PHOSPHORIC ACID
PHOSPHORIC ACID
Phosphoric acid = Orthophosphoric acid = White phosphoric acid
CAS Number: 7664-38-2
EC Number: 231-633-2
E number: E338 (antioxidants, …)
Chemical formula: H3PO4
Molar mass: 97.994 g·mol−1
Phosphoric acid is a colorless, odorless crystalline liquid.
Phosphoric acid gives soft drinks a tangy flavor and prevents the growth of mold and bacteria, which can multiply easily in a sugary solution.
Most of soda’s acidity also comes from phosphoric acid.
Phosphoric acid is made from the mineral phosphorus, which is found naturally in the body.
Phosphoric acid works with calcium to form strong bones and teeth.
Phosphoric acid also helps support kidney function and the way your body uses and stores energy.
Phosphorus helps your muscles recover after a hard workout.
The mineral plays a major role in the body’s growth and is even needed to produce DNA and RNA, the genetic codes of living things.
Phosphoric acid is a clear, colorless, odorless liquid with a syrupy consistency.
Phosphoric acid is used as an acidifying agent to give colas their tangy flavor.
Due to the use of phosphoric acid, cola is a actually more acidic than lemon juice or vinegar.
The vast amount of sugar acts to mask and balance the acidity.
Phosphoric acid also goes by E338, orthophosphoric acid, and phosphoric(V) acid.
Food-grade phosphoric acid is a mass-produced chemical, available cheaply and in large quantities.
Phosphoric acid is commonly used for rust prevention and removal.
Phosphorus-containing substances occur naturally (0.1%-0.5%) in foods such as milk, meat, poultry, fish, nuts, and egg yolks.
Phosphoric acid has been linked to lower bone density in some epidemiological studies, including a discussion in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Other studies showed the opposite – that *low* intake of phosphorus leads to lower bone density. Guess who funded the studies? PepsiCo.
Aside from the risk of osteoporosis, cola consumption has also been linked to chronic kidney disease and kidney stones.
According to the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI), a consumer watchdog group not affiliated with the food industry, only a small fraction of the phosphate in the American diet comes from additives in soft drinks.
Most comes from meat and dairy products.
Therefore, your reason for not drinking Coke should be its sugar content and artificial food colorings, not the phosphoric acid.
Phosphorus is first turned to phosphorus pentoxide through a chemical manufacturing process.
Phosphoric acid ’s then treated again to become phosphoric acid.
Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid, is a weak acid with the chemical formula H3PO4.
The pure compound is a colorless solid.
Uses
The dominant use of phosphoric acid is for fertilizers, consuming approximately 90% of production.
Food-grade phosphoric acid (additive E338) is used to acidify foods and beverages such as various colas and jams, providing a tangy or sour taste.
Soft drinks containing phosphoric acid, which would include Coca-Cola, are sometimes called phosphate sodas or phosphates.
Phosphoric acid in soft drinks has the potential to cause dental erosion.
What is phosphoric Acid?
Phosphoric acid, also referred to as phosphoric(V) acid or orthophosphoric acid is one of the popular and most used acids.
As such, the raw form of this acid is extracted from phosphate rocks, whereas more pure form is produced industrially from white phosphorus.
Pure phosphoric acid is usually in a crystalline solid-state and in less concentrated form. Generally, Phosphoric acid is a colourless, syrupy, odourless, and non-volatile liquid.
Phosphoric acid which is also a mineral acid is represented by the formula H3PO4 and Phosphoric acid contains one atom of phosphorus, four atoms of oxygen and three atoms of hydrogen.
Uses of Phosphoric Acid
Orthophosphoric acid is one of the important chemicals which has myriad of uses in several industries, agriculture, and products that we use in our daily lives.
In any case, here we will look at some popular uses of phosphoric acid.
Removal of Rust
In Food and Beverage
Personal care
Used In Agriculture
Pharma
Other Uses
Phosphoric acid used in the removal of rust
Among the various types of acids, phosphoric acid is used commonly in the removal of rust from metals like iron, steel, etc.
Usually, when Phosphoric acid is applied reacts with the rust and converts the reddish-brown iron typically ferric oxide (iron oxide) to a black-coloured compound which is now ferric phosphate.
This black ferric phosphate substance is easily removal.
Phosphoric acid used in food and beverage
Phosphoric acid is often used as a food additive.
Phosphoric acid acts as an acidity regulator in foods like jams, cereal bars, processed meats, cheese, etc.
In the beverage industry, phosphoric acid is used as an acidulant.
Phosphoric acid helps keep a check on fungi and bacteria formation.
Phosphoric acid also adds to the taste of these drinks.
However, there is an ongoing debate about the health effects and benefits of this acid.
Phosphoric acid used in personal care
Phosphoric Acid is quite necessary in the production of a wide variety of personal care products.
Some of them include cleansing products, bath products, fragrances, hair care products and dyes, nail products, makeup, and other skin care products.
On the other hand, phosphoric acid is also used in controlling the pH level of these products.
Phosphoric acid used in agriculture
Some reports have suggested that almost 80 percent of the phosphoric acid that is produced is used in the production of fertilizer.
Phosphoric acid is also used as an additive and flavouring agent in animal or poultry feed.
Phosphoric acid used in pharmaceutical
Phosphoric acid is mostly used as an intermediate in pharmaceutical.
One of the main areas that phosphoric acid is used is in dentistry.
Phosphoric acid is uses as an etching solution and is usually used to clean the teeth.
Other uses of phosphoric acid include teeth whiteners or mouth washing liquids.
