilotri(2-propanol)
tris(isopropanol)amine
Triisopropanolamine, 95%
EC 204-528-4
tris-(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
SCHEMBL28985
4-04-00-01680 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
1,1”-Nitrilotri-2-propanol
1,1,1-Nitrilotris-2-propanol
CHEMBL1877948
DTXSID5021415
Triisopropanolamine 122-20-3
3,3”-Nitrilotri(2-propanol)
NSC4010
1,1”-Nitrilotris(2-propanol)
2-Propanol,1′,1”-nitrilotri-
1,1,1-Nitrilotris(propan-2-ol)
2-Propanol,1′,1”-nitrilotris-
NSC-4010
1,1′,1”-nitrilotris-2-propanol

Although TIPA for cement applications is driving the isopropanolamine market, particularly in Asia, TIPA is in competition with other chemicals, such as diethanol isopropanolamine (DEIPA), which is also growing in the Asian market.

In gas purification, methyldiethanolamine-based (MDEA-based) solvents (both as MDEA/piperazine blends and straight MDEA) have been capturing most of the growth in this application as have ethanolamines at the expense of DIPA.
Monoethanolamine-triazines (and other triazines) are also used as hydrogen sulfide scavenging agents.

In some surfactant applications, coco-MIPA (cocamide MIPA, coconut isopropanolamide) is displacing cocamide DEA (coconut DEA).

Cement additive, which is evolved from grinding aids, is a special chemical agent that is used to intergrind with clinker to increase the grinding efficiency of ball mill and to improve the performance of finished cement.
Among the requirements on the modification of cement performance, strength improvement is one of the primary targets.
Only in this way can the clinker be replaced by some industrial by-products so that the cost of finished cement can be reduced

In recent years, organic accelerators become widely accepted because of their low effective addition in cement.
Alkanolamines such as triethanolamine (TEA) and triisopropanolamine (TIPA) are the general grinding chemicals which are added in the comminution process of cement manufacture.
They are also formulated and used in some of the chemical admixtures, with which the mechanical performance of concrete can be improved by accelerating the hydration of specific mineral compounds of cement.
On the other hand, workability is also one of the key criteria to evaluate the rheological performance of cementitious materials.
In order to enhance the workability of concrete, saccharides, which could be adsorbed on the surface of cement gains and hydrates, are often used as retarders to prolong the setting of fresh mix, and then additionally prohibit the further agglomeration among particles.
As a result, the viscosity of fresh mix decreases, and the workability can also be improved in a certain degree

GRINDING AIDS

Grinding aids have been used successfully for decades in cement production and many other areas, such as ceramics, pigments etc.
The main effect is to reduce energy consumption and increase the grinding efficiency.
Additional features can be improved – e.g. powder flowability and strength development of binders.
There is surprisingly little verified knowledge about the way in which the substances contained in grinding aids act effectively.
There are correspondingly many hypotheses in the scientific literature as well as in industrial practice.

In the grinding process, a variety of grinding aids have been used.
In Europe different compounds are preferred to those in other countries.
Table below presents the grinding aids and their formulas.
There are aliphatic amines such as triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) and aminealcohols such as diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA), tri-isopropanolamine (TIPA).
Glycol compounds are represented such as ethyleneglycol (EG), diethyleneglycol (DEG).
In addition, there are more complex compounds such as aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) and hydroxyethyl diethylenetriamine (HEDETA).
Phenol and phenol-derivates are also used as grinding aids.
Other compounds, mentioned in the product data sheets, such as amine acetate, higher polyamines and their hydroxyethyl derivates, are used, but these are undefined in data sheets

