CAPRYLIC ACID
CAPRYLIC ACID
Caprylic acid is manufactured from vegetable oils (coconut, palm, kernel, or palm stearene) by first refining the oil, followed by methyl transesterification and separation by distillation.
The separated methyl octanoate is saponified and acidified to give Caprylic acid.
Caprylic acid, also known as octanoate or 8:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids.
EC / List no.: 204-677-5
CAS no.: 124-07-2
Mol. formula: C8H16O2
CAS number 124-07-2
hemical Name: n-Octanoic Acid or Fatty Acid C8
Caprylic acid is an eight-carbon chain fatty acid, also known systematically as octanoic acid.
Caprylic acid is found naturally in coconuts and breast milk.
Caprylic acid is an oily liquid with a slightly unpleasant rancid-like smell that is minimally soluble in water.
Caprylic acid is a saturated fatty acid containing eight carbon atoms, making it one of the family known as medium-chain fatty acids.
Research has shown caprylic acid to have antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties.
Preliminary reports from the 1940s and 1950s indicated that caprylic acid may be effective against yeast (Candida) infections in humans.
OCTANOIC ACID (Caprylic acid) eight-carbon saturated fatty acid belongs to the class of mediumchain saturated fatty acids.
Caprylic acid is found naturally in the milk of various mammals, and as a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Caprylic acid is used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes.
Caprylic acid is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer in commercial food handling establishments on dairy equipment, food processing equipment, breweries, wineries, and beverage processing plants. It is also used as disinfectant in health care facilities, schools/colleges, animal care/veterinary facilities, industrial facilities, office buildings, recreational facilities, retail and wholesale establishments, livestock premises, restaurants, and hotels/motels. In addition, caprylic acid is used as an algaecide, bactericide, and fungicide in nurseries, greenhouses, garden centers, and interiorscapes on ornamentals. Products containing caprylic acid are formulated as soluble concentrate/liquids and ready-to-use liquids.
richest sources of caprylic acid include coconuts and coconut oil
caprylic acidhas anti-inflammatory and potent antimicrobial properties
caprylic acid can be used for a wide-range of infections, acne and digestive disorders
CAPRYLIC ACID
CAS number: 124-07-2
INCI name: CAPRYLIC ACID
EINECS/ELINCS number: 204-677-5
Comedogenic potential (pc): 1
Bio-compatible (COSMOS Reference)
Its functions (INCI)
Cleansing : Helps to keep a clean surface
Emulsifying : Promotes the formation of intimate mixtures between immiscible liquids by modifying the interfacial tension (water and oil)
Masking : Reduces or inhibits the odor or basic taste of the product
Surfactant : Reduces the surface tension of cosmetics and contributes to the even distribution of the product when it is used
Perfuming : Used for perfume and aromatic raw materials
Octanoic acid Chemical Properties, Uses, Production
Description
Known by the systematic name octanoic acid, Caprylic Acid is a type of beneficial saturated medium-chain fatty acid with antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties, whose compounds are found naturally in the breast milk of various mammals, coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
It is an oily liquid with a slightly unpleasant rancid-like smell and taste that is minimally soluble in water.
It is widely applied in various fields, one of which is used as an antimicrobial pesticide, in which it serves as a food contact surface sanitizer in commercial food handling establishments on dairy equipment, food processing equipment, breweries, wineries, and beverage processing plants.
Besides, Caprylic acid is used commercially in the manufacture of esters used in perfumery and in the production of dyes.
It is also used as an algaecide, bactericide, and fungicide in nurseries, greenhouses, garden centers, and interiorscapes on ornamentals.
Some studies have shown that Caprylic acid is effective to excess calorie burning taken as a dietary supplement, resulting in weigh loss.
Caprylic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid found in coconut oil. It contains potent antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. This makes caprylic acid helpful in treating yeast infections, digestive disorders, skin conditions, urinary tract infections and oral infections. It also has the ability to lower the risk of antibiotic resistance. Caprylic acid can be naturally consumed as part of foods or taken as an individual supplement.
As a saturated fatty acid, caprylic acid (sometimes called octanoic acid) contains eight carbon atoms— making it a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT). MCTs are metabolised more like carbohydrates than fats and are quickly used for energy. The richest source of caprylic acid is coconut oil and coconuts, but other natural sources include full fat cow’s milk, peanut butter, palm fruit oil and human breast milk.
The benefits of caprylic acid
There are many ways in which caprylic acid can improve your health— from acne, to fighting infections and reducing intestinal inflammation associated with digestive conditions.
Yeast infections
It is common for people to suffer from fungal infections which include oral and vaginal thrush, nail fungus, athletes foot and jock itch.
Yeasts overgrowths such as Candida can occur in the intestines and lead to digestive problems such as bloating, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, sugar cravings and depression.
Description
Caprylic acid is the common name for the eight-carbon saturated fatty acid known by the systematic name octanoic acid.
It is found naturally in the milk of various mammals, and it is a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
It is an oily liquid that is minimally soluble in water with a slightly unpleasant rancid-like smell and taste.
Two other acids are named after goats: caproic (C6) and capric (C10).
Along with caprylic acid these total 15 % in goat milk fat.
Chemical Properties
Caprylic acid, CH3(CH2)6COOH, also known as hexylacetic acid,n-octanoic acid, octylie acid, and octic acid, is a colorless oily liquid fatty acid with a melting point of 16 DC. It is found in butter, coconut oil, and other fats.
It is used in manufacturing drugs and dyes.
Chemical Properties
Caprylic acid is the common name for octanoic acid, CH3(CH2)6COOH, a saturated fatty acid.
As an eight carbon compound it is among the fatty acids considered to be of short or medium chain length.
It is a colorless, oily liquid having a mildly unpleasant odor and a burning, rancid taste.
It is only slightly soluble in water (68 mg per 100 mL at 20°C).
It is a natural component of coconut and palm nut oils and butter fat. Caprylic acid has also been identified in trace amounts in beer, brandy distillate, the essential oil of fermented Russian black tea leaves, and raw soybeans.
It is produced by fermentation and fractional distillation of the volatile fatty acids present in coconut oil.
Chemical Properties
Octanoic acid has a mildly unpleasant odor and a burning, rancid taste.
Octanoic acid is also reported as having a faint, fruity–acid odor and slightly sour taste. Caprylic acid is the common name for octanoic acid, CH3(CH2)6COOH, a saturated fatty acid. As an eight-carbon compound, it is among the fatty acids considered to be of short or medium chain length.
Occurrence
It is a natural component of coconut and palm nut oils and butter fat.
Caprylic acid has also been identified in trace amounts in beer, brandy distillate, the essential oil of fermented Russian black tea leaves and raw soybeans.
Reported as occurring naturally in the essential oils of Cupressus torulosa, Cryptomeria japonica, Andropogon iwarancusa, Cymbopogon javanensis, camphor, nutmeg, lemongrass, lime, tobacco (flowers), Artemisia herba-alba, chamomile, hops and others; also reported in apple aroma, coconut oil as glyceride, and wine as an ester; it has been identified (free and esterified) among the constituents of petitgrain lemon oil. Also reported in many foods and beverages including apple, banana, lemon and grapefruit peel oils, cranberries, guava, grapes, raisin, strawberry, raspberry, pineapple, burley, cheddar cheese, cooked lamb and mutton, papaya, potato, tomato, bell pepper, sauerkraut, ginger, peppermint and spearmint oil, breads, many cheeses, butter, milk, yogurt, cooked egg, fish, meats, hop oil, beer, rum, cider, whiskies, grape wines, cocoa, coffee, tea, peanut oil, pecans, oats, coconut products, passion fruit, blue cheese, beans, sweet marjoram, mushroom, cardamom, coriander seed, sesame seed, mango, tamarind, fig, calamus, rice, radish, dill, corn oil, loquat, licorice, sake, buckwheat, malt, wort, elderberry, cherimoya, kiwifruit, shrimp, clam, scallop and Chinese quince.
Uses
Octanoic acid is a flavoring agent considered to be a short or medium chain fatty acid.
It occurs normally in various foods and is commercially prepared by oxidation of n-octanol or by fermentation and fractional distillation of the volatile fatty acids present.
