COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE
Chemical Name: Cocamide propyl betaine
INCI Name: COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE
Appearance: Liquid
Amphoteric surfactants like Cocamidopropyl betaine are molecules that can have both a negative and a positive charge at the same time.
They are an important group of substances that are widely used despite the fact that their cleansing power is markedly lower than that of anionic surfactants
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric surfactant derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is a zwitterion consisting of both a quaternary ammonium cation and a carboxylate. Cocamidopropyl betaine is predominately used as a ingredient of cosmetic and detergent.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a clear liquid commonly used in cosmetics as a foam booster, emulsifying agent and thickener.
It is an organic compound derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine acts as an amphoteric surfactant, foam booster and thickening agent.
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE is an alkyl amidopropyl betaine having an alkyl group derived from coconut oil.
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE is compatible with all surfactant classes: anionic, non-ionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants.
When formulated on the mildly acidic side, the positively charged nitrogen aids in substantivity, reducing the static charge and making the hair easy to comb and softer.
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE is stable in both acidic and alkaline formulations and are peroxide and hypochlorite stable.
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE is suitable for personal care shampoos, hand soaps & body washes.It is gentle surfactant used in skincare products, almost always as a secondary cleansing agent and lather booster. When used alone as the sole cleansing agent, it is too mild to clean adult skin and hair.
Cocamidopropyl betaine may be plant-derived or synthetic, with either form considered safe for use in cosmetic products. It is considered low risk for sensitizing skin, although impurities resulting from poor manufacturing can increase the risk.
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE is classified as :
Antistatic
Cleansing
Foam boosting
Hair conditioning
Surfactant
Viscosity controlling
CAS Number: 61789-40-0
EINECS/ELINCS No: 263-058-8
COSING REF No: 75231
Chem/IUPAC Name: 2-[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl-dimethylazaniumyl]acetate
CAS Number: 86438-79-1
Synonyms: N-(carboxy methyl)-N, N-Dimethyl-3-[(1-Oxococonut) amino]-1-Propanaminium Hydroxide, Inner Salt, Coco betaine, CAPB, CAB
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric surfactant derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is a zwitterionic chemical compound with a quaternary ammonium cation. It is a clear to pale yellow transparent liquid and is used as a surfactant and as an emulsifying agent and thickener.
It is compatible with other cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is commonly used as a viscosity builder, foam booster, mild detergent, hair manageability improver.
For the manufacturing of: baby, adult and pet shampoos, hair conditioners, hand soap, bubble bath, shower gels, industrial cleaning formulations.
Description: Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) is a mixture of closely related organic compounds derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. CAPB is available as a viscous pale yellow solution and it is used as a surfactant in personal care products. The name reflects that the major part of the molecule, the lauric acid group, is derived from coconut oil. Cocamidopropyl Betaine to a significant degree has replaced Cocamide DEA.
Color: Clear – Pale yellow liquid, no or faint odor.
Common Uses: Cocamidopropyl Betaine is used as a foam booster in shampoos. It is a medium strength surfactant also used in bath products like hand soaps. It is also used in cosmetics as an emulsifying agent and thickener, and to reduce irritation purely ionic surfactants would cause. It also serves as an antistatic agent in hair conditioners, which most often does not irritate skin or mucous membranes. However, some studies indicate it is an allergen. It also has antiseptic properties, making it suitable for personal sanitary products. It is compatible with other cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is an amphoteric surfactant. It not only possesses excellent foaming and cleaning property, but also gives no irritation to both skin and mucous membrane. It is applicable in shampoo, shower lotion and baby care products
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is an alkyl amidopropyl betaine derived from stripped coconut fatty acid.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine acts as a surfactant, foam booster\stabilizer and viscosity builder.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine promotes high foaming of formulations and are stable above pH 4.
It is free of glycerine and preservative. When formulated in slightly acid pH, the positive charge of nitrogen reduces the static charge and aids in substantivity, making the hair softer and easy to comb. Used in hand soaps, shampoos & body washes.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine acts as a mild surfactant, foaming and thickening agent.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is derived from whole coconut oil for use in personal care like baby shampoos, bubble bath and hair care applications.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is compatible with anionic, nonionic and cationic surfactants and it is stable above pH 4.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is an economical betaine that is preservative-free.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an organic compound derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine.
It is commonly used as a gentle replacement for purely synthetic SLS and SLES surfactants, both highly irritating to the skin.
Betaines are zwitterionic compounds containing both anionic (carboxylate) and cationic (alkylammonium) groups, thus combining certain properties of both anionic and cationic surfactants.
From the former they inherit good cleansing properties which make them suitable for bath products and hand soaps.
They are also often added to shampoos as a foam booster.
On the other hand, thanks to the presence of cationic groups, betaines have antistatic properties, crucial for hair conditioners, and antiseptic properties, making them suitable for personal sanitary products.
Their zwitterionic nature renders them compatible with both ionic (cationic or anionic) and nonionic surfactants.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine acts as an amphoteric surfactant, mild detergent, emulsifier, fragrance solubilizer and wetting agent. It is derived from the coconut.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is used in low irritating shampoos.