as a set accelerator, at 0.25% it acts as a mild set retarder, at 0.5% TEA acts as a severe retarder, and at 1% it is a very strong accelerator (Dodson 1990).
The acetate of triethanolamine is also one type of grinding aid (Flatt et al. 1998).
The mechanism of the action of TEA in cement hydration is not completely understood.
TEA is a weak base and in an aqueous phase it is mostly in the molecular state.
TEA has the ability to chelate with certain metallic ions such as Fe3+ in highly alkaline media (Yilmaz et al. 1993).
Aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA) is one degradation product of ethanol amines (Choy and Meisen 1980).
The commercial product of aminoethanolamine can be a pure single compound product instead of the usual mixtures.
It is slightly soluble in water.
Triethylenetetramine (TETA), tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) and hydroxyethyl diethylenetriamine (HEDETA) Ethyleneamines TETA and TEPA are used as asphalt additives, as corrosion inhibitors, as epoxy curing agents in the hydrocarbon purification, as surfactants, as dispersants, as chelating agents, as catalysts, as textile additives and fuel additives.
The commercial products of TETA and TEPA are often mixtures of alkanoamines and not single, pure compounds.
TEPA is completely miscible in water and is not biodegradable.
Hydroxyethyl-diethylenetriamine (HEDETA) is very soluble in water.

Chrysocement Grinding Aid Cga 4
The grinding aid composition of claim 1 wherein the secondary alkanolamine compound comprises at least one C 2-C 8 hydroxyalkyl group. 5. The grinding aid composition of claim 1 wherein the secondary alkanolamine compound is selected from diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diisobutanolamine, and mixtures thereof. 6.

Triisopropanolamine TIPA for cement grinding
4. for cement grinding aid CGA INTRODUCTION Triisopropanolamine TIPA is used as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coating appliions. The cement and concrete industries use TIPA as a grinding aid, and it is used in concrete admixtures. TIPA is used as a neutralizing agent in agricultural products and water borne coatings. Specifiion

cement grinding aid mixture cga – ME Mining
CGA (Cement Grinding Aid ) Description: HS CAG is a new generation cement grinding aid specially designed to increase mill output and obtain improved early strength development in finished cement. Ready Mix Concrete. Overview; HEA2® is one of the most effective dispersants yet developed for use as a grinding aid/pack set inhibitor for portland cement and other hydraulic cements.

Additives for cement
Industrial Trial with a standard CHRYSO Grinding Aid Feed Tph (ton per hour) Energy consumption in KWh/t Reference data Standard CHRYSO Grinding Aid (No formulated GA) Day Cement mill output (Tph) + 8 tph (+15%) 40 30 20 10 32 KWh/t 37 KWh/t.

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4. for cement grinding aid CGA INTRODUCTION Triisopropanolamine TIPA is used as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coating appliions. The cement and concrete industries use TIPA as a grinding aid, and it is used in concrete admixtures.

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Grinding Aids for Cement – SlideShare
11-05-2015· Conclusion • Grinding aids are used to improve grinding efficiency of the clinker particles and to minimize the power consumption. • Grinding aid also improve some physical and mechanical properties of cement. 11-05-2015 Indian Institute of Technology,Delhi 30 31.

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CGA – Cement Grinding Aid
What is the abbreviation for Cement Grinding Aid? What does CGA stand for? CGA abbreviation stands for Cement Grinding Aid.

Specifics of new generation cement grinding
3 Used as cement grinding aid early enhanced 3 ~ 5 mpa, the late 4 ~ 8 mpa. 4 The molecular structure contains two kinds of alcohol and amine functional group at the same time, under some appropriate conditions can react with a variety of material generated ester, amide, salt, etc.

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Cga Cement Grinding Aid Whatever your requirements, you ”ll find the perfect service-oriented solution to match your specific needs with our help.We are here for

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grinding aid chrysocement, 2019/08/08 Grace Cement Grinding Aid- MEIPALY Mining machine A grinding aid composition for improving the efficiency of cement grinding the grinding aid composition comprises an alkanolamine compound that is a primary alkanolamine compound a secondary alkanolamine compound or a mixture thereof and a glycol.