It is used in maximum levels, as served, of 0.13% for baked goods; 0.04% for cheeses; 0.005% for fats and oils, frozen dairy desserts, gelatins and puddings, meat products, and soft candy; 0.016% for snack foods; and 0.001% or less for all other food categories. It is also termed octanoic acid.
USES & APPLICATIONS
Flavor And Fragrance: To Manufacture Esters Used in the Production of Perfumes and Artificial Flavorings
Food and Beverage: Natural Antimicrobial Ingredient in Sanitizers for Food Contact Surfaces and Equipment, Particularly in Meat Processing Plants, Breweries and Wineries
Lubricants and Greases: Manufacture of Synthetic Lubricants, Hydraulic Fluids and Refrigerant Lubricant
Metal Working Fluids: Solubilizer for Mineral Oils
Caprylic acid’s primary use is as a fragrance and flavoring agent in perfumes and food products.
In addition to this, Caprylic acid has strong antimicrobial properties, which make it an excellent surface disinfectant.
As a result, Caprylic acid is often used in food and beverage processing plants and healthcare facilities.
Caprylic acid also serves as a solubilizer for mineral oils and is an ingredient in various synthetic lubricants.
In recent years, caprylic acid has gained some popularity as a dietary supplement, as well.
Uses
Intermediates of Liquid Crystals
Uses
Caprylic acid is used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes.
Caprylic acid is also used in the treatment of some bacterial infections. Due to its relatively short chain length it has no difficulty in penetrating fatty cell wall membranes, hence its effectiveness in combating certain lipid-coated bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and various species of Streptococcus.
Caprylic acid is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer in commercial food handling establishments on dairy equipment, food processing equipment, breweries, wineries, and beverage processing plants.
It is also used as disinfectant in health care facilities, schools/colleges, animal care/veterinary facilities, industrial facilities, office buildings, recreational facilities, retail and wholesale establishments, livestock premises, restaurants, and hotels/motels. In addition, caprylic acid is used as an algaecide, bactericide, and fungicide in nurseries, greenhouses, garden centers, and interiorscapes on ornamentals. Products containing caprylic acid are formulated as soluble concentrate/liquids and ready-to-use liquids.
For ghrelin to have a hunger-stimulating action on a hypothalamus, caprylic acid must be linked to a serine residue at the 3-position of ghrelin. To cause hunger, it must acylate a – OH group. Other fatty acids in the same position have similar effects on hunger.
The octanoic acid breath test is used to measure gastric emptying. Some potential benefit is possible from administration of octanoic acid for patients with essential tremor.
The acid chloride of caprylic acid is used in the synthesis of perfluorooctanoic acid.
Uses
An intermediate in manufacture of esters used in perfumery; in manufacture of dyes, etc.
Definition
ChEBI: A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid.
Preparation
By fermentation and fractional distillation of the volatile fatty acids present in coconut oil.
Aroma threshold values
Detection: 910 ppb to 19 ppm. Aroma characteristics at 1.0%: waxy, dirty, sweaty and cheesy fatty, with dirty oily and creamy dairy nuances.
Taste threshold values
Taste characteristics at 10 ppm: creamy, waxy, dirty, sweaty, dairy cheeselike.
Synthesis Reference(s)
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 54, p. 5395, 1989 DOI: 10.1021/jo00283a044
Synthetic Communications, 19, p. 2151, 1989 DOI: 10.1080/00397918908052610
General Description
A colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor. Burns, but may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by intravenous route. Mildly toxic by ingestion. Mutation data reported. A skin irritant. Yields irritating vapors that can cause coughmg. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Octanoic acid Preparation Products And Raw materials
Based on end-user, the global caprylic acid market has been segregated into personal care and cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food & beverage, fertilizer, chemicals, and others.
Considering the source of raw material, the global caprylic acid market has been categorized as coconut oil, palm oil, mammal milk, and others.
Raw materials
LIMONIN(SH) Octanal 1-Octanol Peroxyacetic acid 1-OCTENE Coconut oil Malonic acid
IUPAC Name: octanoic acid
Alternative Names
octanoic acid
caprylic acid
n-octanoic acid
Octylic acid
n-caprylic acid
n-octylic acid
n-Octoic acid
Product Description: CAPRYLIC ACID NATURAL (OCTANOIC ACID)
CAS # 124-07-2
124-07-2 [RN]
1747180 [Beilstein]
1-Heptanecarboxylic acid
1-octanoic acid
204-677-5 [EINECS]
Acid C8
Acide octanoique [French]
Acide octanoïque [French] [INN] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Acido octanoico [Spanish]
Acidum octanocium [Latin]
caprylic acid [Wiki]
Enantic acid
n-caprylic acid
n-Octanoic Acid
n-Octylic acid
Octanoic acid [ACD/Index Name] [INN] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
Octansäure [German] [ACD/IUPAC Name]
октаноевая кислота [Russian] [INN]
حمض أوكتانوئيك [Arabic] [INN]
156779-05-4 [RN]
4-02-00-00982 [Beilstein]
69974-55-6 [RN]
acide octanoïque
ácido octanoico [Spanish] [INN]
ácido octanoico
acidum octanoicum
Capric Acid
Caprinic acid
Capryllic acid
Caprylsaeure
Caprynic acid
Carpylic acid
Heptane-1-carboxylic acid
Hexacid 898
Kaprinsaeure
Kaprylsaeure
Kyselina kaprylova [Czech]
LUNAC 8-95
Lunac 8-98
n-Capric acid
Neo-fat 10 [Trade name]
neo-fat 8
Neo-Fat 8S
n-octic acid
n-Octoic acid
Nuocure 28 [Trade name]
Octanoic acid 100 µg/mL in Acetonitrile
Octanoic acid|Caprylic acid
octanoic acid-d15
Octanoic-8,8,8-d3 Acid
Octic acid
octoic acid
Octylic acid
QV7 [WLN]
QV9 [WLN]
STR10050
октаноевая кислота
حمض أوكتانوئيك
辛酸
Caprylic acid is concentrated aromatic and flavor ingredient which may be used in flavor and fragrance compounds according to legal and IFRA or FEMA GRAS/FDA guidelines.
The caprylic acid market is expected to witness significant growth on account of the growing cosmetic industry.
This is further attributed to the profound usage of the compound as a cleansing agent, masking, and perfume agent.
Coconut and palm oils are the key raw materials used for caprylic acid manufacturing and its application in various end-use industries.
Coconut oil contains about 5-8% of caprylic acid, whereas the content in palm oil is about 3% to 5%.
This naturally derived compound is expected to drive the organic personal care demand, on account of its anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-fungal properties.
The compound has extensive usage in the medical & dietary application on account of approval by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its usage in nutritional supplements in the food industry.
Growing demand for personal care goods in emerging economies such as Thailand, India, and Brazil is expected to have a positive impact on demand.
Caprylic acid is used in the preparation of esters which are used in skincare, haircare, color cosmetics, perfumes, soaps, and other personal care goods.
Increasing use of the compound in luxurious items, medicines, lubricants, and surfactants is expected to drive the market demand over the next seven years.
Furthermore, growing usage in the surfactant segment can be attributed to its hydrophobic property.
The compound also has extensive usage in commercial applications as fat reducing agent, anti-microbial pesticide, and fragrance enhancing component.
Caprylic acid used in personal care was valued at over USD 0.9 million in 2014.
Increasing use of the compound in the manufacturing of skincare creams, hair care products, and cosmetics is expected to propel demand over the forecast period.
Furthermore, the personal care segment is expected to witness significant growth on account of extensive usage of these products by working population.
In addition, the profound usage of these compounds owing to extensive use by the working population is expected to contribute to market growth in personal care applications.
The growing pharmaceutical industry is expected to drive market growth over the forecast period.
Pharmaceutical application is expected to witness steady growth among other applications, growing at a CAGR of over 5.0% of the overall volume market share from 2015 to 2022 on account of the increasing technological advancements, aging population, as well as the rising awareness regarding generic medicines.
Caprylic acid has profound usage in medical applications which includes treatment of children with epilepsy as well as Crohn’s disease is also expected to boost the market demand over the next seven years.
Furthermore, it also helps in the treatment of oral gingivitis, urinary tract infections, candida virus, bladder infections, and also to maintain the pH balance of the body.
Regional Insights
North America is expected to witness significant growth over the forecast period on account of the growing food & beverage and personal care segment.