Cocamidopropyl betaine acts as a surfactant/cleansing agent, foaming agent, antistatic agent, hair and skin conditioning agent.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is used in haircare products, skin care products and in other cosmetic care applications.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine acts as viscosity builder for anionic surfactants solutions.CAPB is mild and has hard water compatibility. CAPB has excellent biodegradability.
Cocamido propyl Betaine is compatible with anionic, non-ionic and cationic surfactant.
Cocamido propyl Betaine possesses foaming properties and foam stabilization. Cocamido propyl Betaine provides reduction of irritation of anionic surfactants to skin and eyes. Cocamido propyl Betaine is used in skin and hair cleansing products like shampoos, shower gels, foam baths and liquid soaps.
Typically, there are 30%, 35%, 45%, and other specifications of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB), of which 30% is the main one.
Coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine are the main raw materials.
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is obtained from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. CAPB is a viscous pale yellow solution and is used as a surfactant in personal care products.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a mild amphoteric surfactant offering excellent foaming capabilities. It is used in a wide variety of applications in the household and personal care industries and is an important and probably most used secondary surfactant. It is used as a foam booster in Bubble Bath, Shower Gels, Liquid Soaps and Shampoos.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is used in personal care products like shampoos, hand soaps, and toothpastes, and in cosmetics as an emulsifying agent and thickener. It is also used in conditioners to reduce static cling.
• 1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxococonut) amino)-, hydroxide, inner salt
• N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N-(2-(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl) beta-alanine, norcoco acyl derivs., disodium salts
• N-(Carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxococonut)amino)-1-propanaminium hydroxide, inner salt
• CADG
• Cocamidopropyl betaine
• Cocamidopropyl dimethyl glycine
• Cocoamphocarboxypropionate
• Quaternary ammonium compounds, (carboxymethyl)(3cocoamidopropyl) dimethyl, hydroxides, inner salts
• beta-Alanine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl)-, norcoco acyl derivs., disodium salts
• Cocoamphodiproprionate
• Cocoyl amide propylbetaine
• Disodium cocoamphodipropionate Mirataine CB
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric synthetic detergent that has been increasingly used in cosmetics and personal hygiene products (eg, shampoos, contact lens solutions, toothpaste detergents, makeup removers, bath gels, skin care products, cleansers, liquid soaps, antiseptics
Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) is a zwitterionic ammonium compound that is used primarily as an amphoteric surfactant in shampoos, conditioners, and other cleaning preparations.
This mild amphoteric surfactant is used as a foam booster and viscosity builder in many personal care applications as well as specialty foamer applications, hard surface cleaning and vehicle care.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine also called CAPB is a fatty acid amide derived from coconuts. It has several functions in cosmetic products, but it is mainly used as a surfactant or because of it’s cleaning properties in cosmetic rinse off products such as shampoos, liquid soaps and other bathing products.
These product’s abilities to clean and rinse often have an unwanted side effect; namely to cause skin irritation since they remove fats from the skin. The reason why CAPB is popular, is because it is less irritating compared to other surfactants and detergents such as for example Sodium Lauryl Sulfate which is frequently used in cosmetic products, especially shampoos and bathproducts.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a mixture of closely related organic compounds derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine that typically acts as an amphoteric surfactant in cosmetics and personal care products.
It is a zwitterionic ammonium compound and fatty acid amide that contains a long hydrocarbon chain and a polar group at each end.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is used as a foam booster in shampoos, emulsifying agent, thickener, antistatic agent and rarely an antiseptic agent.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is an organic compound derived from coconut oil that you can find in many of your “natural” or “organic” skincare and hair care products.
CAPB is created by mixing raw coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine, creating what is known as an amphoteric surfactant.
This compound can act as an acid or a base depending on its surroundings.
When used in shampoos and soaps, it creates a thick lather. When used in conditioner, it becomes an anti-static agent
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a very mild and versatile compound. As a surfactant it gently washes skin and hair and creates a luxurious foam. It’s also a good thickener and emulsifier, helping products to keep things together and is commonly considered a hair and skin conditioner too.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) is the most important secondary surfactant used in personal care and household products.
Even the most modern CAPB-types still contain more water than active matter.
Water which needs to be heated in the manufacturing process, which needs to be transported, and needs to be stored in storage tanks.
The high water content not only contributes to the cost of production and logistics, but is also not favorable with respect to sustainability.
Continuous research in the field of betaines has lead to another break-through in CAPB quality with a product containing approximately 47 % active matter and less than 43 % water.
Thus, savings in energy consumption and shipping volume of more than 36 % can be achieved as compared to the common 30 % CAPB quality.
The typically desired surfactant properties, the positive effects on foam and rheology could be maintained.
Moreover, further im- provements in quality and even additional skin care effects such as enhanced skin moisturization could be achieved.