Phosphoric acid is also commonly used in anti nausea medicines.
Other Uses of Phosphoric Acid
There are also few other uses of this acid.
Phosphoric acid is used as an electrolyte in fuel cells or in oxyhydrogen generators.
Phosphoric acid is also used to make synthetic detergents and treatment of water and metals.
Phosphoric acid is also used to remove mineral deposits, cement smears, and hard water stains in construction industry.
Phosphoric acid can act as a chemical oxidizing agent to produce activated carbon products.
Frequently asked questions
-What is the other name of phosphoric acid?
Ans: Orthophosphoric acid.
-Write the chemical formula for phosphoric acid.
Ans: H3PO4.
-What is the molecular mass, boiling point and melting point of phosphoric acid?
Ans: Molecular mass = 97.994 g/mol, boiling point = 158 °C and melting point = 42.35 °C.
-Is Orthophosphoric acid a strong acid or weak acid? Why?
Ans: Phosphoric acid is a weak acid as Phosphoric acid does not fully dissociate in water.
-List two wide applications of phosphoric acid.
Ans: Phosphoric acid is widely used in fertilizers and to acidify food.
Phosphoric acid also has the potential to contribute to the formation of kidney stones, especially in those who have had kidney stones previously.
Specific applications of phosphoric acid include:
in anti-rust treatment by phosphate conversion coating or passivation
to prevent iron oxidation by means of the Parkerization process
as an external standard for phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance
in phosphoric acid fuel cells
in activated carbon production
in compound semiconductor processing, to etch Indium gallium arsenide selectively with respect to indium phosphide
in microfabrication to etch silicon nitride selectively with respect to silicon dioxide
as a pH adjuster in cosmetics and skin-care products
as a sanitizing agent in the dairy, food, and brewing industries
All three hydrogens are acidic to varying degrees and can be lost from the molecule as H+ ions (protons).
When all three H+ ions are removed, the result is an orthophosphate ion PO43−, commonly called “phosphate”.
Removal of one or two protons gives dihydrogen phosphate ion H2PO−4, and the hydrogen phosphate ion HPO2−4, respectively.
Orthophosphoric acid also forms esters, called organophosphates.
Phosphoric acid is commonly encountered in chemical laboratories as an 85% aqueous solution, which is a colourless, odourless, and non-volatile syrupy liquid.
Although phosphoric acid does not meet the strict definition of a strong acid, the 85% solution can still severely irritate the skin and damage the eyes.
The name “orthophosphoric acid” can be used to distinguish this specific acid from other “phosphoric acids”, such as pyrophosphoric acid.
Nevertheless, the term “phosphoric acid” often means this specific compound; and that is the current IUPAC nomenclature.
Industry：Phosphoric Acidused in removing dust from the metal surfaces.
Used as rust converter by bringing Phosphoric acid in direct contact with a rusted iron,or steel tools and other surfaces that are rusted.
Phosphoric acid is helpful in cleaning the mineral deposits, cement nous smears and hard water stains.
Food：Used to acidify the foods and beverages such as colas.
Medicine：Phosphoric Acid is an important ingredient in over the counter medications to combat nausea.
Dentistry：Phosphoric Acid is mixed with zinc powder and forms zinc phosphate, and Phosphoric acid is useful in temporary dental cement.
In orthodontics, zinc is used as an etching solution to help clean and roughen the surface of teeth.
Fertilizer：Used as reaction fertilizer in the soil around a granule acidification is generated that improves the utilization of phosphorus applied and available in the rhizosphere.
Due to its nitrogen content (present as ammonia), Phosphoric acid is good for crops that require these nutrients in Phosphoric acids initial phase
General description
We are committed to bringing you Greener Alternative Products, which adhere to one or more of The 12 Principles of Greener Chemistry.
Phosphoric acid has been enhanced for energy efficiency.
In aqueous solutions, phosphoric acid behaves as a triprotic acid.
The triprotic acid has three ionizable hydrogen atoms, which are lost sequentially.
Application
Phosphoric acid (85 wt. % in H2O) can be used for a variety of applications, such as:
a medium for corrosion inhibition on mild steel
an activating agent in the preparation of activated carbon
enhancement of electrochemical performance for energy devices
in the development of polymeric membranes for proton exchange membrane based fuel cells
Industrially, phosphoric acid may be used in fertilizers, detergents, pharmaceuticals, water softeners.
Phosphoric acid has been used as an acid solution for pH adjustment of the fermentation broth in a protocol for the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation of sugars in a bioreactor.
Description
A mineral acid that goes by the formula H3PO4.
This formula specifically refers to orthophosphoric acid, but orthophosphoric acids easily combine with themselves to create compounds referred to as phosphoric acids, generally.
Typically used as a chemical reagent, the acid is a very polar molecule, meaning Phosphoric acid is extremely water soluble.
In food usage, Phosphoric acid is used to acidify foods and beverages, producing a tangy/sour taste.
Because of Phosphoric acids low cost, Phosphoric acid may be desirable for such application over alternatives such as.
CAS Number: 7664-38-2
ChEBI: CHEBI:26078
ChEMBL: ChEMBL1187
ChemSpider: 979
ECHA InfoCard: 100.028.758
EC Number: 231-633-2
E number: E338 (antioxidants, …)
KEGG: D05467
PubChem CID: 1004
RTECS number: TB6300000
UNII: E4GA8884NN
UN number: 1805
CompTox Dashboard (EPA): DTXSID5024263
Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid, is a weak acid with the chemical formula H3PO4.