It is used as a food contact surface sanitizer on account of its antimicrobial properties and antifungal properties, which thereby propels the product demand in breweries, wineries & dairies.
Europe’s demand for the product was valued at over USD 0.6 million and is expected to witness substantial growth owing to rising demand from the personal care sector.
This can be attributed to benefits offered by the product such as reduction of wrinkles, cellulite, and age spots, which is expected to favorably impact market growth.
Asia Pacific accounted for over 25% of the global volume share in 2014.
Growing industrialization in the Asia Pacific region coupled with rising pharmaceutical research by companies is likely to open new avenues for caprylic acid demand, which in turn is expected to propel production over the next seven years.
Caprylic acid (from the Latin word capra, meaning “goat”), also known under the systematic name octanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid and carboxylic acid with the structural formula CH3(CH2)6CO2H.
Caprylic acid is a colorless oily liquid that is minimally soluble in water with a slightly unpleasant rancid-like smell and taste.
Salts and esters of octanoic acid are known as octanoates or caprylates.
It is a common industrial chemical, which is produced by oxidation of the C8 aldehyde.
Its compounds are found naturally in the milk of various mammals and as a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Octanoic Acid is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with an 8-carbon backbone.
Octanoic acid is found naturally in the milk of various mammals and is a minor component of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Octanoic acid appears as a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor.
Octanoic acid burns, but may be difficult to ignite. Octanoic acid is corrosive to metals and tissue.
Octanoic acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.
Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, a human metabolite and an Escherichia coli metabolite.
It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a medium-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of an octanoate.
1-heptanecarboxylic acid
Acide octanoïque
Acide octanoique
ácido octanoico
Acidum octanocium
Acidum octanoicum
C8:0
Caprylic acid
Kaprylsäure
n-caprylic acid
n-octanoic acid
n-Octoic acid
n-octylic acid
Octanoic acid
Octoic acid
Octylic acid
External IDs
EDENOR C 8-98-100
FEMA NO. 2799
NSC-5024
Caprylic acid
Other names: n-Caprylic acid; n-Octanoic acid; n-Octoic acid; n-Octylic acid; Neo-Fat 8; Caprylic acid; Enantic acid; Octylic acid; 1-Heptanecarboxylic acid; Heptane-1-carboxylic acid; Octic acid; Hexacid 898; C-8 Acid; Kyselina kaprylova; Lunac 8-95; Emery 657; Octoic acid; Prifac 2901; 1-Octanoic acid; NSC 5024; Prifrac 2901
Octanoic acid is manufactured from vegetable oils (coconut, palm, kernel, or palm stearene) by first refining the oil, followed by methyl transesterification and separation by distillation.
The separated methyl octanoate is saponified and acidified to give octanoic acid.
Chemical name Octanoic acid
C.A.S. number: 124-07-2
Chemical formula: CH3(CH2)6CO2H
Formula weight: 144.21
Assay Not less than 95%
DESCRIPTION Colourless oily liquid having a slight unpleasant odour
FUNCTIONAL USES Antifoaming agent, surfactant. (Material for use as a flavouring agent is specified in FNP 52 Add 5, JECFA No. 99).
CHARACTERISTICS
IDENTIFICATION
Solubility : Slightly soluble in water; soluble in most organic solvents
Caprylic acid is mainly obtained from fractionation of a lauric-type oil.
The product obtained has a freezing point of 16 ° C.
It is liquid at room temperature, almost colorless and with a characteristic pungent odor.
IUPAC name: Octanoic acid
Other names
1-Heptanecarboxylic acid
Octylic acid
Octoic acid
C8:0 (Lipid numbers)
CAS Number: 124-07-2
Chemical formula: C8H16O2
Molar mass: 144.214 g·mol−1
Appearance : Oily colorless liquid
Odor: Faint, fruity-acid; irritating
Density: 0.910 g/cm3
Melting point: 16.7 °C (62.1 °F; 289.8 K)[3]
Boiling point: 239.7 °C (463.5 °F; 512.8 K)[1]
Solubility in water: 0.068 g/100 mL[1]
Solubi: 3.05
Vapor pressure: 0.25 Pa
Acidity (pKa): 4.89
1.055 (2.06–2.63 K)
1.53 (−191 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -101.60·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.4285
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C): 297.9 J/K mol
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298): -636 kJ/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamond
301COR
Flash point: 130 °C (266 °F; 403 K)
Autoignition temperature: 440 °C (824 °F; 713 K)
Octanoic acid is an antimicrobial pesticide, algaecide, bactericide, and fungicide found naturally in the milk of various mammals, and as a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Two other acids are named after goats via the Latin word capra: caproic acid (C6) and capric acid (C10).
Together, these three fatty acids comprise 15% of the fatty acids in goat milk fat.
Caprylic acid, which is also known as octanoic acid, is a medium chain triglyceride (fatty acid) that is easily absorbed and metabolised. It is found naturally in dairy and other sources, for example butter, palm oil and coconut oil.
Caprylic acid is partially metabolised to long chain saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in a process that is not fully understood. Yet the mechanism of this metabolism releases energy in a manner that makes it a good source of rapidly available energy.
Uses
Caprylic acid is used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes.
Caprylic acid is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer in commercial food handling establishments on dairy equipment, food processing equipment, breweries, wineries, and beverage processing plants.
It is also used as disinfectant in health care facilities, schools/colleges, animal care/veterinary facilities, industrial facilities, office buildings, recreational facilities, retail and wholesale establishments, livestock premises, restaurants, and hotels/motels.
In addition, caprylic acid is used as an algicide, bactericide, fungicide, and herbicide in nurseries, greenhouses, garden centers, and interiors, and on ornamentation.
Products containing caprylic acid are formulated as soluble concentrate/liquids and ready-to-use liquids.
Caprylic acid plays an important role in the body’s regulation of energy input and output, a function which is performed by the hormone ghrelin.
The sensation of hunger is a signal that the body requires an input of energy in the form of food consumption.
Ghrelin stimulates hunger by triggering receptors in the hypothalamus.
In order to activate these receptors, ghrelin must undergo a process called acylation in which it acquires an -OH group, and caprylic acid provides this by linking at a specific site on ghrelin molecules. Other fatty acids in the same position have similar effects on hunger.
The acid chloride of caprylic acid is used in the synthesis of perfluorooctanoic acid.
Dietary uses
Caprylic acid is taken as a dietary supplement. In the body, caprylic acid would be found as octanoate, or unprotonated caprylic acid.
Some studies have shown that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) can help in the process of excess calorie burning, and thus weight loss; however, a systematic review of the evidence concluded that the overall results are inconclusive.
Also, interest in MCTs has been shown by endurance athletes and the bodybuilding community, but MCTs have not been found to be beneficial to improved exercise performance.[11]
Medical uses
Caprylic acid has been studied as part of a ketogenic diet to treat children with intractable epilepsy.
Caprylic acid is currently being researched as a treatment for essential tremor.