Key words: Cocamidopropyl betaine, secondary surfactant, sus- tainability, personal care
COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE
Coco Betaine belongs to the class of amphoteric surfatants (specifically alkylbetaine) which can impart mildness to shampoo and skin cleanser formulations and are often used in conjunction with nonionics particularly in baby shampoos. It is manufactured using LDMA and MCA (our Product-HYB-30). Alkylbetaines (Coco Betaine) with alkyl chains ranging from 12 to 16 carbons are biodegradable.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a mixture of compounds derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is available as a viscous pale yellow solution and it is used as a surfactant in personal care products.
CAPB is a fatty acid amide containing a long hydrocarbon chain at one end and a polar group at the other.
This allows CAPB to act as a surfactant and as a detergent. It is a zwitterion, consisting of both a quaternary ammonium cation and a carboxylate.
It finds application as a foam booster in shampoos, medium strength surfactant in bath products like hand soaps and in cosmetics as an emulsifying agent and thickener.
It also serves as an antistatic agent in hair conditioners, which most often does not irritate skin or mucous membranes and is biodegradable.
Uses:
antistatic agents
cleansing agents
hair conditioning
surfactants
surfactant – foam boosting
viscosity controlling agents
Use: Emulsifying Agent, Thickener, Surfactant, Ant-Static Agent used in Cosmetics, Hair Conditioner, Shampoo, Hand Soap, Detergents, Bubble Bath and Shower Gel.
Use: Cocamidopropyl betaine is an organic compound derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is used as a surfactant in personal care products.
Use: Exhibits thickening effect when used with anionic surfactants; low irritation.
Use: Mild surfactant with gentle cleansing properties. Foam booster/stabiliser.
Use: Cocamidopropyl betaine is a high-foaming, mild surfactant. Stable over a wide pH range. Excellent foam and viscosity building with anionics suggest uses in shampoos, bubble baths, liquid soaps, conditioners and skin cleansers.
Synonyms:
amphosol CA
amphosol CA CG
amphosol CG
amphosol CG-50
amphosol CG-K
amphosol HCA
amphosol HCG
amphosol HCG-K
betaine AAB
chembetaine C surfactant
chembetaine C-42 surfactant
chembetaine CAD surfactant
chembetaine CGF surfactant
cocamido propyl betaine
cocamidopropyl betaine(CAB-35)
coco aminopropyl dimethyl betaine
cocoamidopropyl betaine
cocoamidopropyl dimethyl amine betaine
crodateric CAB 30
foamtaine CAB
foamtaine CAB-A
foamtaine CAB-G
lonzaine C
mirataine CAB/A
monemide – CPB
nikkol AM-3130N
norfox coco betaine
nutrol betaine me
petrostep CG-50
schercotaine CAB-35 betaine amphoteric
surfatex BA-35
surfatex BK-35
Product advantages:
has a mild effect on the skin;
reduces the irritating properties of preparations containing anionic surface-active compounds;
has excellent foaming and thickening properties in a wide range of pH and water hardness;
has an antistatic effect;
100% eco-friendly product, confirmed by the prestigious ECOCERT quality mark awarded in 2017;
recommended for cleaning glass and glossy surfaces due to the lower tendency to leave streaks;
supports the dispersion of sparingly soluble ester salts in dyeing baths as well as dyes and pigments in the final processing of textiles;
Applications:
cosmetics and detergents;
shampoos and colouring shampoos;
hair conditioners;
shaving foam;
bath lotions;
shower lotions and gels;
liquid soaps;
intimate hygiene products;
face wash cosmetics;
micellar fluids;
oral hygiene products;
spray cleaners for hard surfaces, mainly All Purpose Cleaners (APC);
mild foam concentrates for spray waxing and drying in automatic car washes;
compositions for printing on textile fibres;
drilling mud intended for the lubrication, cleaning and cooling of drilling tools;
drilling muds – foaming agent and foam stabilizer.
Categories
Alternative names
1-Propanaminium, 3-amino-N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-, N-C8-18(even numbered) acyl derivs., hydroxides, inner salts, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, amphoteric surfactant from the betain group, betaine
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a mild amphoteric surfactant used as a foam and viscosity booster, thickening agent, humectant and antistatic agent in surfactant formulations, especially in personal care products, cosmetics and HI&I cleaners.
What Is It?
Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAPB) and Lauramidopropyl Betaine are part of a class of ingredients called amidopropyl betaines.
These ingredients consist of various fatty acids bound to amidopropyl betaine.
Why is it used in cosmetics and personal care products?
Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Lauramidopropyl Betaine and related amidopropyl betaines are used mainly as surfactants in cosmetic and personal care products.
Surfactants help to clean skin and hair by helping water to mix with oil and dirt so that they can be rinsed away.
In this regard, they behave like detergents (soap) and so are found in bath products, skin cleansing products and hair care products, such as shampoos, conditioners and sprays.
CAPB is also used in household cleaning products, including laundry detergents, hand dishwashing liquids and hard surface cleaners.
Other functions reported for these ingredients include: antistatic agent, hair conditioning agent, skin-conditioning agent – miscellaneous, surfactant – cleansing agent, surfactant – foam booster and viscosity increasing agent – aqueous.