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The amounts of front grinding aid and rear grinding aid added to the slurry were 4‰ and 6‰, as specified in the literature . The slurry samples were collected for the PSD measurement and the slurry viscosity was measured by a DV-II + rotation viscometer (with different Rotors according to the viscosity of the slurry at 100 rpm) at room temperature.

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4. for cement grinding aid CGA INTRODUCTION Triisopropanolamine TIPA is used as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coating appliions. The cement and concrete industries use TIPA as a grinding aid, and it is used in concrete admixtures.

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Grinding Aid Pellets Hmpa For Cement- PANOLA Mining machine. Grinding Aid Pellets Hmpa For Cement. Specifics of new generation cement grinding aid cga raw material aug 26 2015 home news specifics of new generation cement grinding aid cga raw material 1 used for cement grinding aid can improve the efficiency of grinding has significant effect to imp.

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CHRYSO is one of the world leaders in the development, manufacture and supply of chemical additives for concrete, cement and plaster. Founded in 1942, CHRYSO is a technology leader who constantly develops innovative products, breaking technological barriers to add value to its customers’

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CHRYSO Cement Grinding Aid ADM 1 ASTM C465 . Description : CGA ADM 1 is a polyethanolamine acetate based : grinding specifically formulated to improve the grinding . of minerals and is particularly recommended for grinding : Portland cement. CGA 4D is very effective in improving cement flow characteristics and preventing pack set. CHRYSO®ADM 11. CHRYSO®ADM 11 is a process grinding

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Specifics of new generation cement grinding
3 Used as cement grinding aid early enhanced 3 ~ 5 mpa, the late 4 ~ 8 mpa. 4 The molecular structure contains two kinds of alcohol and amine functional group at the same time, under some appropriate conditions can react with a variety of material generated ester, amide, salt, etc.

A Low Freeze Grade blend of Triisopropanolamine and 15% water to lower the freezing point for easier handling.
A basic chemical used in many applications serving as an emulsifier, stabilizer, chemical intermediate and neutralizer that achieves basicity, buffering and alkalinity objectives.

Uses:
Neutralize fatty acids and sulfonic acid-based surfactants
Metalworking fluids
Used in many applications to achieve basicity, buffering and alkalinity objectives.
Benefits:
Good solubilizers of oil and fat
Offer heat and color stability
Low formulation costs.

Performance Benefits
Acid Gas Removal, Acidic Herbicide Neutralization, Concrete Compressive Strength, Corrosion Inhibitor, Grinding Aid, Intermediate, pH Regulator, Pigment Dispersant, Processing Agent, Reactive Agent

International Concrete Abstracts Portal
Title: Why TIPA Leads to an Increase in the Mechanical Properties of Mortars Whereas TEA Does Not
Author(s): J.-P. Perez, A. Nonat, S. Pourchet, S. Garrault, M. Mosquet, and C. Canevet
Publication: Symposium Paper
Volume: 217
Issue:
Appears on pages(s): 583-594
Keywords: cement phases hydration; mechanical strength; triethanolamine; triisopropanolamine
Date: 9/1/2003
Abstract:
Triethanolamine (TEA) and Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) are used in small amounts as grinding aids in the cement grinding process.
TIPA is particularly known to enhance mechanical strength of mortars at 7 and 28 days while TEA does not.
A mechanism based on the formation of a soluble TIPA-iron hydroxide complex which could increase the degree of hydration of the cement and so could improve the mechanical properties, has been proposed for the TIPA.
The aim of this work is to explain why addition of TIPA or TEA which have close molecular structure lead to different results on the mechanical properties of mortars.
The physico-chemical evolution of a cement’s hydration was first followed by coupling isothermal calorimetry and ionic concentrations measurements.
Then, mechanical compressive tests were carried out on mortars (limestone aggregate).
Tetracalcium aluminoferrite (C4AF) hydration is modified in presence of both additive because of the formation of a soluble complex between trialkanolamine and iron III.
An adsorption of TEA on the Portlandite surface is significant during the silicate phase hydration, while TIPA does not adsorb. In the case of TEA, the molecule affinity for the Portlandite surface is stronger than that of the formation of the soluble complex.
These results could explain differences obtained on mechanical compressive tests of mortars characterising by an increase of the mechanical strength in presence of TIPA.