octanoic acid
caprylic acid
124-07-2
n-octanoic acid
Octylic acid
n-caprylic acid
octoic acid
n-octylic acid
n-Octoic acid
neo-fat 8
1-heptanecarboxylic acid
Enantic acid
Octic acid
C-8 acid
Kaprylsaeure
Hexacid 898
Acido octanoico
Acide octanoique
1-octanoic acid
Acidum octanocium
Fatty acids, C6-10
FEMA No. 2799
Kyselina kaprylova
capryloate
C8:0
octylate
Octansaeure
NSC 5024
UNII-OBL58JN025
MFCD00004429
OCTANOIC ACID (CAPRYLIC ACID)
CHEBI:28837
Emery 657
Prifac 2901
Lunac 8-95
NSC-5024
CH3-[CH2]6-COOH
OBL58JN025
Caprylsaeure
NSC5024
caprilate
EDENOR C 8-98-100
Caprylic acid, potassium salt
n-caprylate
n-octoate
n-octylate
Octanoic acid, 99%
NCGC00090957-01
0ctanoic acid
1-heptanecarboxylate
DSSTox_CID_1645
DSSTox_RID_76259
DSSTox_GSID_21645
OCA
Caprylic acid (natural)
Acide octanoique [French]
Acido octanoico [Spanish]
Acidum octanocium [Latin]
Kyselina kaprylova [Czech]
Octanoic acid [USAN:INN]
CAS-124-07-2
CCRIS 4689
HSDB 821
CH3-[CH2]6-COO(-)
caprylic acid, tin salt
caprylic acid, zinc salt
EINECS 204-677-5
caprylic acid, barium salt
caprylic acid, cesium salt
caprylic acid, cobalt salt
caprylic acid, copper salt
caprylic acid, sodium salt
caprylic acid, ammonia salt
caprylic acid, cadmium salt
caprylic acid, calcium salt
BRN 1747180
caprylic acid, 14C-labeled
caprylic acid, aluminum salt
caprylic acid, manganese salt
caprylic acid, zirconium salt
octanic acid
Caprilic acid
caprylic acid, tin(+2) salt
AI3-04162
caprylic acid, iron(+3) salt
caprylic acid, lead(+2) salt
acidum octanoicum
octanoate radical
caprylic acid, copper(+2) salt
caprylic acid, iridum(+3) salt
caprylic acid, nickel(+2) salt
caprylic acid, chromium(+2) salt
caprylic acid, lanthanum(+3) salt
caprylic acid, ruthenium(+3) salt
caprylic acid, zirconium(+4) salt
EINECS 273-085-7
Acid C8
Octanoic acid radical
Caprylic acid (NF)
Kortacid 0899
Neo-Fat 8S
Caprylic Acid 657
Octanoate, ion(1-)
caprylic acid, sodium salt, 11C-labeled
n-heptanecarboxylic acid
Octanoic acid (USAN)
Fatty acids, C6-1O
ACMC-1BTHQ
Lunac 8-98
Heptane-1-carboxylic acid
Octanoic acid, >=98%
Octanoic acid, >=99%
bmse000502
Caprylic/Capric Acid Blend
CCCCCCCC([O])=O
EC 204-677-5
SCHEMBL3933
WLN: QV7
NCIOpen2_002902
NCIOpen2_009358
Octanoic acid (USAN/INN)
4-02-00-00982 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
68937-74-6
MLS002415762
Octanoic acid, >=96.0%
caprylic acid (octanoic acid)
Octanoic acid (mixed isomers)
ST51046283
C06423
D05220
146488-EP2280007A1
146488-EP2292597A1
Q409564
SR-01000865607
J-005040
SR-01000865607-2
BRD-K35170555-001-07-9
Z955123584
Octanoic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R)
UNII-13FB83DEYU component WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
UNII-DI775RT244 component WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
43FDA9D7-2300-41E7-A373-A34F25B81553
Caprylic acid, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
UNII-79P21R4317 component WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Caprylic acid, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
Caprylic Acid (Octanoic Acid), Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
General description
Octanoic acid is an eight carbon fatty acid, which is found in palm, coconut oil and milk. It is used to treat candidiasis and bacterial infections. Octanoic acid has antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is used in nutritional supplementation.[1]
Application
Octanoic acid has been used:
• as a precipitating agent for the purification of antibodies
• to accelerate β-oxidation for the formation of acetyl-coA akin
• to increase the rate of astrocyte ketogenesis
• in chemical 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) coupling of carboxylic acids to coenzyme A (CoA)
Caprylic Acid is 1-Octanoic Acid. It is a clear, low viscosity liquid with a musty, pungent odor.
Caprylic Acid finds use as a raw material in the manufacture of esters (e.g., Capryliic/Capric Triglyceride) and a variety of other products including synthetic lubricants, amides, plasticizers, flavor compounds, perfumes, antiseptics and fungicides.
End-use applications for Caprylic Acid include synthetic lubricants base stock, refrigeration lubricants, medium chain triglycerides, fire resistant hydraulic fluids, tailored fats, alkyl chlorides for agricultural products, phosphate ore floatation, amides for agricultural products, production of plasticizer alcohols, corrosion inhibitors for antifreeze, flavor compounds, perfumes, antiseptics, and fungicides.
Caprylic Acid: Coconut Oil’s Secret
Benefits
How to get it
Outlook
Caprylic acid and coconut oil
Coconut oil has recently become one of the hottest trends.
It’s touted as a one-stop solution to everything.
Although it’s commonly used for cooking, coconut oil has many everyday uses.
It can be used to moisturize skin, remove makeup, repel bugs, and clean laundry.
Coconut oil also has medicinal uses.
For example, it’s used to treat yeast infections and help balance cholesterol levels.
Many of these benefits stem from the caprylic acid contained in coconut oil.
Benefits of caprylic acid
Caprylic acid is one of the three fatty acids found in coconut oil.
Caprylic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid with potent antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties make caprylic acid a helpful treatment for many conditions. It’s used to treat yeast infections, skin conditions, digestive disorders, and high cholesterol. It’s also used to lower the risk of antibiotic resistance. You can take caprylic acid orally or apply it to your skin.
Yeast infections
Candida yeast infections are a common medical problem.
Candida infections are fungal infections. They can cause vaginal yeast infections, nail fungus, and oral thrush.
The antifungal properties of caprylic acid are thought to kill and reduce yeast.
A 2011 study found that caprylic acid was effective in treating some candida infections.
Some scientists believe that caprylic acid is so effective because it can break down the membranes of candida cells.
A procedure called oil pulling is sometimes used as a remedy for oral thrush. Oil pulling involves swishing coconut oil in the mouth for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Ingesting a tablespoon or two a day can also help combat yeast infections that occur within the body.
Skin conditions
Just as caprylic acid can treat yeast infections, it can also help treat certain skin conditions.
This is largely thanks to its antibacterial and antimicrobial properties.
These help it kill off bacteria that live in the skin.
Dermatophilosis is a skin condition caused by a bacterial infection that can result in painful, dry scabs.
One natural remedy involves applying coconut oil directly to the affect areas. This can help fight off the bacterial infection and soothe the dry skin.
Caprylic acid is also thought to help treat one of the most common skin conditions of all: acne.
Coconut oil is often used as a homeopathic acne treatment. This is because it can fight the bacterial infections that sometimes cause acne. A 2014 studyTrusted Source found that caprylic acid is effective at treating acne thanks to its antimicrobial and antibacterial properties.
Caprylic acid is sometimes also used as a natural remedy for conditions like eczema or psoriasis.
Digestive disorders
There is some evidence that caprylic acid can help patients who have certain digestive disorders. The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of caprylic acid can help treat conditions like inflammatory bowel disorder or irritable bowel syndrome. Both of these conditions involve inflammation and sometimes bacterial infections in the digestive system. The antibacterial properties may also help patients with Crohn’s or ulcerative colitis.
Consult your doctor before using caprylic acid or coconut oil to treat a digestive disorder. Both can sometimes cause stomach upset.
Antibiotic resistance
Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem around the world. Caprylic acid can potentially help lower the risk of antibiotic resistance.
Doctors may be able to avoid prescribing antibiotics by treating some bacterial infections with coconut oil or caprylic acid. This approach could help defeat bacteria without strengthening it through antibiotic exposure.
A 2005 study found that caprylic acid was successful in reducing five different types of bacteria in contaminated milk, including E. coli.
The study recommended considering caprylic acid as an alternative treatment for bacterial infections.
Cholesterol
Caprylic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid. These fatty acids have been proven to have a positive effect on lowering high cholesterol.
A 2006 animal studyTrusted Source found that the subjects that were fed structured triglyceride oils had lower blood cholesterol levels and lower aortic accumulation of cholesterol than those who were not.
A 2013 study supported these findings. Those given caprylic acid reported unaffected HDL, or “good” cholesterol levels. They also reported lower levels of LDL, or “bad” cholesterol.
How to get caprylic acid
You can reap the benefits of caprylic acid by ingesting coconut oil or applying it to the skin. Start by adding one tablespoon or less of coconut oil to your diet a day to make sure you can tolerate it. People ingest coconut oil as is or melted. You can also add it to other foods. Try blending it into a smoothie! Working coconut oil into your diet is generally a safe way to help you reap the benefits of caprylic acid.
Coconut oil is one of the more popular ways to get your daily dose of caprylic acid.
There are several other options. Palm oil and human breast milk both contain caprylic acid.
Caprylic acid is also available in supplement form. It can be found in vitamin shops, some health food stores, or online.