Scientific Facts:
Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Lauramidopropyl Betaine and the other related amidopropyl betaines are similar in chemistry.
These ingredients share the presence of two manufacturing by-products (3,3-dimethylaminopropylamine [DMAPA] and fatty acid amidopropyl dimethylamine [amidoamine]).
DMAPA and amidoamine are both known skin allergens (sensitizers). Therefore, manufacturers keep the levels of DMAPA and amidoamine in ingredients like CAPB and Lauramidopropyl Betaine as low as possible through manufacturing controls and continual quality monitoring.
Typical properties of Cocamidopropyl Betaine include excellent foamability, foam stability even in hard waters, very good tolerance with skin and mucous membranes, conditioning effect on hair and skin and compatibility with all other types of surfactants.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is therefore used for the preparation of shampoos, conditioners, bubble baths, baby products, liquid soaps, shower gels, dishwashing liquids, automotive cleaners etc.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a mixture of closely related organic compounds derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine.
CAPB is available as a viscous pale yellow solution and it is used as a surfactant in personal care products.
The name reflects that the major part of the molecule, the lauric acid group, is derived from coconut oil.
Cocamidopropyl betaine to a significant degree has replaced cocamide DEA.
CAS Number: 61789-40-0
Cocamidopropyl betaine (also called CAPB) is a naturally-derived substance that’s sourced from coconut oil.
This sticky liquid is slightly yellow in appearance and has a slightly “fatty” odor.
To produce cocamidopropyl betaine, raw coconut oil is combined with a colorless liquid called dimethylaminopropylamine to create a “surfactant.”
In countless cleaning and personal care products, it’s the surfactants that break the surface tension in water, attach to dirt, and rinse it away.
Cocamidopropyl betaine founds application in shampoo, soaps, toothpaste, shaving cream, makeup removers, body washes, and various detergents and cleaners.
This substance is used to:
Create rich, thick lather in foaming products
Soften hair and reduce static in conditioners
Thicken personal care products and cleaners.
Coco betaine and cocamidopropyl betaine are often used interchangeably, but they’re not exactly the same.
Like all surfactants, both substances are created through a synthetic process and used in similar applications – but cocamidopropyl has a slightly different chemical makeup.
Coco betaine is a natural surfactant used in all of the personal products mentioned above.
The “coco” refers to coconut oil. Betaine is a naturally-derived ingredient used to thicken and improve the texture of certain products.
It also helps to hydrate skin and smooth hair.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a chemical compound found in many personal care and household cleaning products.
CAPB is a surfactant, which means that it interacts with water, making the molecules slippery so they don’t stick together.
When water molecules don’t stick together, they are more likely to bond with dirt and oil so when you rinse away the cleaning product, the dirt rinses away, too.
In some products, CAPB is the ingredient that makes lather.
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a synthetic fatty acid made from coconuts, so products that are considered “natural” can contain this chemical.
Production
Despite the name cocamidopropyl betaine, the molecule is not synthesized from betaine.
Instead it is produced in a two step manner, beginning with the reaction of dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) with fatty acids from coconut or palm kernel oil (lauric acid, or its methyl ester, is the main constituent).
The primary amine in DMAPA is more reactive than the tertiary amine, leading to its selective addition to form an amide.
In the second step chloroacetic acid reacts with the remaining tertiary amine to form a quaternary ammonium center (a quaternization reaction).
CH3(CH2)10COOH + H2NCH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2 → CH3(CH2)10CONHCH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2
CH3(CH2)10CONHCH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2 + ClCH2CO2H + NaOH → CH3(CH2)10CONHCH2CH2CH2N+(CH3)2CH2CO2− + NaCl + H2O
Chemistry
CAPB is a fatty acid amide containing a long hydrocarbon chain at one end and a polar group at the other.
This allows CAPB to act as a surfactant and as a detergent.
It is a zwitterion, consisting of both a quaternary ammonium cation and a carboxylate.
Specifications and properties
Cocamidopropyl betaine is used as a foam booster in shampoos.
It is a medium-strength surfactant also used in bath products like hand soaps.
It is also used in cosmetics as an emulsifying agent and thickener, and to reduce irritation purely ionic surfactants would cause.
It also serves as an antistatic agent in hair conditioners, which most often does not irritate skin or mucous membranes. However, some studies indicate it is an allergen.
CAPB is obtained as an aqueous solution in concentrations of about 30%.
Typical impurities of leading manufacturers today:
Sodium monochloroacetate < 5 ppm
Amidoamine (AA) < 0.3%
Dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) < 15 ppm
Glycerol < 3%
The impurities AA and DMAPA are most critical, as they have been shown to be responsible for skin sensitization reactions.
These by-products can be avoided by a moderate excess chloroacetate and the exact adjustment of pH value during betainization reaction accompanied by regular analytical control.