1. Triisopropanolamine (TIPA)
2. CAS No.: 122-20-3
3. 99% 85% 80%
4. for cement grinding aid CGA

Triisopropanolamine TIPA is used as a cross-linker in special niche water-based coating applications.
The cement and concrete industries use TIPA as a grinding aid, and it is used in concrete admixtures.
TIPA is used as a neutralizing agent in agricultural products and water borne coatings.

TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE
Tri-2-propanolamine
Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
1,1′,1″-Nitrilotripropan-2-ol    October 2006
CAS #: 122-20-3
UN #: 3259
EC Number: 204-528-4

Reactivity Profile
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE neutralizes acids to form salts plus water in exothermic reactions.
May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides.
Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.

Triisopropanolamine, Diisopropanolamine, Isopropanolamine and Mixed Isopropanolamines are used to control the pH of cosmetics and personal care products, and these ingredients help to form emulsions by reducing the surface tension of the substances to be emulsified.
Triisopropanolamine also prevents the corrosion (rust) of metallic materials used in packaging cosmetics and personal care products.

IUPAC Names
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol; 1-(bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amino)propan-2-ol; Triisopropanolamine

Common Names
1,1′,1”-Nitrilotri-2-propanol; 1,1′,1”-Nitrilotris(2-propanol); 2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotri- (6CI, 8CI); 2-Propanol, 1,1′,1”-nitrilotris- (9CI); NTP; TIPA; Tri-2-propanolamine; Tri-iso-propanolamine; Triisopropanolamin; TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE; TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE 99; TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE LFG 85; TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE, LFG 85; Tris(2-hydroxy-1-propyl)amine; Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine; Tris(2-propanol)amine

Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) is a basic chemical used in many applications serving as emulsifiers, stabilizers, chemical intermediates and neutralizers that achieve basicity, buffering and alkalinity objectives.
Major applications include water-based coating applications and agricultural products.
Additional applications are antistat agents for polymers, corrosion inhibitor, electrodeposition/electrocoating, lubricants, paper, pigment dispersion, plastics, polyurethane additive, reaction intermediates, rubber curing, surfactants, mineral dispersion, and urethanes.

Triisopropanolamine is available as TIPA 99, TIPA Low Freeze Grade (LFG) & TIPA 101. ·

TIPA 99—This commercial grade triisopropanolamine is a tertiary amine.
TIPA LFG—This triisopropanolamine is a low freeze grade variation of TIPA for easier handling in colder ambient temperatures (freezing point: 5ºC/41ºF).
It is a blend of 85% TIPA and 15% deionized water.

TIPA 101—This triisopropanolamine is the non-prime product from the process.
It is a blend of 90% TIPA and highers and 10% deionized water, with a freezing point of 17.2ºC/62.6ºF

Features and Benefits Coatings
· Cross-linker in special niche water-based coating applications
· In waterborne coatings: good acid neutralization, improves water solubility, blocks organic acids in water, improves package stability, reduces water-sensitivity and discoloration

Herbicides/Algaecides/Fungicides/Pesticides
· Neutralizes acidic herbicides and other acidic components.
· Good water solubility, freeze stability

Diisopropanolamine, Triisopropanolamine, Isopropanolamine, and Mixed Isopropanolamine are used as water-soluble emulsifiers and neutralizers in cosmetic products at concentrations up to 1%.

Cement & Concrete improves the grinding efficiency resulting in energy savings; prevents from agglomeration or clumping; as water reducing agent.
Rubber curing Chain terminator in isoprene polymerization.
Polyurethane Used as Cross-linker to improve PU foam quality.
Metal working to improve corrosion protection, antioxidant.

Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) was used as an early strength component to study its effects on mortar strength, cement paste setting time and early hydration characteristic of cement.
And the early strength mechanism of TIPA at low temperature of 5 °C was also discussed.
The results showed that, at 5 °C, the incorporation of TIPA promoted the condensation of cement paste, shortened the initial and final setting time, and accelerated the strength development of specimens at all ages, among which the strength after 3 d increased significantly.
The 1, 3, 7, and 28 d compressive strength ratios of the mortars mixed with 1% TIPA could reach 196%, 179%, 160% and 110% respectively, and the mortar strength after 3 d exceeded that of the contrast sample cured at 20 °C.

Under low temperature condition, TIPA could promote the hydration reaction of cement, shorten the induction period and advance the acceleration period.

Furthermore, the maximum heat release rate and cumulative heat release quantity would be all increased, and the cumulative heat release of the cement mixed with TIPA hydrated for 12 h and 7 d increased 73% and 38% respectively.

TIPA could shorten the nucleation and crystal growth (NG) stage and increase its hydration degree significantly, so it promoted cement hydration reaction.

Additionally, the hydration reaction rates in phase boundary reaction (I) phase and diffusion reaction (D) phase were increased, and the duration of I process was prolonged, thereby the development of specimen strength would be accelerated.

TIPA did not obviously change the types of hydration products, but increased the content of Ca(OH)2 in the samples and the degree of cement hydration.
After hydration to 7 d, large amounts of hydration products, whose surface was smooth, were formed and bonded into sheets, and the structural density of samples improved significantly.

Triisopropanolamine (»98.0%)
Triisopropanolamine (»95.0%)
Triisopropanolamine (90.0% 95.0%)
Triisopropanolamine (85.0% 90.0%)
Segment by Application, the Biofertilizer market is segmented into

Personal Care and Cosmetics
Agriculture
Construction
Plastics and Rubber
Other

ON THE MECHANISM OF STRENGTH ENHANCEMENT OF CEMENT PASTE AND MORTAR WITH TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE
Triisopropanolamine (TIPA) is a proprietary alkanolamine used in a series of strength-enhancing cement additives.
This article presents data on the compressive strength of hydrated Portland cement paste (no interfacial transition zone or ITZ between paste and sand) and mortar after 28 days hydration.
The study addresses the effect of TIPA on the mechanical properties of hydrated Portland cement paste and, indirectly, the effect of TIPA on the transition zone between the paste and siliceous sand.
The average strength improvement with TIPA was 10 percent in the hydrated Portland cement paste and 9 percent in the mortar, clearly showing that the strength enhancement is not dependent on an ITZ mechanism.
The study included 10 different Portland cements.
•    Availability:
o    Find a library where document is available. Order URL: http://worldcat.org/issn/00088846

TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE
Name: Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
CAS: 122-20-3
Molecular Formula: C9H22NO3
Molecular Weight: 192.275
HomeCASCAS 122 CAS 122-20-3
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE – Names and Identifiers
Name    Tris(2-hydroxypropyl)amine
Synonyms    AMIX TI
1,1′,1”-NITRILOTRI-2-PROPANOL
1,1′,1”-NITRILOTRIPROPAN-2-OL
1,1′,1”-NITRILOTRIS(2-PROPANOL)
1,1′,1”-NITROLOTRIPROPAN-2-OL
NITRILOTRIPROPANOL
TRIS(2-HYDROXYPROPYL)AMINE
TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE
1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (1:1)
2-hydroxy-N,N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)propan-1-aminium chloride
(2S)-2-hydroxy-N-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-N-[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]propan-1-aminium
(2S,2’S,2”R)-1,1′,1”-nitrilotripropan-2-ol
(2S)-2-hydroxy-N,N-bis[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]propan-1-aminium
(2R)-2-hydroxy-N,N-bis[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]propan-1-aminium
CAS    122-20-3
EINECS    204-528-4