Taking caprylic acid supplements is not recommended for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Those with frequent stomach problems should also consider it carefully. Taking supplements can sometimes cause stomach upset. You should do an allergy check before applying it topically. This is especially important if you have a coconut allergy.
Start slowly when adding coconut oil to your diet. This can help your system adapt to it.
It’s also important to note that coconut oil is still a type of oil. As such, it is high in fat.
Just one tablespoon has over 13 grams of fat. Consult your doctor before adding a significant amount of fat to your diet.
Coconut oil and caprylic acid have no known drug interactions. Discuss adding supplements to your diet or making major dietary changes with your doctor.
Caprylic acid, also called octanoic acid, is an oily liquid found in the milk of certain mammals as well as coconut oil and palm oil. A medium-chain saturated fatty acid, it is said to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties that may be useful for issues ranging from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to epilepsy.
Caprylic acid is available in dietary supplement form. It is also the main component of medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil, which is believed to aid in weight loss and athletic performance.
Caprylic acid is also widely used in the manufacturing of sanitizers, disinfectants, perfumes, anti-aging creams, and dyes.
Health Benefits
Caprylic acid, taken either by mouth or used topically, is thought to treat a number of health conditions, including:
Acne
Alzheimer’s disease
Skin infections
Candidiasis (including yeast infections and oral thrush)
Epilepsy
Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol and triglycerides)
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
IBD
Lactose intolerance
Obesity
Tinea corporis (ringworm)
Caprylic acid is also sometimes used to prevent hypoalbuminemia (low albumin) in people undergoing dialysis. Caused in part by the low-protein diet people with severe kidney disease need to maintain, hypoalbuminemia is a predictor of poor outcomes for people on dialysis.
Some of the abovenamed health claims are better supported by research than others, though research overall is rather limited. Here is what some of the current evidence says.
Remember: While case studies, in vitro studies, and animal studies can yield interesting findings, results must be replicated in humans before they can be considered applicable.
Fungal Infections
Caprylic acid supplements are commonly sold as an over-the-counter supplement for oral and vaginal candidiasis.
Candidiasis is the medical term used to describe oral thrush and vaginal yeast infections, the conditions of which are associated with the Candida albicans fungi.
A 2017 study in the Journal of Medicinal Food concluded that caprylic acid was able to inhibit the growth of C. albicans in test-tube studies by arresting cell development at three different stages in its life cycle.
Despite the positive finding, there is no evidence an oral dose of caprylic acid can remain therapeutic once disseminated in the body.
The concentration will likely be far too low to suppress an active yeast infection.
With that said, rinsing the mouth with MCT oil may aid in the treatment of oral thrush given its direct contact with affected tissue. Further research is needed.
Caprylic acid in the effective treatment of intractable medical problems of frequent urination, incontinence, chronic upper respiratory infection, root canalled tooth infection, ALS, etc., caused by asbestos & mixed infections of Candida albicans, Helicobacter pylori & cytomegalovirus with or without other microorganisms & mercury
Yoshiaki Omura 1, Brian O’Young, Marilyn Jones, Andrew Pallos, Harsha Duvvi, Yasuhiro Shimotsuura
Affiliations expand
PMID: 21830350 DOI: 10.3727/036012911803860886
Abstract
There are many causes of frequent urination.
Whenever water or fluids are consumed, the patient has to urinate within 10 or 20 min.
Often urinary bladder examinations & blood tests show no significant abnormalities, & treatment by anti-bacterial or anti-viral agents does not improve the symptoms significantly.
In intractable frequent urination with difficulty holding urine, as well as other intractable medical problems such as frequent coughing, white pus in gingiva, infection of the apex of a root canalled tooth, slow-healing wounds, & ALS, the authors often found coexisting mixed infections of Candida albicans (C.A.), Helicobacter pylori (H.P.), & Cytomegalovirus (CMV) with or without additional bacterial (Chlamydia trachomatis, etc.) or viral infections & increased Asbestos, with or without Hg deposits.
We often found various degrees of mixed infections with C.A., H.P., & CMV in the external sphincters of the urethra & in the Trigone of the urinary bladder which consists of
(1) a horizontal, band-like area between the 2 ureter openings &
(2) the funnel shaped part of the Trigone at the lower half of the urinary bladder.
In the coexistence of significant amounts of C.A., H.P. & CMV, the infection cannot be reduced by otherwise effective medicines for H.P. & CMV.
However, one optimal dose of Diflucan, or Caprylic acid taken orally or externally applied, rapidly reduced the symptoms significantly.
We found the best treatment is to give a combination of an optimal dose of Caprylic acid orally in the form of “CaprilyCare” or “Caprylic Acid,” with a capsule of Omega-3 Fish Oil as an anti-viral agent, Amoxicillin, Substance Z & a Cilantro tablet.
We found that an optimal dose of Caprylic acid increases normal cell telomere (NCT) to a desirable 750 ng BDORT units while Diflucan increases NCT by only 25 ng BDORT units, & with Omega-3 fish oil, leads to a mutual cancellation of both drugs.
Thus, Caprylic acid is superior to & less expensive than Diflucan, & has potential application for anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-Alzheimer’s disease, anti-Autism, anti-infection, & general circulatory improvement.
Caprylic acid is a type of beneficial saturated fatty acid that has antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties. It’s been linked to prevention of urinary tract infections, bladder infections, Candida, sexually transmitted diseases, oral infections like gingivitis and many other conditions.
What does caprylic acid do for the body? As one of the main fatty acids found in coconut oil, it has recently become widely known for its antifungal effects, especially in regard to keeping the digestive and reproductive organs — including the bladder, gut and urethra — functioning properly.
One of the most popular potential uses or benefits of caprylic acid, whether consumed as part of foods or taken orally in tablet form, is preventing the overgrowth of yeast-like fungus that can live and grow in your intestines. But this is only just one of several possible caprylic acid benefits. Ready to learn more?
What Is Caprylic Acid?
It sounds like it may be pretty beneficial to health so far, but what is caprylic acid? As a saturated fatty acid, caprylic acid (also sometimes called octanoic acid) contains eight carbon atoms, making it a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA).
Is caprylic acid the same as coconut oil? Along with capric acid and lauric acid, caprylic acid is one of the three primary fatty acids found in coconut oil. So it’s a component of coconut oil, but it is not the same thing.
What foods contain caprylic acid? It can be found in healing foods like coconut and coconut oil, cow’s milk, and human breast milk. Is caprylic acid a probiotic? It’s definitely not a probiotic, but it does help to support gut health and the internal probiotic environment we all have.
While more research is still needed to confirm its potential uses, research suggests this fatty acid has positive applications for fighting inflammation, cancer, age-related cognitive decline including Alzheimer’s disease, autism and circulatory problems.
Health Benefits
1. Contains Antibacterial, Antiviral and Antifungal Properties
As a natural immune system booster, caprylic acid is commonly used as an ingredient in topical fungicides, household cleaners, perfumes and dyes. Considering all the known coconut oil uses there are, it’s not surprising that caprylic acid is gaining popularity on its own for healing the body inside and out.
Taken internally, it helps naturally reduce yeast growth within the gastrointestinal tract while helping beneficial bacteria thrive. At the same time, caprylic acid is completely natural and doesn’t pose the same risks as harsh antibiotics or chemical treatments. While antibiotics can kill off all bacteria in the gut environment — both good and bad — caprylic acid can actually do the opposite, helping prevent an imbalance between the presence of various bacteria.
Is there any truth to caprylic acid weight loss claims?
Well, a higher population of “good bacteria” in the gut raises immune function and has numerous implications: lower inflammation levels, less risk for allergies, better brain function, improved hormonal health, lower risk for obesity and much more.
Because gut health is intrinsically tied to many functions throughout the body, caprylic acid’s effects might help fight headaches, depression, fatigue, diarrhea, bloating, vaginal yeast infections and gas. To further boost its effects, some experts also recommend taking in natural immune-enhancers like probiotic foods, oregano oil and omega-3 fish oil supplements along with caprylic acid to help repopulate the gut with healthy bacteria, reduce inflammation and restore a healthy “gut-brain connection.”
2. Fights Candida
When it comes to fighting candida the natural way, look no further than caprylic acid. Candida is a condition that occurs when an overgrowth of yeast fungus develops in your gut. It’s very common, especially among woman, and is associated with uncomfortable Candida symptoms like abdominal bloating, constipation, fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome, depression and sugar cravings.