Niche Uses
CAPB is also used as a co-surfactant with Sodium dodecyl sulfate for promoting the formation of gas hydrates.[7] CAPB, as an additive, helps to scale-up the gas hydrates’ formation process.[8]
Cocamidopropyl Betaine
Amphoteric surfactant for the cosmetic industry
Chemical characterization: Alkyl amido propyl betaine
CAS number : 70851-07-9
EINECS number : 274-923-4
Composition
Alkyl amidopropyl betaine, C12-18
INCI name: Cocamidopropyl Betaine
Product properties *)
Appearance (20 °C) clear liquid
Hazen colour number max. 200
pH-value (5 % tel quel in water) 4.0 – 5.0
Active substance 29.0 – 31.0 %
NaCl content max. 6.0 %
Cocosamido amine max. 0.5 %
Sodium monochloracetate max. 20 ppm
Manufacture
Cocamidopropyl Betaineis produced by reaction of coconut fatty acid with N,N dimethylamino propylamine and reaction of this coconut fatty acid amide with mono chloro acetic acid
Profile
Cocamidopropyl Betainehas good foaming properties and shows outstanding thickening action in combination with Ethersulphates like Genapol LRO and salt.
However, Cocamidopropyl Betaineis one of the mildest Co-Surfactants used for personal care applications.
The mildness of formulations on the basis of Ethersulphates like SLES are greatly improved.
Due to this properties Cocamidopropyl Betainecan be used in all mild skin or hair cleansing formulations like face cleaning gels, shower gels, shampoos, foam baths or liquid soaps in amounts of 2 to 10 %.
Compatibility
Being an amphoteric surfactant, Cocamidopropyl Betaineshows high compatibility to anionic, cationic or nonionic substances.
The properties of Cocamidopropyl Betaine are not affected by hard water.
Viscosity behaviour
The viscosity of aqueous solutions of Ethersulphates like SLES can be improved easily over a broad area by mixing with different amounts of Cocamidopropyl Betaineand salt.
This thickening effect is one of the most comfortable ways to finish the formulation.
Foaming behaviour
In comparison to other mild Co-Surfactants Cocamidopropyl Betaine shows good foaming capacity.
Storage
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is stable for at least three years at room temperature in its original containers.
Amphoteric emulgator for the manufacture of bitumen emulsions
Application
Cocamidopropyl Betaineis highly suitable for the manufacture of cationic or anionic bitumen emulsions
Typical formulation for a 60 % cationactive bitumen emulsion based on Cocamidopropyl Betaine
Bitumen* B 200 or B 80 60,0 %
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 4,5 %
Hydrochloric acid conc. 1,0 %
Water 34,5 %
Typical formulation for a 60 % anionactive bitumen emulsion based on Cocamidopropyl Betaine
Bitumen* B 200 or B 80 60,0 %
Cocamidopropyl Betaine 4,5 %
Sodium hydroxide solution 50 % 0,1 %
Water 35,4 %
Cocamidopropyl betaine
Another group of commonly used compounds are the long-chain betaines, an important example of which is cocamidopropyl betaine,
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Structurally, Thau describes betaine surfactants as internally compensated quaternary ammonium compounds that differ from quaternary ammonium salts in that they do not have a mobile anion.
Betaines retain their positive molecular charge and cationic character in both acidic and alkaline media.
Since these surfactants do not acquire positive or negative charges according to the pH of their aqueous solution, it has been reasoned that it is also incorrect to classify betaines as amphoteric surfactants.
The general opinion then is that betaines should rightfully be classified as cationics.
In the isoelectric range surface-active betaines exist in the zwitterionic structure: R–N+ (CH3)2–CH2–COO−.
In spite of this most betaine suppliers continue to categorize them as amphoterics or as ampholytes.
Betaines are inherently mild to the skin and eyes.
They also have strong anti-irritant properties when combined with anionic surfactants as shown later in this chapter.
Betaines are not affected by water hardness and produce excellent foam with good stability in soft and hard water.
According to Thau, they are generally compatible with both anionic and cationic surfactants, with the exception of anionics at low pH.
The cocamidopropyl betaine derivative has better compatibility with anionics at higher use concentration than coco-betaines.
These compounds, in conjunction with other anionics, have low skin and ocular irritation properties and, as discussed previously, are effective foam boosters and thickeners/viscosity builders for many anionic surfactants.
What are some products that may contain cocamidopropyl betaine?