Cement Grinding Aids Market
Global Cement Grinding Aids Market, By Product Type:

Amine-based Grinding Aids
Monoethanolamine (MEA)
Diethanolamine (DEA)
Treiethanolamine (TEA)
Triisopropanolamine (TIPA)
Alcohol-based Grinding Aids
Ethylene Glycol (EG)
Diethylene Glycol (DEG)
Ether-based Grinding Aids
Poly Carboxylate Ether (PCE)
Global Cement Grinding Aids Market, By Cement Type:

Blended Cement
Hydraulic Cement
Portland Cement
Others
Global Cement Grinding Aids Market, By Application:

Ball Mills
Vertical Mills
Ground-granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) Grinding
Global Cement Grinding Aids Market, By End-use Industry:

EFFECT OF CALCIUM NITRATE, TRIETHANOLAMINE AND TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF MORTARS
Saadet GÖK [1] , Kadir KILINÇ [2]
Chemical admixtures are used in concrete for various purposes such as water reducing, plasticizing, air entraining, bonding, viscosity modifying, colouring, corrosion inhibiting, permeability reducing, accelerating or retarding the initial setting time, and shrinkage reducing.
The use of chemical admixtures in concrete helps to improve workability of fresh concrete and durability properties of hardened concrete as well as reducing the total cost of concrete production.
In this study, three different types of chemical raw materials (calcium nitrate, triethanolamine-TEA and triisopropanolamine-TIPA) were used in the production of chemical admixtures, which were used in mortars with two different cement compositions.
7-day and 28-day compressive strengths of mortars were determined and it was found that TIPA has the greatest effect on increasing the compressive strength within these three chemicals.

This paper aims to investigate the effect of triisopropanolamine (TIPA) on compressive strength and hydration of cement-fly ash paste.
The samples with various dosages of TIPA were prepared with 30% fly ash (FA) and 70% cement (water/binder ratio by weight = 0.38), and cured under the standard condition.
The compressive strength, pore structure, hydration process, and hydration products were investigated.
The results show that TIPA can obviously increase the compressive strength of cement-FA system at the age of 7 d and 60 d, and the reasons are involved in pore structure and hydration of cement-FA system.
Pore structure was characterized with mercury intrusion porosimetry, and the results show that TIPA can reduce total porosity but increase the amount of pore with size more than 50 nm, implying the air-entraining effect with negative effect on compressive strength.
The result suggests that TIPA and defoaming agent should be used together to minimize the negative effect in real concrete.
Furthermore, analysis of hydration products shows that TIPA can accelerate the hydration of both cement and FA, and this can also be illustrated from solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance.
It is noticed that TIPA can hasten the conversion of AFt to AFm, which can be indicated from hydration heat.
Additionally, the acceleration of pozzolanic reaction of FA is because TIPA can accelerate the dissolution of aluminate, silicate, and ferric into liquid paste which was demonstrated from morphology characterization and the change of ions in pore solution.
Such results would be expected to provide experience for the use of alkanolamine in promoting the performance of cement-based materials.

Chemical admixtures are used in concrete for various purposes such as water reducing, plasticizing, air entraining, bonding, viscosity modifying, colouring, corrosion inhibiting, permeability reducing, accelerating or retarding the initial setting time, and shrinkage reducing.
The use of chemical admixtures in concrete helps to improve workability of fresh concrete and durability properties of hardened concrete as well as reducing the total cost of concrete production.
In this study, three different types of chemical raw materials (calcium nitrate, triethanolamine-TEA and triisopropanolamine-TIPA) were used in the production of chemical admixtures, which were used in mortars with two different cement compositions.
7-day and 28-day compressive strengths of mortars were determined and it was found that TIPA has the greatest effect on increasing the compressive strength within these three chemicals.