Because caprylic acid acts as a natural yeast-fighting agent, it’s believed that it can penetrate the cell membranes of candida yeast cells and cause them to die off, detoxifying the digestive tract and speeding up the healing process.
By taking caprylic acid candida may become a problem of the past. Researchers have found that this fatty acid taken orally rapidly reduces symptoms associated with viral and fungal infections like Candida and Chlamydia. A 2001 report published in Acupuncture and Electrotherapeutic Research found that caprylic acid is superior in terms of efficacy, and also less expensive, than drugs such as Diflucan for treating these infections.
The same study suggests that the best treatment for these types of conditions is a combination of concentrated caprylic acid taken orally along with omega-3 fish oil supplements. Together these act as strong antiviral agents and increase normal cell telomeres (NCT).
3. Helps Prevent and Treat Yeast Infections
Aside from candida, yeast can cause other types of internal or external yeast infections that show up on the skin, genitals, toes and elsewhere. Caprylic acid can help get rid of yeast infections — as toe fungus, oral infections, vaginitis in women, jock itch in men and ringworm are all examples of yeast infections that can be prevented or treated with little to no side effects.
4. Treats Skin Infections and Acne
Considering how popular various coconut oil uses for skin have become, it’s no surprise that the strong antibacterial and antimicrobial effects of caprylic acid have been proven in many human and animal studies to help improve infections that show up on the skin. Caprylic acid, along with its derivatives called monocaprylin and sodium caprylate, are capable of fighting bacteria that live on the skin and cause infections, including Dermatophilus congolensis and acne.
Dermatophilosis is a skin disease that can affect many species of domestic and wild animals like horses and cattle, in addition to humans. It results in a bacterial infection that forms painful dry scabs on the skin and can be irritating and embarrassing, similar to eczema and acne.
Coconut oil, the best source of naturally occurring caprylic acid, is known to naturally improve acne and reduce skin inflammation. By applying coconut oil with its naturally occurring caprylic acid acne may become less and less of a problem for some users. This is why coconut oil makes a great natural skin moisturizer, addition to homemade scrubs or lotions, facial cleanser, and shaving balm. Additionally, it has beneficial properties for improving hair health when used in coconut oil form (check out these coconut oil for hair recipes to see what I mean).
5. Helps Treat Inflammatory Digestive Disorders
The caprylic acid triglyceride may be helpful for some digestive orders. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs or MCT oil) are often administered to patients with Crohn’s disease or short-bowel syndrome. Up until recently, little was known about the effects of MCFAs and MCTs on intestinal inflammation, but studies now suggest that these fatty acids help suppress secretion of inflammatory enzymes and cells, reducing Chrohn’s symptoms like pain, bloating, bleeding and bowel problems.
MCTs seem to help protect the epithelium, a line of defense living in the gut that acts like a border against an array of substances in the intestines, including toxic residents and pathogenic micro-organisms. In people who have inflammatory conditions where a healthy mucus barrier is lost, including those with Crohn’s disease, their intestinal epithelial cells secrete a wide array of cytokines after stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines or bacterial products.
Although the precise mechanism that leads MCTs to suppress this process is still not fully understood, it’s believed that they help inhibit inflammatory cytokine gene inhibition and, therefore, lower the body’s immune responses that further aggravate the gut lining.
6. Reduces Risk for Antibiotic Resistance
Concerns regarding antibiotic resistance worldwide are on the rise, which has led health experts to seek out natural alternative therapeutic approaches to antibiotics for treatment of infections in both humans and animals.
One of the main concerns for using chemical antibiotics to treat infections or viruses is that it raises the risk for antibiotic resistance over time. As harmful pathogens and bacteria in the body become resistant to drugs and mutate in order to survive, we have to turn to other options to treat illnesses — sometimes these options come at a much higher price, require a longer duration and cause serious side effects.
A variety of safe, natural, free fatty acids and their monoglyceride derivatives have been reported to exert antibacterial and antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms, including caprylic acid and its monoglyceride and monocaprylin compounds. These appear to inactivate common mastitis pathogens including Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
One study found that after treating contaminated milk samples, both caprylic acid and monocaprylin reduced five types of dangerous pathogens, including E. coli just like antibiotics would, without the risk for bacterial mutations developing.
Best Food and Supplement Sources
The very best source of caprylic acid is coconuts, especially coconut oil, which is a great way to get concentrated medium-chain fatty acids. Other sources include full-fat cow’s milk, peanut butter, palm fruit oil and even human breast milk.
Coconut oil is the ideal way to obtain beneficial fatty acids like caprylic acid because it comes with so many other benefits. In fact, I recommend consuming coconut oil every single day if you can!
Some proven coconut oil benefits include:
boosting the immune system
preventing cancer
healing skin and acne
helping with weight loss
healing leaky gut syndrome
reducing allergies
improving heart health
supporting the thyroid gland
reducing fatigue and many more
Caprlyic Acid Supplements: How Much and Which Kinds?
Aside from obtaining caprylic acid from whole food sources, supplements are now becoming more widely available.
There isn’t a nutritional requirement for this fatty acid, so no recommended daily intake has been established.
However, health professionals often recommend taking about 500 to 1,000 milligrams, three times a day in capsule form, for optimal results.
According to National Yeast Infection Organization, capsules might be more effective compared to capyrlic acid taken in liquid form.
The capsules appear to help slowly release the fatty acids into the bloodstream so they effectively make it to the intestinal tract without causing side effects.
The recommended caprylic acid dosage for treating yeast infections (interal or external) in adults 18 years and older is 1,000 to 2,000 milligrams per day.
It can be taken three times a day about 30 minutes before every meal.
Final Thoughts
Caprylic acid is a type of beneficial saturated fatty acid that has antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties.
Caprylic acid foods include coconut and coconut oil, cow’s milk, and human breast milk.
This fatty acid is best known for its ability to fight fungus like Candida that can live in the body and promote optimal gut health.
It may also be helpful with acne and digestive issues like Crohn’s disease.
While more studies are warranted to confirm its potential uses, research to date suggests caprylic acid has positive applications for fighting inflammation, cancer, age-related cognitive decline including Alzheimer’s disease, autism and circulatory problems.
If you’ve never take this fatty acid in supplement form, start slowly to prevent stomach pains.
Octanoic acid-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of octanoic acid by GC- or LC-MS.
Octanoic acid is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid.
It has been found in Teleme cheeses made from goat, ovine, or bovine milk.
Octanoic acid is active against the bacteria S. mutans, S. gordonii, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis (IC80s = <125, <125, 1,403, and 2,294 μM, respectively).
Levels of octanoic acid are increased in the plasma of patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency, an inborn error of fatty acid metabolism characterized by hypoketotic hypoglycemia, medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria, and intolerance to fasting
Chemical Role(s): Bronsted acid
A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base).
(via oxoacid )
Biological Role(s): Escherichia coli metabolite
Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli.
antibacterial agent
A substance (or active part thereof) that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
human metabolite
Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens).