The pure compound is a colorless solid.
All three hydrogens are acidic to varying degrees and can be lost from the molecule as H+ ions (protons).
When all three H+ ions are removed, the result is an orthophosphate ion PO43−, commonly called “phosphate”.
Removal of one or two protons gives dihydrogen phosphate ion H2PO−4, and the hydrogen phosphate ion HPO2−4, respectively.
Orthophosphoric acid also forms esters, called organophosphates.
Phosphoric acid is commonly encountered in chemical laboratories as an 85% aqueous solution, which is a colourless, odourless, and non-volatile syrupy liquid.
Although phosphoric acid does not meet the strict definition of a strong acid, the 85% solution can still severely irritate the skin and damage the eyes.
The name “orthophosphoric acid” can be used to distinguish this specific acid from other “phosphoric acids”, such as pyrophosphoric acid.
Nevertheless, the term “phosphoric acid” often means this specific compound; and that is the current IUPAC nomenclature.
Other Names: orthophosphoric acid; Anhydrous phosphoric acid
CAS Number: 7664-38-2
Molecular Formula/MF: H3PO4
EINECS Number: 231-633-2
Classification: Biochemical & chemical
Grade Standard: Food grade
Purity: 85% min
Odor: Odorless
Appearance: Colorless, transparent and syrupy liquid
Phosphoric acid is used in several industries. Fertilizer accounts for the majority of phosphoric acid use, but this chemical can also be found in:
-Food additives (to acidify foods, or as a leavening agent)
-Soaps and detergents
-Water treatment
-Toothpastes
-Rust removal
-Etching solutions in dentistry
-Teeth whiteners
-Cleaning products
Acidic properties
All three hydrogens are acidic, with dissociation constants pKa1 = 2.14, pKa2 = 7.20, and pKa3 = 12.37.
Phosphoric acid follows that, in water solutions, phosphoric acid is mostly dissociated into some combination of its three anions, except at very low pH.
The equilibrium equations are:
H3PO4 + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + H2PO4−
Ka1= 7.25×10−3 [pKa1 = 2.14]
H2PO4−+ H2O ⇌ H3O+ + HPO42−
Ka2= 6.31×10−8 [pKa2 = 7.20]
HPO42−+ H2O ⇌ H3O+ + PO43−
Ka3= 3.98×10−13 [pKa3 = 12.37]
Manufacture
Phosphoric acid is produced industrially by two general routes.
In the wet process a phosphate-containing mineral such as calcium hydroxyapatite is treated with sulfuric acid.
Fluoroapatite is an alternative feedstock, in which case fluoride is removed as the insoluble compound Na2SiF6.
The phosphoric acid solution usually contains 23–33% P2O5 (32–46% H3PO4).
Phosphoric acid may be concentrated to produce commercial- or merchant-grade phosphoric acid, which contains about 54–62% P2O5 (75–85% H3PO4).
Further removal of water yields superphosphoric acid with a P2O5 concentration above 70% (corresponding to nearly 100% H3PO4).
Calcium sulfate (gypsum) is produced as a by-product and is removed as phosphogypsum.
To produce food-grade phosphoric acid, phosphate ore is first reduced with coke in an electric arc furnace, to make elemental phosphorus.
Silica is also added, resulting in the production of calcium silicate slag.
Elemental phosphorus is distilled out of the furnace and burned with air to produce high-purity phosphorus pentoxide, which is dissolved in water to make phosphoric acid.
The phosphoric acid from both processes may be further purified by removing compounds of arsenic and other potentially toxic impurities.
IUPAC name
Phosphoric acid
Other names
Orthophosphoric acid
Chemical formula: H3PO4
Molar mass: 97.994 g·mol−1
Appearance: white solid
Odor: Odorless
Density: 1.6845 g⋅cm−3 (25 °C, 85%), 1.834 g⋅cm−3 (solid)
Melting point: 40–42.4 °C (104.0–108.3 °F; 313.1–315.5 K)
Boiling point: 212 °C (414 °F) (only water evaporates)
Phosphoric acid is an ingredient to many etching solutions, such as solutions for etching of Al (Aluminum), GaAs (gallium arsenide), InP (indium phosphide), Ag (silver) or ZnO (zinc oxide).
Very hot concentrated phosphoric acid can also be used for etching of SiNx (silicon nitride).
Solubility in water
392.2 g/100 g (−16.3 °C)
369.4 g/100 mL (0.5 °C)
446 g/100 mL (15 °C)
548 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility
Soluble in ethanol
log P
−2.15
Agriculture:
Most of the phosphoric acid produced is used to make fertilizers.
Phosphoric acid is mainly converted into three phosphate salts that are used as fertilizers.
They are as follows:
Triple superphosphate (TSP)
Diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP)
Monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate (MAP)
Phosphoric acid is also used in the supplement in feed given to cattle, pigs, and poultry.
Food additives:
Dilute solutions of phosphoric acid have a pleasant acidic taste.
Hence, Phosphoric acid is used as a food additive.
Phosphoric acid imparts acidic properties to Soft drinks.
Other readymade foods.
Water treatment products.
Manufacturing process:
Phosphoric acid is used in the manufacture of Gelatin.
Soil stabilizer.
Waxes and polishes.
Binder for ceramics.
Activated carbon.
In lakes in cotton dyeing.
Medical applications:
Phosphoric acid is mainly used
In dental cement.
For preparing albumin derivatives.
For acidifying urine.
For removing necrotic (dead cells or tissue) debris.