Anti-Fungal Products
Cosmetics
Hair Coloring Kits
Hair Styling Products
Mouthwash
Shampoo/Conditioner
Soaps and Body Washes
Toothpaste
Cocamidopropyl betaine
Amphoteric L
Lauroylamide propylbetaine
4292-10-8
86438-79-1
LAURAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE
3-Lauroylamidopropyl betaine
N-Laurylamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylbetaine
UNII-23D6XVI233
23D6XVI233
Lauroylaminopropyldimethylaminoacetate
Cocoamidopropyl betaine
{[3-(Dodecanoylamino)propyl](dimethyl)ammonio}acetate
Softazoline LPB
Obazoline CAB
1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-, inner salt
Amphitol 20AB
Anpholex LB 2
Coco Amido Betaine
cocamidopropylbetaine
Rewoteric AMB 12
Tego-Betain L 90
(3-(Lauroylamino)propyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid
[3-(Lauroylamino)propyl]dimethylaminoacetic acid
Dimethyl(lauramidopropyl)betaine
61789-40-0
Mirataine CB
Empigen BR
Lexaine LM
Monateric LMAB
1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-, inner salt
Mackam LMB
Enagicol L 30B
Cocoamphodiproprionate
CADG
Lauroylamidopropylbetaine
Cocoamphocarboxypropionate
Lebon 2000L
(3-Laurylaminopropyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid, hydroxide, inner salt
Cocoyl amide propylbetaine
2-((3-Dodecanamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)acetate
SCHEMBL22684
Cocamidopropyl dimethyl glycine
COCOOLEAMIDOPROPYLBETAINE
CHEMBL1231297
DTXSID4041282
NSC8191
C19H38N2O3
NSC 8191
NSC-8191
EINECS 224-292-6
AKOS032949829
I427
Glycine, (3-lauramidopropyl)dimethylbetaine
FT-0670746
FT-0778003
EC 224-292-6
N-(Dodecylamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium betaine
Q1090054
W-105096
(3-Laurylaminopropyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid, inner salt
UNII-5M84PX7JN2 component MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
UNII-5OCF3O11KX component MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
1-Propanaminium,N-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-, hydroxide, inner salt
Ammonium, (carboxymethyl)(3-lauramidopropyl)dimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt
N-[3-(DODECANOYLAMINO)PROPYL]-N,N-DIMETHYLGLYCINATE; COCOAMIDOPROPYLBETAINE
1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxococonut)amino)-, hydroxide, inner salt
1-Propanaminium, N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-, hydroxide, inner salt
beta-Alanine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl)-, norcoco acyl derivs., disodium salts
N-(2-Aminoethyl)-N-(2-(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl) beta-alanine, norcoco acyl derivs., disodium salts
N-(Carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxococonut)amino)-1-propanam- inium hydroxide, inner salt
N-(Carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-1-propanam- inium hydroxide, inner salt
Quaternary ammonium compounds, (carboxymethyl)(3-cocoamidopropyl)dimethyl, hydroxides, inner salts
Synonyms
Alkateric Cab-A
CAPB ChEBI
cocamidopropylbetaine ChEBI
Coco Amido Betaine
Cocoamidopropylbetaine
Coconut oil amidopropyl betaine
N-(3-Cocoamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethyl betaine
N-(3-Cocoamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethylammonium hydroxide, inner salt
N-(Coco alkyl) amido propyl dimethyl betaine
N-(Cocoamidopropyl)-N,N-dimethyl-N-carboxymethyl ammonium, betaine
N-Cocamidopropyl-N,N-dimethylglycine, hydroxide, inner salt
Cocobetaine
Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Cocamidopropyl Betainecocoglucoside
Cocobetaine is one of the sugar surfactants and has a pH value between 5 and 6. It is particularly easily absorbed by the skin and mucous membranes.
Despite its mildness, it has good foaming and cleaning properties and is therefore ideal for baby products and cleaning products for sensitive skin.
A slightly anti bactericidal effect can be attributed to cocobetaine.
Cocobetaine is mainly found in shampoos, shower gels, intimate washing lotions, bubble baths and liquid soaps and can also reduce the irritation potential of other surfactants.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a very mild, preservative free, surfactant used to increase mildness, create great flash foam, and stabilize foams and bubbles, adding to their longevity.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine works to increase viscosity when used with other surfactants that can be thickened by salt, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium coco sulfate, and sodium laureth sulfate.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is an amphoteric surfactant that is zwitteronic: It has a negative charge in alkaline products and a positive charge in acidic products like most personal cleansers.
It is substantive when positively charged (in an acidic formulation), so it acts as a skin and hair conditioner, leaving behind a moisturized feeling after rinsing with no feeling of tightness.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine can be used as the sole surfactant for products for babies, children, and those with very dry or very sensitive skin, or in low surfactant, non-rinse facial products, such as micellar waters or make-up remover.
Key Benefits
Derived from coconut oil
Preservative free
Gentle to very gentle cleanser for skin, hair, and face
Skin and hair softening
Creates clear products
Compatible with anionic, cationic, amphoteric and non-ionic ingredients
Applications:
Skin care (facial care, facial cleansing, body care, baby care)
Toiletries (shower and bath products)
Hair care (shampoos, conditioners )
Baby and children’s products (shampoos, conditioners, body washes)
INCI: Cocamidopropyl Betaine
The most obvious advantage of using this new, highly con- centrated CAPB is the reduction of transportation costs and required storage capacity.
Compared to a standard betaine, the volume needed for an equivalent amount of active matter can be decreased by approximately 36 %, translating into less energy consumption for manufacture and transport.
Expenses for analysis of incoming goods, the number of orders and booking procedures and the number of deliveries can be reduced by an equal amount.
Consequently the increased content of active matter enhances efficiency along the entire supply chain and is consistent with the industry’s commitment to sustainability and sustainable development.
Application properties
Due to its high content of active matter, the new, highly con- centrated betaine offers great formulation flexibility.