octanoic acid has role Escherichia coli metabolite
octanoic acid has role antibacterial agent
octanoic acid has role human metabolite
octanoic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid
octanoic acid is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid
octanoic acid is conjugate acid of octanoate
(+)-pentacycloanammoxic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
(3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
(7R)-7-hydroxyoctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
(R)-lipoic acid (CHEBI:30314) has functional parent octanoic acid
(S)-lipoic acid (CHEBI:43796) has functional parent octanoic acid
1,2-dioctanoyl-3-β-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol has functional parent octanoic acid
1,3-dioctanoylglycerol (CHEBI:136814) has functional parent octanoic acid
1-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-N-octanoylphytosphingosine (CHEBI:527437) has functional parent octanoic acid
1-octadecanoyl-2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (CHEBI:138213) has functional parent octanoic acid
2-(pentylsulfanyl)acetic acidhas functional parent octanoic acid
2-O-[6-O-octanoyl-α-D-glucosyl-(1→6)-α-D-glucosyl]-D-glyceric acid has functional parent octanoic acid
2-hydroxyoctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (CHEBI:140082) has functional parent octanoic acid
3-aminooctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
3-hydroxyoctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
3-methylbutyl octanoate has functional parent octanoic acid
3-oxooctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
4,7-dioxooctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
8-(5-hexylfuran-2-yl)octanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl}cyclopentyl]octanoic acid (CHEBI:49265) has functional parent octanoic acid
8-hydroxyoctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
all-trans-retinyl octanoate has functional parent octanoic acid
N-(octanoyl)-L-homoserine has functional parent octanoic acid
N-(octanoyl)ethanolamine has functional parent octanoic acid
N-capryloyl-1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (CHEBI:85797) has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoylanthranilate has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoylanthranilic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoyldihydrosphingosine has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoylglycine has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoylphytosphingosine has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoylsphingosine has functional parent octanoic acid
N-octanoylsphingosine 1-phosphate has functional parent octanoic acid
S-octanoyl-4ʼ-phosphopantetheine has functional parent octanoic acid
S-octanoyl-L-cysteine has functional parent octanoic acid
ciliatamide B has functional parent octanoic acid
dihydrolipoic acid ( has functional parent octanoic acid
lipoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
lipoyl group has functional parent octanoic acid
lipoyl-AMP has functional parent octanoic acid
methyl (+)-pentacycloanammoxate has functional parent octanoic acid
octanamide has functional parent octanoic acid
octanoate ester has functional parent octanoic acid
octanoyl-CoA has functional parent octanoic acid
perfluorooctanoic acid has functional parent octanoic acid
pescaprein XXX has functional parent octanoic acid
octanoate is conjugate base of octanoic acid
octanoyl group is substituent group from octanoic acid
IUPAC Name
octanoic acid
INNs
acide octanoïque Français
ácido octanoico Español
acidum octanoicum LINGUA LATINA
octanoic acid
Synonyms
1-heptanecarboxylic acid
8:0
Acide octanoique Français
Acido octanoico Español ChemIDplus
Acidum octanocium LINGUA LATINA
C8:0 ChEBI
Caprylic acid
Caprylic acid
CH3‒[CH2]6‒COOH IUPAC
Kaprylsäure Deutsch
n-caprylic acid
n-octanoic acid
n-octoic acid
n-octylic acid
Octanoic acid
OCTANOIC ACID (CAPRYLIC ACID)
Octansäure Deutsch
octoic acid
Octylic acid
Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus using Caprylic Acid, Monocaprylin, and Sodium Caprylate
Investigators
Khan, Mazhar
Institutions
University of Connecticut
Start date
2007
End date
2009
Objective
Determining the virucidal effect of caprylic acid, monocaprylin, and sodium caprylate on avian influenza virus in tissue culture.
Avian influenza virus is an important pathogen causing tremendous economic losses to the poultry industry.
Further, zoonotic transmission of the virus to humans, and rapid human to human transmission highlight the public health significance of the virus.
Moreover, resistance of avian influenza viruses to antiviral agents is an emerging, global public health problem.
Since the virus is highly contagious, strict biosecurity measures can greatly help to contain the virus in a poultry farm.
Contaminated food, water, and poultry manure represent three very important modes of transmission of the virus.
Effective and safe antimicrobials that kill the virus in the aforementioned vehicles could greatly reduce spread of the virus.
Further, since the gastrointestinal tract is one of the major target sites of the virus in birds, administration of a safe antiviral compound through feed and water could potentially kill the virus in live birds.
Published literature, and previous research conducted revealed that caprylic acid, monocaprylin (monoglyceride of caprylic acid), and its sodium salt, sodium caprylate are highly effective in killing a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, and enveloped viruses.
One major drawback of many antimicrobials is reduced or no antimicrobial activity in the presence of organic matter.
However, research conducted in laboratory has revealed that caprylic acid and sodium caprylate are highly antimicrobial even in organic matter-rich media, including chicken cecal contents, bovine rumen fluid, and water containing bovine manure.
Caprylic acid and monocaprylin can be added to poultry feed, whereas sodium caprylate, being stable and soluble in water, can be used as a potential antiviral agent in water.
Delineating the antiviral properties of these molecules on the avian influenza virus will potentially help us to devise new antimicrobial approaches/tools to fight this fatal viral disease of the poultry industry.
The proposed research is a first step in achieving this goal.
More information
NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Avian influenza is an important disease causing tremendous economic losses to the poultry industry.
Further, transmission of the virus to humans highlights the public health significance of the disease.
Since the virus is highly contagious, strict hygienic measures employed at the farm can greatly help to contain the virus.
Contaminated food, water, and poultry manure are three important vehicles of the virus. Effective and safe antimicrobials that kill the virus in the aforementioned vehicles could greatly reduce spread of the virus. Caprylic acid is a natural fatty acid present in breast milk and coconut oil.
From previously published research, it is known that caprylic acid and its other chemical forms, namely monocaprylin and sodium caprylate are highly effective in killing a variety of disease causing bacteria and viruses.
Therefore, the proposed research aims to investigate the potential of caprylic acid and its molecules to kill avian influenza virus in a laboratory model.
If the compounds are effective in killing the virus in the laboratory model, they could potentially be used to kill the virus in poultry feed and water.
Moreover, since the virus resides the gastrointestinal tract of infected birds, supplementation of caprylic acid through feed and water could kill the virus in live birds.
Determining the effect of these molecules on avian influenza virus may help us to devise new antimicrobial approaches/tools to fight this fatal viral disease affecting the poultry industry. The proposed research is a first step in achieving this goal.
APPROACH: Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells will be grown in minimal essential medium (MEM)supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum, 5 millimolar L-glutamine, sodium bicarbonate, 100 units of penicillin per milliliter, 100 micrograms of streptomycin sulfate per milliliter, and 100 micrograms of kanamycin sulfate per milliliter in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2.
Caprylic acid, monocaprylin, and sodium caprylate will be obtained from Sigma.
Two low pathogenic strains H5 and H9 and four isolates of low pathogenic H7/N5 viruses from NVSL, Ames, Iowa will be used in the study.
The viruses will be propagated in the allantoic cavities of 10-day-old embryonated chicken eggs.
The antiviral activity of caprylic acid, monocaprylin, and sodium caprylate will be determined by two different methods and further complemented with real time RT-PCR tests.
A). the virucidal effect of the molecules on avian influenza virus will be determined by plaque reduction assay on MDCK cell.
Briefly, six-well plates will be inoculated with the virus diluted in MEM to yield about 100 plaques per well.
Cells will be incubated for 1 h at 37 C.
After 3 days of incubation at 37 C, plaques will be visualized by staining with 0.1% crystal violet containing 10% formaldehyde.
The percentage of inhibition of plaque formation compare to untreated controls will be calculated for each concentration of the three molecules.
Three replicate experiments for each treatment will be performed to determine the concentration of each molecule that result in a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of the plaque number. B) Micro neutralization assay followed by a modified enzyme-linked immunoassay will be used to determine the antiviral effect of the three compounds.
This assay detects the expression of viral nucleoprotein in infected cells. Briefly, MDCK cells will be seeded in 96-well culture plates at a density of 5000 cells per well in MEM containing 10% FBS, 100 Units per milliliter penicillin, 100 micrograms per mililiter streptomycin sulfate, and 100 micrograms per milliliter kanamycin sulfate.
Cells will be incubated at 37C with 5% CO2 until 90% confluency is achieved. Cells will be then washed twice with serum-free MEM, and residual medium removed.
Each micro titer plate will include uninfected control cultures, virus-infected control wells and virus-infected cultures to which antiviral compounds will be added.
Plates will be incubated at 37 C for 30 minutes then allantoic fluid containing virus will be added to all wells except the wells with the cell control.
After incubation for 18 h at 37C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2, cells will be fixed by adding 100 microliter of cold acetone PBS mixture.
The percent inhibition of virus replication by the antiviral compound will be calculated.
The assay will be replicated three times.
Real Time PCR will quantify viral RNA after and before treatment of the virus with the chemical compounds such as caprylic acid, monocaprylin, and sodium caprylate.
The mean values, standard deviations, and significant differences will be analyzed by the Tukey-Kramer method.