In anti-nausea medicines.
In teeth whiteners and mouth washing liquid.
Personal care:
Phosphoric acid is essential for a wide range of personal care products, including:
Cleansing products
Bath products
Fragrances
Haircare products
Nail products
Makeup
Skincare products
Phosphoric acid is also used to control the pH of these products.
Rust removal:
Phosphoric acid is commonly used for rust removal.
Phosphoric acid, when applied to the rust, reacts with the rust in metals such as steel and iron.
Phosphoric acid converts the rust into an easily removable black-colored compound.
Other uses:
Other uses of phosphoric acid include:
Automotive care products
Batteries
Cleaners for semiconductor industry
Cleaning and furnishing care products
Electrical and electronic products
Food packaging
Fuels and related products
Laundry and dishwashing products
Lawn and garden care products
Metal products not covered elsewhere
Paints and coatings
Paper products
Photographic supplies, film, and photo chemicals
Plastic and rubber products not covered elsewhere
Resales
Chemical distribution
Industrial fermentation media
Cleaners in plating processes for automotive and machinery
What are the safety concerns with phosphoric acid?
Phosphoric acid may cause acute or chronic health effects.
Acute health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to phosphoric acid:
Contact with eyes can irritate and burn the eyes.
Breathing phosphoric acid can irritate the nose and throat, causing coughing and wheezing.
Long-term or chronic effects include:
Irritate the lungs and cause bronchitis
Drying and cracking of the skin
Vapor pressure 0.03 mmHg (20 °C)
Conjugate base Dihydrogen phosphate
Magnetic susceptibility (χ) −43.8·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)
1.3420 (8.8% w/w aq. soln.)
1.4320 (85% aq. soln) 25 °C
Viscosity
2.4–9.4 cP (85% aq. soln.)
147 cP (100%)
What Is Phosphoric Acid?
You are composed of all sorts of organic molecules.
That doesn’t mean those molecules are labeled with a sticker that says ‘organic’.
Phosphoric acid means these molecules contain carbon.
But not everything on Earth is organic.
Some things lack carbon.
Such substances are commonly referred to as being inorganic.
One of them is phosphoric acid, a corrosive inorganic acid.
Orthophosphoric acid
Trihydroxidooxidophosphorus
o-Phosphoric acid
Its molecular formulas include:
h3po4
This is the most common formula you will see for phosphoric acid and the one you should focus on remembering.
Safety
A link has been shown between long-term regular cola intake and osteoporosis in later middle age in women (but not men).
This was thought to be due to the presence of phosphoric acid, and the risk for women was found to be greater for sugared and caffeinated colas than diet and decaffeinated variants, with a higher intake of cola correlating with lower bone density.
At moderate concentrations phosphoric acid solutions are irritating to the skin.
Contact with concentrated solutions can cause severe skin burns and permanent eye damage.
ANALYSIS ITEMS: STANDARD
H3PO4: 85% Min
Heavy Metals as Pb: 5PPM Max
Arsenic as As: 0.5PPM Max
Fluoride as F: 10PPM Max
H3PO3: 120PPM Max
Chlorides: 5 PPM Max
Sulphates: 5 PPM Max
Fe: 5 PPM Max
Color/Hazen: 20 Max
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) can be produced by 3 main commercial methods: wet process, thermal process and dry kiln process.
Wet process is by far the most common route and the acid can be used in phosphate fertilizers production (DAP, MAP, SPA).
Thermal process phosphoric acid is of a much higher purity and is used in the manufacture of high grade chemicals, pharmaceuticals, detergents, food products, and other nonfertilizer products.
The last method, using a rotary kiln, is a promising alternative because of its reduced environmental footprint and potential cost saving.
The concentration of phosphoric acid is normally expressed as % P2O5 (percent phosphoricanhydride) rather than % H3PO4 (percent phosphoric acid).
In a wet process facility (see figure 1), phosphoric acid is produced by reacting sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with naturally occurring phosphate rock.
The reaction also forms calcium sulfate (CaSO4), commonly referred to as gypsum.
The insoluble gypsum is separated from the reaction solution by filtration.
The operating conditions are generally selected so that the calcium sulfate will be precipitated in either the dihydrate or the hemihydrate form, thus producing 26-32% P2O5 at 70-80°C for dihydrate precipitation and 40-52% P2O5 at 90-110°C for hemihydrate precipitation.
Further evaporation of the solvent can be performed for a high-concentration phosphoric acid.
Alternative Names
E338
Orthophosphoric acid
Phosphoric(V) acid
Pyrophosphoric acid
triphosphoic acid
o-Phosphoric acid
Hydrogen phosphate
Culinary Uses
Adding a desirable sour or tangy taste to foods and beverages.
Phosphoric acid is used in soft drinks for taste.
Substitutions
Citric acid (with different, more citrusy taste notes)
Malic Acid (with different, more apple taste notes)
Purchasing Tips
Ensure you are purchasing food grade phosphoric acid (typically in a concentrations over 85%).
You may also search for E338, the food additive code, which is classified in sequence next to other antioxidants or acidity regulators).
Storage
As Phosphoric acid is an acid, be careful with handling.
The pH of 85% solutions should not be powerful enough to cause bodily harm, but be careful if Phosphoric acid makes skin contact by washing the area.
Can be corrosive when making contact with metals (as one of its uses is rust removal).
Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area with a normal temperature range as phosphoric acid should avoid high temperatures.
As a result, avoid direct sunlight
Production
There are three ways to produce phosphoric acid: thermal process, wet process, and dry kiln process.