The light color is particularly beneficial for clear personal cleans- ing products.
An additional advantage of the low content of by-products is the low odor, which allows formulations with decreased amounts of perfume, even at pH values above 7.
While standard betaines require the addition of a preservative to ensure microbiological stability, concentrated CAPBs are self-preserving due to the low water content, which allows greater flexibility during formula development and throughout the production of final products.
The formulator is enabled to select independently the most suitable stabilizing system for the final formulation.
The technical properties of the highly concentrated CAPB relevant to the application characteristics are essen- tially identical with the common 30 % market quality CAPB.
Foam
Improvement of foam quality is a crucial point for the appli- cation of secondary surfactants in general and especially of Cocamidopropyl Betaine.
The foam properties are evaluated by the Sita method [8], which is based on a stirring procedure. This method allows the monitoring of the kinetics of foam formation as well as foam quantity in a fast and reproducible manner.
The new highly concentrated Cocamidopropyl Betaine provides good lather properties. The foam forms rapidly dur- ing application. As shown in Figure 1 the flash foam is further enhanced relative to the standard 30 % market qual- ity. The generated foam is creamy, dense and stable.
Rheology
The new highly concentrated Cocamidopropyl Betaine pro- vides robust thickening properties in surfactant solutions. Figure 2 shows the response of viscosity to the increasing sodium chloride level in a system containing 3 % CAPB and 9 % SLES. In the graph, the levels of NaCl necessary to obtain a viscosity of 3000 mPas are indicated. The formula- tion with the highly concentrated CAPB requires 1.9 % NaCl instead of the 1.3 % NaCl when using a 30 % market quality CAPB. The viscosity of the formulation with the highly con- centrated Cocamidopropyl Betaine can be easily adjusted by choosing the appropriate level of NaCl.
Mildness
The mildness to skin and mucous membranes of Cocamido- propyl Betaine is one of its most outstanding properties.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) or coco betaine made from coconut oil is a derivative of cocamide and glycine betaine. Coco betaine is a mild co-surfactant that is compatible with anionic, non-ionic, and cationic surfactants. It is an efficient cleanser and foam booster. It acts as a viscosity enhancer, a conditioning & anti-static agent, and a moderate emulsifier. Coco betaine finds applications predominantly in cosmetic products such as body washes, shampoos, bubble baths, cleansing lotions, creams, hand soaps, baby products, hair conditioners, and cream rinses.
Coco betaine is considered a low to moderate hazardous product. Skin and eye irritations have been reported in certain cases; however, coco betaine is generally a harmless product for external use. The introduction of coco betaine provided manufacturers and formulators with a way to improve the mildness of their surfactant formulations over traditional sulfate systems. Coco betaine is generally regarded as a mild and safe ingredient. Hence, it is increasingly replacing cocamide DEA in cosmetic formulations. Coco betaine is considered skin-friendly and earth friendly as it is derived from coconuts.
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) or coco betaine made from coconut oil is a derivative of cocamide and glycine betaine.
Coco betaine is a mild co-surfactant that is compatible with anionic, non-ionic, and cationic surfactants. It is an efficient cleanser and foam booster. It acts as a viscosity enhancer, a conditioning & anti-static agent, and a moderate emulsifier. Coco betaine finds applications predominantly in cosmetic products such as body washes, shampoos, bubble baths, cleansing lotions, creams, hand soaps, baby products, hair conditioners, and cream rinses.
Coco betaine is considered a low to moderate hazardous product.
Skin and eye irritations have been reported in certain cases; however, coco betaine is generally a harmless product for external use. The introduction of coco betaine provided manufacturers and formulators with a way to improve the mildness of their surfactant formulations over traditional sulfate systems. Coco betaine is generally regarded as a mild and safe ingredient. Hence, it is increasingly replacing cocamide DEA in cosmetic formulations. Coco betaine is considered skin-friendly and earth friendly as it is derived from coconuts.
Cocamidopropyl betaine Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Description
Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric surfactant.
The particular behaviour of amphoterics is related to their zwitterionic character; that means: both anionic and cationic structures are found in one molecule.
Uses
Cocamidopropyl betaine is widely used as a surfactant.
The usage of cocamidopropyl betaine in personal-care products has grown in recent years due to its relative mildness compared with other surface active compounds. Cocamidopropyl betaine is widely used in various cosmetics like shampoos, bath products, and cleansing agents, shower gels, bath foam, liquid soaps, skin care products, hand wash detergents. Uses in household cleaning products, the scope of HERA, include laundry detergents, hand dishwashing liquids, and hard surface cleaners.
Health Hazard
Skin irritation: According to current OECD guideline, cocamidopropyl betaine (about 30% aqueous solution and nearly 80% spray-dried substance) is not a skin irritant.
In human studies up to 3 % solutions were weakly irritating.
Impurities like amidoamine may contribute to the irritation reaction.
The irritating properties of sodium lauryl sulphate formulations could be significantly reduced by the addition of cocamidopropyl betaine.