Funding Source
Nat’l. Inst. of Food and Agriculture
Project source
View this project
Project number
CONS00830
Accession number
212858
Categories
Bacterial Pathogens
Food Defense and Integrity
Commodities
Meat, Poultry, Game
Synonyms
0ctanoic acid
1-Heptanecarboxylate
1-Heptanecarboxylic acid
1-octanoic acid
8-[(1R,2R)-3-Oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-enyl}cyclopentyl]octanoate
Acide octanoique
Acido octanoico
Acidum octanocium
C-8 Acid
C8:0
Caprylate
Caprylic acid
capryloate
Caprylsaeure
CH3-[CH2]6-COOH
Enantic acid
Heptane-1-carboxylic acid
Kaprylsaeure
Kyselina kaprylova
n-Caprylate
n-Caprylic acid
n-Octanoate
n-Octanoic acid
n-Octoate
n-Octoic acid
n-Octylate
n-Octylic acid
octanoate
Octanoic acid
octanoic acid, ion(1-)
Octansaeure
Octic acid
octoic acid
Octylate
octylic acid
8:0
Acidum octanoicum
OCTANOIC ACID (caprylIC ACID)
OCTANOate (caprylate)
Octoate
Emery 657
Kortacid 0899
Lunac 8-95
Lunac 8-98
Neo-fat 8
Neo-fat 8S
Prifac 2901
Caprylic acid, cadmium salt
Caprylic acid, cesium salt
Caprylic acid, manganese salt
Caprylic acid, nickel(+2) salt
Caprylic acid, zinc salt
Caprylic acid, aluminum salt
Caprylic acid, barium salt
Caprylic acid, chromium(+2) salt
Caprylic acid, lead(+2) salt
Caprylic acid, potassium salt
Caprylic acid, tin(+2) salt
Sodium octanoate
Caprylic acid, 14C-labeled
Caprylic acid, lithium salt
Caprylic acid, ruthenium(+3) salt
Caprylic acid, sodium salt
Caprylic acid, sodium salt, 11C-labeled
Caprylic acid, tin salt
Caprylic acid, zirconium salt
Sodium caprylate
Caprylic acid, ammonia salt
Caprylic acid, calcium salt
Caprylic acid, cobalt salt
Caprylic acid, copper salt
Caprylic acid, copper(+2) salt
Caprylic acid, iridum(+3) salt
Caprylic acid, iron(+3) salt
Caprylic acid, lanthanum(+3) salt
Caprylic acid, zirconium(+4) salt
FA(8:0)
Lithium octanoate
Octanoic acid is a medium-length fatty acid that has important biological functions and properties.
In combination with acidic calcium sulfate, octanoic acid has been demonstrated to be effective as an antimicrobial agent in foods1 and to have repellent properties towards some mites.
Octanoic acid is essential for acylation in the biosynthesis of acyl-ghrelin, a growth hormone releasing peptide that stimulates hunger.
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited disorder of peroxisomal metabolism and is characterized by deficient beta-oxidation of saturated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) resulting in an accumulation of VLCFA and a subsequent decrease in shorter fatty acids such as octanoic acid.
Sphingolipids are normally acylated with long-chain fatty acids and are critical in many biological functions.
When acylated with shorter fatty acids these sphingolipids can more easily cross the cell membrane barrier.
Octanoic acid is a saturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acids have been found to cause moderate risk of coronary heart disease as compared with polyunsaturated fatty acids and they significantly lower the total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio as compared with carbohydrates.
References:
1. A. Brandt et al. “Synergistic Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes In Vitro through the Combination of Octanoic Acid and Acidic Calcium Sulfate” Journal of Food Protection, vol. 74 pp. 122-125, 2011
2. F. Nazzi et al. “Octanoic acid confers to royal jelly varroa-repellent properties” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 96 pp. 309-314, 2009
3. J. Ashitani “Effect of octanoic acid-rich formula on plasma ghrelin levels in cachectic patients with chronic respiratory disease” Nutrition Journal, 2009, 8:25 doi:10.1186/1475-2891-8-25
4. R. Micha and D. Mozaffarian “Saturated Fat and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Diabetes: a Fresh Look at the Evidence” Lipids, vol. 45 pp. 893-905, 2010
Caprylic acid, also known as octanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid obtained naturally from mammal milk, coconut oil, or palm oil.
It is an oily liquid with an unpleasant rancid odor. The product is widely used in the production of esters, which are used in perfumery, and in the manufacturing of dyes.
Moreover, caprylic acid finds application as a disinfectant in veterinary, healthcare, and industrial facilities, hotels, and schools, among others.
Caprylic acid has antimicrobial properties which make it applicable as a surface sanitizer in dairies, breweries, food & beverage processing plants.
Apart from this, the product is used a bactericide, fungicide, and herbicide in greenhouses.
The other applications of caprylic acid are animal feed, corrosion inhibitor, and plasticizer.
The increasing demand for caprylic acid in the personal care and cosmetics and pharmaceuticals industries is expected to propel market growth during the forecast period.
Caprylic acid finds application in the manufacture of perfumes, in masking agents, and artificial flavorings.
The increased demand for personal care products is likely to propel market growth in the years to follow.
Furthermore, the rising health consciousness and stringent government regulations regarding the hygiene and quality of food products are expected to boost the demand for caprylic acid in the food & beverage industry.
ATAMAN CHEMICALS offers a full line of fractionated fatty acid from C8 to C14 saturated molecules, including capric acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid and pelargonic acid. Versions of these products can be certified food grade, kosher and halal.
Our fractionated fatty acids are used in dairy cleaners, flavor & fragrances, industrial and institutional cleaners, metalworking lubricants, detergents, emollient esters, food supplements, alkyd resins, soaps, personal care, agricultural chemicals, textile chemical and fatty derivatives.
Applications for capric acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid and pelargonic acid include:
Biocides in food processing
Derivatives/esters used in a wide variety of surfactants due to their “foaming” properties
Chain terminators in paints and coatings that provide formulation flexibility, faster reaction rates, and consistency in condensation reaction to make alkyd resins
Hard surface cleaners and detergents
Emollient esters for personal care lotions and creams; mid-cut fatty acids for liqud and bar soaps
Lubrication and load-carrying additives in metalworking fluids.
Acid octanoic (ro)
acid octanoic (ro)
Acide octanoïque (fr)
acide octanoïque (fr)
Acido ottanoico (it)
acido ottanoico (it)
aċidu oktanojku (mt)
Aċidu ottanojku (mt)
Kwas kaprylowy (pl)
kwas oktanowy (pl)
Kyselina oktánová (sk)
kyselina oktánová (sk)
Octaanzuur (nl)
Octanoic acid (no)
Octansyre (da)
octansyre (da)
Octansäure (de)
Oktaanhape (et)
oktaanhape (et)
Oktaanihappo (fi)
Oktano rūgštis (lt)
oktano rūgštis (lt)
Oktanojska kislina (sl)
oktanojska kislina (sl)
Oktanová kyselina (cs)
oktanová kyselina (cs)
Oktanska kiselina (hr)
oktanska kiselina (hr)
Oktansyra (sv)
oktansyra (sv)
Oktánsav (hu)
oktánsav; kálisó-kaprilsav (hu)
Oktānskābe (lv)
oktānskābe (lv)
Ácido octanoico (es)
ácido octanoico (es)
Ácido octanoico (pt)
ácido octanoico (pt)
Οκτανικό οξύ (el)
οκτανοϊκό οξύ (el)
Октанова киселина (bg)
октанова киселина (bg)
CAS names
Octanoic acid
IUPAC names
1-heptanecarboxylic acid
1-Octansäure
Acid C8, Caprylic acid, Octanoic acid
Acido Octanoico
C-8
CAPRYLIC ACID
Caprylic acid
Caprylsäure
CLP octanoic acid (PGC Only)
n-Caprylic acid
n-Octanoic Acid
n-Octanoic acid
N-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine
OCTANOIC ACID
Octanoic acid (caprylic acid)
Octanoic acid(caprylic acid)
Octansäure
Octylic acid , 1-heptanecarboxylic acid
Trade names
Caprylic Acid
CAPRYLIC ACID (POFAC 0899)
Ecoric 8/99
KORTACID 0899/0898/0895/0890
MMFA 0898 (Caprylic Acid 98%)
Octanoic Acid
Oktansäure
PALMAC 99-08
PALMATA 0899
Palmata 0899
RADIACID 0608
RADIACID 0698
SINAR – FA 0899
UNIOLEO FA 0899