With all of these processes, Phosphoric acid is important to ensure that a solvent extraction has been used at the end in order to remove arsenic compounds by-products.
The removal of arsenic is what ensures the phosphoric acid is food grade.
Phosphoric acid
7664-38-2
ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACID
o-Phosphoric acid
Sonac
Phosphorsaeure
POLYPHOSPHORIC ACID
Acidum phosphoricum
Evits
Wc-reiniger
Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid, is a triprotic acid that exists as a dense liquid.
Phosphoric acid is an irritant or corrosive to the skin, eyes, and other mucous membranes of both humans and laboratory animals.
Phosphoric acids salts, though, exhibit a significantly lower irritancy potential.
Moderate toxicity has been observed in mice when exposed via the inhalation route.
Phosphoric acid is not genotoxic nor carcinogenic, but phosphate salts have been reported to promote the activity of known carcinogens.
Exposures are treated typically by irrigation or flushing with water.
Phosphoric acid has enjoyed significant interest as a food additive to various cola drinks, causing great controversy with regard to the potential for harmful effects.
The major consideration in the pollution of the aquatic environment is the pH of the water as regards effects on indigenous flora and fauna.
There is no bioamplification or bioaccumulation reported.
Acide phosphorique
Polyphosphoric acids
Superphosphoric acid
White phosphoric acid
Acido fosforico
Phosphorsaeureloesungen
Acido fosforico [Italian]
Fosforzuuroplossingen
ortho-phosphoric acid
Fosforzuuroplossingen [Dutch]
Phosphoric acid 75%
FEMA No. 2900
Phosphorsaeureloesungen [German]
Acide phosphorique [French]
UNII-E4GA8884NN
Phosphoric acid is a component of fertilizers (80% of total use), detergents, and many household cleaning products.
Dilute solutions have a pleasing acid taste; thus, Phosphoric acid’s also used as a food additive, lending acidic properties to soft drinks and other prepared foods, and in water treatment products.
Phosphoric acid is also used in rust proofing, engraving, and metal coating and is an intermediate or reagent in many manufacturing processes.
Phosphoric acid also occurs naturally in many fruits and their juices.
Apart from use of phosphoric acid itself, the greatest consumption of phosphoric acid is in the manufacture of phosphate salts.
Taking advantage of its ability to lower blood pH, phosphoric acid has been used therapeutically to treat lead poisoning.
dihydroxidodioxidophosphorus(.)
poly(phosphoric acid)
Phosphoric acid 85%
Phosphoric acid [NF]
trihdroxidooxidophosphorus
MFCD00011340
H3PO4
E4GA8884NN
CHEBI:26078
NSC-80804
Phosphoric acid (NF)
NCGC00091005-01
Phosphoric acid solution
Phosphoric acid, although an inorganic acid, is worthy of mention in this chapter.
Phosphoric acid is used predominantly as an acidulant, almost exclusively in the production of carbonated beverages, although its use in foods bears controversy due to its effects on health.
Comparatively, phosphoric acid is extremely inexpensive, possessing a characteristic flat sour taste that is reminiscent of citric acid.
Phosphoric acid is a relatively strong, dissociated acid, enabling Phosphoric acid to easily acidify colas to the low desired pH (2.5) needed to establish proper carbonation, although its antimicrobial efficacy is far inferior to most organic acids, principally due to its dissociated state, which precludes ease of transport across the bacterial membrane.
DSSTox_CID_4263
DSSTox_RID_77346
DSSTox_GSID_24263
acide phosphorique (FRENCH)
9044-08-0
Phosphoric acid, 98+%, pure
Caswell No. 662
Phosphoric acid, ortho-
Phosphoricum acidum
CAS-7664-38-2
CCRIS 2949
HSDB 1187
Phosphoric acid, ACS reagent, >=85 wt. % in H2O
Phosphoric acid, extra pure, 85% solution in water
EINECS 231-633-2
NSC 80804
UN1805
Phosphoric acid, also called orthophosphoric acid, (H3PO4), the most important oxygen acid of phosphorus, used to make phosphate salts for fertilizers.
Phosphoric acid is also used in dental cements, in the preparation of albumin derivatives, and in the sugar and textile industries.
Phosphoric acid serves as an acidic, fruitlike flavouring in food products.
Phosphoric acid was again used for the liquid in these now all-but obsolete silicate cements, although the concentration and additives were different from those used with zinc phosphate cement.
The reason for this choice may be based on a combination of factors.
Phosphoric acid is a relatively weak acid, so that dissolution of the glass would be relatively slow.
However, the particular chemistry of the aluminium ions released may dominate the resultant properties.
Phosphoric acid would tend to give a stronger product due to the stronger ionic interactions between the tribasic phosphoric acid and a trivalent cation.
There would also be better water binding as well because of the high charge and opportunities for hydrogen bonding.
Aluminium ions also readily form polymeric species in solution, with polyvalent anions forming bridges between the similarly highly-charged aluminium cations; phosphate thus performs this role well.
These bridged structures extend as the concentration of aluminium rises during the hydrolysis and dissolution of the glass, and eventually result in the coprecipitation of highly hydrated aluminium phosphate and silica gels.
There may even be some covalent bonding between these two making, in effect, a single network.
These inter-penetrating insoluble gels thus form the matrix of the cement in which are embedded the unreacted glass particles, which again must be in excess to form the strong core of the composite structure.