Triisopropanol amine (TIPA)
A patented material named as Triisopropanol amine (TIPA) is reported to provide an increased strength for the concrete at 7 and 28 days (Gartner and Myers, 1989).
TIPA is basically a tertial amine. Basic chemical expression of TIPA is C9H21NO3.
It is simply a molecule which has nitrogen in the center and 3 alcohols around it.
A TIPA molecule is shown in Figure 4. TIPA is most commonly used in cement industry as a grinding agent.
But it is also used as surfactant, emulsifier, stabilizer, neutralizer in chemical industry

The addition of small amounts of TIPA results in interesting increases in the strength of cement pastes at different ages (Gartner and Myers, 1993).
A recent study carried out on the strength enhancing mechanism of TIPA presented compressive strength data for 10 Portland cements tested as cement paste after 28 days of hydration.
The average strength improvement with 200 ppm TIPA added to the mix water was 10% (Sandberg and Doncaster, 2014).

Because of being a relatively new subject, only a few researchers investigated the usage of TIPA as an admixture.
One of the most significant research about this subject was presented by Aggoun et.al. in 2006.
They investigated the effect of using some admixtures such as calcium nitrate, TIPA and TEA, on the setting and hardening process of cement pastes at 20 °C.

Tests were performed on samples from various mixes considering two types of cements.
The results showed that calcium nitrate acted mainly as a setting accelerator with efficiency depending on the cement chemical composition.

In the long term, its effect on the strength increase was insufficient to be considered as a hardening accelerator.
Regardless of the cement type used, both TEA and TIPA performed well as a hardening accelerator at all ages.
The combination of calcium nitrate with either TEA or TIPA resulted in their joining effects with time, translated by a reduction in the initial and final setting time and a strength enhancement at all ages of the cement pastes, particularly at early ages.
Used with equal dosage, TIPA is far more efficient in terms of strength increase than TEA.

In detail, they reported that calcium nitrate works with low C3S containing cements, and TIPA accelerates better than TEA.
It was reported that for the cements having higher C4AF TIPA has a retarding effect by about 40%.
By the addition of 0.05%, it also improved considerably the compressive strength at all ages about 185% at 1 and 3 days, 130% at 7 days and 100% at 28 days.
The joining effects were also illustrated with the use of calcium nitrate in combination with TIPA.
The initial and final setting times compared with control mix values were reduced by 45%.
But the increase in 18 compressive strength for short and long term ages was respectively more than 90% for the lower C3S containing cement.
In another study, Perez et al. (2003) recently proposed that TIPA does not improve the mechanical properties of hydrated portland cement paste, but rather improves mortar and concrete strength by acting on the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between the portland cement paste and sand or aggregate.
Perez et al. based their conclusion on studies of a model portland cement that did not display any increase in the degree of hydration or compressive strength in the presence of TIPA, but displayed significant strength enhancement of mortar made with the model portland cement and limestone.
Ichikawa et al (1997) presented evidence that TIPA, besides enhancing the hydration of ferrite and alite, also promotes the hydration of limestone, thereby indicating an effect of TIPA on the ITZ between portland cement paste and limestone fines in addition to the effect of TIPA on hydrated portland cement paste without limestone fines.
Sandberg and Doncaster (2003) presented data on the compressive strength of hydrated portland cement paste and mortar after 28 days hydration, thereby addressing the effect of TIPA on the mechanical properties of hydrated portland cement paste and, indirectly, the effect of TIPA on the transition zone between the paste and siliceous sand.
The 28-day compressive strength testing of parallel samples of hydrated portland cement paste and mortar using 10 different portland cements resulted in significant strength gains in both paste and mortar treated with TIPA.
The average strength improvement with TIPA was 10% in the hydrated portland cement paste and 9% in the mortar.
The results clearly show that the strength enhancement is not dependent on an ITZ mechanism. The observed strength gain in hydrated portland cement paste confirms that TIPA is able to enhance the mechanical properties of hydrated portland cement paste without any paste–aggregate ITZ being present.
Gartner and Myers (1993) proposed that TIPA is a facilitated transporter that chelates Fe3+ from the hydration product of ferrite and then releases it into the aqueous phase, increasing the dissolution of ferrite and promoting the overall silicate reaction.
Hong and Xiaodong(2010) presented a research investigating the hydration mechanism of a P.II 52.5R cement in the presence of TIPA, glucose or both.
Calorimetry tests showed that the interaction effect of TIPA and glucose significantly enhance the degree of hydration of the cement after 7 days.
X-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the addition of glucose promotes C4AF dissolution by TIPA.
The accelerated C4AF hydration yields a reduced CH content and an increased amount of chemically combined water.
Due to the delayed acceleration effect of glucose, the hydrate products are characterized by a high surface area.
The presence of TIPA also favors the aluminate reaction, reflected by the accelerated AFt (alumina, ferric oxide, tri-sulfate) to AFm (alumina, ferric oxide, mono-sulfate) conversion.