Eye irritation: The concentrated and the 25 – 30 % active cocamidopropyl betaine is an irreversible eye irritant.
The 15 % concentrations were irritating to highly irritating.
At and below 10% active dilution studies show a mild to moderate and reversible eye irritating potential of cocamidopropyl betaine.
Toxicology
The acute oral and dermal toxicity of cocamidopropyl betaine 30 – 35.5 % active solution in rats is low. The LD50 (dermal) is > 2000 mg/kg bw (which was the highest dose applied), LD50 (oral) is ≥ 4900 mg/kg bw.
There were no clinical signs reported after acute dermal exposure; after oral exposure to high doses, decreased motor activity, diarrhea, and ataxia as well as signs of gastrointestinal irritation were found.
Chemical Properties
Liquid
Chemical Properties
Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAB) is an organic compound derived from coconut oil and dimethylaminopropylamine. It is a zwitterion, consisting of both a quaternary ammonium cation and a carboxylate.
CAB is available as viscous pale yellow solution that is used as a surfactant in personal care products.
Characteristics
Cocamidopropyl Betaine (CAB) is perfectly compatible with anionic, cationic and nonionic surfactants, it can still be used as cloudy point inhibitor.
CAB can produce rich and fine foams. Fonnulated with adequate proportion of anionic surfactant, it has significant thickening effect.
CAB has excellent to tolerance to skin, effectively reduce the irritation caused by fatty alcohol sulfate or fatty alcohol ether sulfate in the products.
CAB has antibiotic function, being a good additive in personal sanitary products. CAB has excellent antistatic function, being an ideal conditioning agent.
INCI: cocamidopropyl betaine
Properties
amphoteric surfactant
provides good foam
high purity, free of preservatives
low bitterness in oral care
gives mildness to formulations
decreases the irritation level of the anionic surfactants
antistatic agent in hair care
Applications, usage
suitable in bath products, toiletries, shampoo, shower gels, cleansers, bath bombs, scrubs, oral care and baby care products
as an additive in soap, syndet or combination bars, it improves their in-use properties
it is water soluble, is recommended to dissolve in hot water
generally used as a co-surfactant, secondary surfactant
may be used in formulations containing no further surfactants
compatible with anionic, nonionic and cationic surfactants
recommended dosage 0,3 – 10%
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is a great co-surfactant that makes the overall surfactant blend milder.
It helps improve flash foam and stabilize lather, and helps thicken some surfactant blends as it contains some sodium chloride.
“It has a negative charge in alkaline products and a positive charge in acidic products like most personal cleansers.
It is substantive when positively charged (in an acidic formulation), so it acts as a skin and hair conditioner, leaving behind a moisturized feeling after rinsing with no feeling of tightness
Cocamidopropyl betaine, also known as CAPB, is a surfactant (cleanser) commonly used in personal care products.
It is produced by reacting palm or coconut fatty acids with a chemical called Dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA), and usually appears as a pale yellow thick liquid with a bland odour.
Cocamidopropyl betaine has been associated with contact hypersensitivity for people with atopic dermatitis (AD) and it was named 2004 ‘Allergen of the Year’ by the American Contact Dermatitis Society.
Though CAPB itself was initially considered the cause of allergic reactions, more recent studies have suggested the allergic response is to traces of 3,3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) and several fatty acid amidopropyl dimethylamines.
These impurities are produced during the manufacturing process of CAPB and, if production standards are not high, may not be completely filtered out from the final solution.
For a small percentage of people, topical application of 3,3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) has been linked to allergic responses and/or skin irritation.
Higher grades of CAPB, containing no impurities, have been linked to fewer allergic responses.
Research generally encourages people with atopic dermatitis to avoid the use of skincare products containing CAPB, as its properties can exacerbate the breakdown of the skin barrier.
Though it is considered a mild surfactant, trace impurities in CAPB have the potential to provoke an allergic response in some people, which is why we choose to leave it out of our products.
Other names: C19H38N2O3, CAPB, CADG, Cocamidopropyl Dimethyl Glycine, Cocoyl Amide Propylbetaine; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, (Carboxymethyl)(3-Cocoamidopropyl)Dimethyl, Hydroxides, Inner Salts
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a surfactant that comes from coconut oil, and it’s a common ingredient in many liquid skin cleansers [source: Reitschal]. Surfactants are detergents that allow water to wash away the oil and dirt from your skin by decreasing the surface tension of water and making it easier to wet your face. Surfactants are both lipophilic — oil loving — and hydrophilic — water loving — which enables them to remove dirt and oil from your skin.
Some surfactants are harsher on skin than others, but cocamidopropyl betaine typically doesn’t cause irritation [source: Loden]. In fact, it’s often used in cleansers because of its thickening and foaming properties, which help moisturize the skin [source: Medscape]. Cocamidopropyl betaine is even found in many baby soaps and shampoos. However, some people can have allergic reactions to the chemical compound. If using cosmetics that contain cocamidopropyl betaine cause your skin to redden, itch or flake, talk to a dermatologist — the surfactant can cause contact dermatitis [source: Reitschal].