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076001
Phosphoric acid, for analysis, 85 wt% solution in water
Phospholeum
Marphos
phosphoric cid
Ortho-phosphate
phosphor-ic acid
Phosphate hydrogen
Polyphosphorc acds
NFB Orthophosphate
2HP
Chemical Formula: H3O4P
CAS Number: 7664-38-2
Synonyms: orthophosphoric acid, trihydroxlphosphine oxide, white phosphoric acid
Material Uses: rust inhibitor, dispersing agent, chelating agent, water treatment
Mainly used in industrial and agricultural industries, phosphoric acid, or “phos” for short, is one of the most essential plant nutrients and therefore is often converted into phosphates that are then mixed in with other ingredients to manufacture fertilizer.
Other uses of phosphoric acid include the treatment of water and metal, and sometimes as a flavoring agent in food and beverages.
Our Phosphoric Acid 75% and Phosphoric Acid 85% are certified to NSF Standard 60 as Corrosion & Scale control and pH adjustment for use in drinking treatment.
We also offer these in technical and food grades.
Phosphate dihydrogen
Phosphoric acid ion
Orthophosphate(3-)
ortho phosphoric acid
Phosphate ion(3-)
Monohydrogen phosphate
diphosphate tetrasodium
tetraoxophosphoric acid
Phosphate anion(3-)
ortho- phosphoric acid
Application: Phosphoric Acid is used in food flavoring, beverages, dental products, cosmetics, and skin care products.
Industrially, Phosphoric acid is used mainly in the production of phosphate fertilizers.
Appearance: colorless liquid
Odor: odorless
Taste: tangy or sour
Solubilities: solubleble in water
Density: 1.88 g/cm³
Boiling point: 316.4°F
Freezing point: 71°F
Molecular weight: 98
Weight per gallon: 14.0562 LBs
Class: acid, phosphate, phosphate technical, phosphoric acid
Grades: NF grade, NG/ACS, Reagent (ACS, AR), Reagent/U.V. Spectrophotometric, technical
Phosphate (PO43-)
ACMC-20heq4
Hydrogen phosphate anion
Phosphoric acid, 75%
Phosphoric acid, 85%
Condensed phosphoric acid
tetra-Sodium pyrophosphate
Orthophosphate (PO43-)
Phosphoric acid ion(3-)
Phosphate ion (PO43-)
EC 231-633-2
CHEMBL1187
Phosphoric acid, 10% v/v
PHOSPHORIC ACID-17O4
What is Phosphoric acid?
Phosphoric acid is a weak acid derived from phosphate minerals.
What does Phosphoric acid do?
Phosphoric acid can be used to adjust pH.
In our fluoride mouthwash products Phosphoric acid is used in conjunction with sodium or disodium phosphate to help maintain the pH, or acidity of the product.
When phosphoric acid is combined with fluoride and disodium phosphate it forms an acidulated phosphate fluoride solution as outlined in the FDA’s Anticaries monograph.
This solution promotes remineralization and helps prevent enamel dissolution.
How is Phosphoric acid made?
Our Stewardship Model guides us to select ingredients which have been processed in a manner that supports our philosophy of human and environmental health.
Phosphoric acid is produced from phosphate rock reacted with sulfuric acid.
The phosphoric acid is then purified for use in our products.
What are the alternatives?
For anticaries mouthwash products, with acidulated phosphate fluoride solution, sodium phosphate or disodium phosphate, and phosphoric acid are required in conjunction with Sodium Fluoride per the Anticaries Drug Products for Over-the-Counter Human Use, Final Monograph.
Tom’s offers both fluoride and fluoride free mouthwash options.
Is this the right option for me?
Phosphoric Acid is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the FDA to be used as a food substance for human consumption.
Formula: H3O4P / H3PO4
Molecular mass: 98.0
Decomposes at 213°C
Melting point: 42°C
Density: 1.9 g/cm³
Solubility in water: miscible
Vapour pressure, Pa at 25°C: <10 (negligible)
Relative vapour density (air = 1): 3.4
An unsolved mystery regarding the premature failure of I-80 in Nebraska led in part to this study.
The transverse cracking problems that occurred there, as well as highway performance problems in other States attributed to the use of phosphoric acid but without forensic support, caused State agencies to question the use of phosphoric acid as an asphalt modifier despite its use for 30 years.
A number of preconceived objections exist.
These include the following:
Phosphoric acid is used as a blowing additive to make roofing asphalt.
Phosphoric acid will cause premature aging in paving asphalt.
Phosphoric acid is an acid; Phosphoric acid will react with limestone aggregates.
Phosphoric acid is an acid; Phosphoric acid will react with lime anti-strip additives.
Phosphoric acid is an acid; Phosphoric acid will react with liquid amine antistrip additives (which are alkaline).
Phosphoric acid is very hydrophilic; Phosphoric acid will promote moisture damage.
Phosphoric acid is very hydrophilic; Phosphoric acid will be leached from asphalt pavements and could pollute the surrounding ground water.
The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) carried out surveys in December 2005 and again in October 2008.
States were asked, “Do you allow the use of acid-modified binders?”
The 2005 survey went out to the 50 States as well as the Canadian provinces.
Of 31 respondents, 11 allowed phosphoric acid, 16 banned it, 1 restricted its use, and 3 did not specifically address the issue.
Because the Superpave specification is supposed to be blind to additives, Phosphoric acid is likely that phosphoric acid would have been allowed in the latter three States.
In the 2008 follow-up survey, five States specifically allowed phosphoric acid, eight States banned Phosphoric acid, four placed restrictions on Phosphoric acids use, and three had a specification for elastic recovery or phase angle, which would preclude the use of phosphoric acid as the sole modifier.