For the pastes containing TIPA, the hydration products comprises AFt, AFm and hemicarboaluminate.
In the cement with both TIPA and glucose, the hydration of C4AF is inhibited before 4 days.
However, it is significantly promoted afterwards compared with TIPA alone.
The interaction effect of TIPA and glucose promotes the hydration of cement up to 28 days, as validated by calorimetry and thermal analysis.
The promoted hydration results from the addition of glucose, which strengthens the ‘‘facilitated transportation’’ effect of TIPA and accelerates ferrite dissolution.
The pore structure of the cement paste is modified by this interaction effect, as well.
TIPA alone tends to reduce the specific surface area of the paste and increases the average pore diameter.
The addition of glucose, on the contrary, enhances the specific surface area and reduces the average pore diameter.
The interaction effect of TIPA and glucose is more pronounced, and the corresponding paste has the highest specific surface area and the lowest average pore diameter at 28 days.

There are three isopropanolamines called mono, di and tri-propanolamine with formula with formula CH3CH(OH)CH2NH2, CH3CH(OH)CH2]2NH, and CH3CH(OH)CH2]3N respectively. Monoisopropanolamine is a liquid at room temperature, while diisopropanolamine and triisopropanolamine are white solids. Isopropanolamine is a clear to yellow, corrossive, combustible liquid with a faint ammonia odor; boils at 159.9 C. It is soluble in water and very soluble in benzene and ether. Diisopropanolamine is a clear to yellow hygroscopic crystalline lumps; boils at 241 C, decomposes on heating producing toxic nitrogen oxides. It is a medium strong base and reacts violently with strong oxidants. It turns yellow when exposed to light and air. Diisopropanolamine and triisopropanolamine are commercially available in liquid grades contain deionized water typically 15%. These liquid grades should not be stored in the presence of aluminum due to the possibility of excessive corrosion and potential chemical reaction releasing flammable hydrogen gas at above 60 C. Isopropanolamines are used as an absorbent of acid gases in the refinery of natural gas and purification of ammonia. They are used as an emulsifying agent soluble in water and low alkalinity. They are used as a crosslinking catalyst in the production of polyurethanes. They are used as a component of insecticide, surfactants, rubber chemicals, corrosion inhibitors and pigment dispersants.
Isopropanolamines have applications in the field of:

Gas-scrubber
Natural and refinery gas operations
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and CO2 gas removal
Textile Operation
Softeners
Lubricants
Dye Leveling Agents
Dispersants
Durable Press
Optical Brighteners
Surfactants and  Metalworking fluids
Impart alkalinity
Detergents
Cosmetic formulations
Acid neutralization
Fatty acid soaps
Emulsifiers
Corrosion Inhibitors
Others
Concrete grinding aid
Cement admixture
Urethane foams
Agricultural products
Photographic chemicals
Biocides
Oil well chemicals
Rubber vulcanization accelerators
Plasticizers
Pigment Dispersant
Cross-Linker for Coatings
Asphalt aggregatation