Ten States did not address the issue.
Twenty-three States did not respond to the survey.
The more recent 2009–2010 survey conducted by the Asphalt Institute indicated that the use of phosphoric acid is banned by 16 States.
Thirty-two States do not specifically address the issue, which would imply that Phosphoric acid is allowed, although 20 of these States have either an elastic recovery or phase angle specification, (which would preclude the use of phosphoric acid or merely force the inclusion of polymers), leaving 12 States that would allow phosphoric acid as the sole modifier.
One State, Minnesota, has a requirement to carry out the binder tests out after the addition of 0.5-percent liquid amine antistrip additives.
Because amines are alkaline, phosphoric acid would be expected to react with the amines and might preclude the use of phosphoric acid.
Binder tests are usually carried out before the addition of amine antistrip additives.
D-Mannan, dihydrogen phosphate
INS NO.338
DTXSID5024263
Phosphoric acid, AR, >=88%
Phosphoric acid, technical grade
[PO(OH)3]
BDBM14671
CHEBI:52641
H3 P O4
INS-338
Phosphoric acid is a crystalline acid obtained e.g. by treating phosphates with sulfuric acid, used in fertilizer and soap manufacture and food processing.
Due to Phosphoric acids non-toxic properties, phosphoric acid is used by a variety of industries in multiple applications.
Phosphoric acid can be found in cosmetic and skincare products, water treatment and metal cleaners, as well as fertilizer compounds.
The chemical itself lends itself well to control the pH level of substances and as rust removal for metals including iron and steel.
Synonyms: orthophosphoric acid, phosphoric acid
INCI: Phosphoric Acid
Chemical formula: H3PO4
CAS # 7664-38-2
Hazard: Non-hazardous
trihydrogen tetraoxophosphate(3-)
Phosphoric acid solution, 1.0 M
Phosphoric acid, AR, 88-93%
Phosphoric acid, LR, 88-93%
phosphoric acid (ACD/Name 4.0)
Phosphoric Acid (Fragrance Grade)
Phosphoric Acid 85% Reagent ACS
NSC80804
Phosphoric acid is the chemical found in soft drinks.
Phosphoric acid’s actually the second most added chemical in the food industry.
We know sugar is bad for you and we’ve heard the studies about how soda is unhealthy as wel, but how does phosphoric acid really affect your teeth?
What Is Phosphoric Acid?
Phosphoric acid adds a “bite” to beverages and foods, and damages your teeth due to its low pH level.
How Does Phosphoric Acid Affect Your Teeth?
The combination of low pH levels and phosphoric acid can be deadly for your teeth and enamel.
This combination actually weakens and softens your tooth enamel.
Softened tooth enamel can cause plaque formation.
Plaque formation leads to further enamel erosion, and if Phosphoric acid gets severe enough then the erosion can go through your enamel and cause tooth pain and sensitivity.
At this point, a dentist would have to go over numerous options with you for surgery or further treatment.
How Can You Limit Your Phosphoric Acid Intake?
If you want to limit your phosphoric acid intake, there are a few things you can do.
You can limit your soda intake and look for phosphoric acid in any of your food items.
If you do drink soda and can’t kick the habit, then try to decrease your intake or drink water afterwards.
Why Sugar-Free Soda is Also Bad for Your Teeth
While the common thought would be that less sugar in a drink like soda would equate to less damage to the teeth.
This thought is, however, not fully correct as sugar-free soda contains many of the same damaging elements that regular soda contains.
Sugar and bacteria combine in the mouth to form a teeth-damaging acid.
Soda labeled as sugar-free is made with Phosphoric acids own acid — also weakening tooth enamel and damaging to dental health.
Research has found the same amount of damage to the teeth occurs from drinking regular soda and sugar-free soda.
Remember that many soda, juice and other sugary drinks may contain other acids such as citric acid and tartaric acid, so to protect dental health, be wary of all or be sure to thoroughly brush your teeth after drinking.
Phosphoric acid, 85%, ACS grade
Phosphoric acid, puriss., >=99%
Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 10-hydrate
Tox21_111053
Tox21_202285
Tox21_303246
ANW-44010
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air. Call a Poison Centre or doctor if the victim feels unwell.
Skin Contact: Avoid direct contact.
Wear chemical protective clothing if necessary.
Quickly take off contaminated clothing, shoes and leather goods (e.g. watchbands, belts).
Immediately flush with lukewarm, gently flowing water for at least 30 minutes.
DO NOT INTERRUPT FLUSHING.
If Phosphoric acid can be done safely, continue flushing during transport to hospital.
Immediately call a Poison Centre or doctor.
Treatment is urgently required.
Transport to a hospital.
Thoroughly clean clothing, shoes and leather goods before reuse or dispose of safely.
Eye Contact: Avoid direct contact.
Wear chemical protective gloves if necessary.
Immediately flush the contaminated eye(s) with lukewarm, gently flowing water for at least 30 minutes, while holding the eyelid(s) open.
If a contact lens is present, DO NOT delay flushing or attempt to remove the lens.
Neutral saline solution may be used as soon as Phosphoric acid is available.
DO NOT INTERRUPT FLUSHING.
If necessary, continue flushing during transport to hospital.
Take care not to rinse contaminated water into the unaffected eye or onto the face.
Immediately call a Poison Centre or doctor.
Treatment is urgently required.
Transport to a hospital.
Ingestion: Have victim rinse mouth with water.
If vomiting occurs naturally, have victim lean forward to reduce risk of aspiration.
Have victim rinse mouth with water again.
Immediately call a Poison Centre or doctor.
Treatment is urgently required.
Transport to a hospital.
First Aid Comments: Some of the first aid procedures recommended here require advanced first aid training.
All first aid procedures should be periodically reviewed by a doctor familiar with the chemical and its conditions of use in the workplace.
Phosphoric acid, ACS reagent, 85%
Phosphoric acid, for HPLC, >=85%
AKOS028109726
DB09394
MCULE-5726619687
Y-11A06
NCGC00091005-02
NCGC00257071-01
NCGC00259834-01
E338
Phosphoric acid [UN1805] [Corrosive]
Phosphoric acid, BioUltra, >=85% (T)
Sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate BioChemica
E 338
E-338
P1745
Phosphoric acid, SAJ first grade, >=85.0%
C00009
D05467
Phosphoric acid is a colorless, clear and odorless liquid.
Phosphoric acid is a strong inorganic acid with the chemical formula H3PO4.
Phosphoric acid can be produced by absorbing phosphorous pentoxide directly in water or through the digestion of phosphate rock with sulfuric acid.
The most common form of phosphoric acid is an 85 percent aqueous solution.
Phosphoric acid has a wide range of uses, including as a food additive, rust inhibitor, fertilizers, electrolyte, dispersing agent, dental and orthopedic etchant and many more.
Quality Level: 200
vapor density: 3.4 (vs air)
vapor pressure
2.2 mmHg ( 20 °C)
5 mmHg ( 25 °C)
assay: 99.99% trace metals basis
form: liquid
concentration: 85 wt. % in H2O
bp: 158 °C (lit.)
mp: ~40 °C (lit.)
density: 1.685 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Featured Industry: Battery Manufacturing
SMILES string: OP(O)(O)=O
InChI: 1S/H3O4P/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4)
InChI key: NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Gene Information: human … SRC(6714)
Orthophosphoric acid, 85% w/w aqueous solution
Phosphoric acid, JIS special grade, >=85.0%
Q184782
J-523994
Phosphoric acid, ACS reagent, 85+% solution in water
Q27110336
Phosphoric acid solution, 85 wt. % in H2O, FCC, FG
Phosphoric acid, p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, 85%
730A9101-D5DE-4668-97CA-7B6178B84417
Phosphoric acid, crystalline, >=99.999% trace metals basis
Phosphoric acid, puriss. p.a., crystallized, >=99.0% (T)
Phosphoric acid, 85 wt. % in H2O, 99.99% trace metals basis
Phosphoric acid, BioReagent, suitable for insect cell culture, 85%
Phosphoric acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Phosphoric acid, >=85 wt. % in H2O, >=99.999% trace metals basis
Phosphoric acid is an incredibly diverse product acid used in a wide array of applications.
This product is manufactured by mining and processing the element Phosphorous.
Considering phosphorous is not a renewable resource, Phosphoric acid’s vitally important to align with a distributor who provides assured supply.
Univar Solutions has strong supplier relationships and the distribution capabilities to ensure your phosphoric acid needs are met.
With more than 120 locations throughout the USA, our private fleet of trucks and rail cars and our professional service at every touchpoint, we are here to serve you chemical and ingredient needs.
Phosphoric acid, semiconductor grade VLSI PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17644)
Phosphoric acid, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., >=85%
Phosphoric acid, semiconductor grade MOS PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17938), >=85%
Phosphoric acid, semiconductor grade PURANAL(TM) (Honeywell 17861), >=85%
62046-92-8
NFB
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is the leading inorganic acid produced and consumed in terms of production value and Phosphoric acid is the second largest in terms of volume—after sulfuric acid.
By far its greatest use is in the manufacture of phosphate chemicals consumed primarily as carriers of phosphorus values in fertilizers.
Phosphoric acid is using in the production of animal feeds is of secondary importance.
Phosphoric acid is also used in the manufacture of phosphate chemicals for use in water treatment and detergent builders, dentifrices, fire control chemicals, and a host of smaller markets.
Consumption of phosphoric acid for Phosphoric acids acid properties is relatively small (e.g., treatment of metal surfaces, beverage acidulation).
Phosphoric acid is the leading intermediate product or processing step between phosphate rock and the end markets for phosphorus in phosphate form.
The supply/demand balance for phosphoric acid is supply driven.
If all the announced projects materialize, operating rates will improve.
Emerging regions are heavily investing in downstream phosphate fertilizer production units.
As a result, Phosphoric acid is expected that older phosphoric acid production units in regions without indigenous phosphate rock reserves will come under additional pressure and will eventually be forced to close.
Phosphate atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 1.00 g PO43-, 1.00 g/L, for 1L standard solution, analytical standard
Phosphate atomic spectroscopy standard concentrate 10.00 g PO43-, 10.00 g/L, for 1 l standard solution, analytical standard
Phosphoric acid solution, NMR reference standard, 85% in D2O (99.9 atom % D), NMR tube size 3 mm x 8 in.
Phosphoric acid solution, NMR reference standard, 85% in D2O (99.9 atom % D), NMR tube size 4.2 mm x 8 in. , WGS-5BL Coaxial NMR tube
Phosphoric acid solution, NMR reference standard, 85% in D2O (99.9 atom % D), NMR tube size 5 mm x 8 in.
Phosphoric acid, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, packed in coated, shock- and leak-protected glass bottle, >=85% (T)
Phosphoric acid, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, NF, FCC, 85.0-88.0%